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VOL. XXVII. o.? *^i INDIANAPOLIS. IND.. JAN. 30,1892. NO. 5 LIVE STOOK INDUSTBY.* ,'; The Indiana Associations iu Am* ml Meetings. Discussions, Oatlook and Resolutions IHDIAHA SHOBTHOEH BRKJDERB. - The 20th annual meeting ot tbe Indiana Bhorthorn Breeders met In annual session In the Agricultural rooms last week, with Pres. J. M. Sankey, Torre Haute, In the chair. Owing to tbe prevalence of "La Grippe*' throughout the state, and the extreme cold weather tbe attendance was light, yet considerable enthusiasm was «manifested. Pres. J. M. Sankey delivered his annual address, which was purely extemporaneous. He encouraged tho breeders to continue in the breeding of this noble breed. He spoke of the condition of the business of tbe past year, snd how fortunate the breeders were compared with otber live stock breeders. The majority of the members who were placed upon the program were not present, so the only paper read before the meeting was by - Hon. S. F. Lockridge of Greencastle. MR. T-DCKBIIX.B'S ADDRF.S.H. Hisrabject was, •'Overcoming the Obstacles in Breeding Shorthorns." Hopre- - fac*! hia address by a reference to the general depression in agriculture, which had prevailed for a decade or more, and said that like depression had followed the Shorthorn breeding interests for a number of- years, but maintained that the trouble was not because the business had been overdone, but tbat the breeding bad been unscientific in a large meature. "Nor was it so because of the introduction ol other improved breeds in competition, for there was room enough and to epare in this breed alone for all pure breeds for many years to come. If there haa been an over-snrplus of cattle, it has been the poorer an unimproved sorts, and the crying want of the a?e is a more universal u*e of aires of improved blood on the common cattle of the country. The problem that confronts the breeders of pedigree stock is hotr to convince the small breeder and general farmer who rear tbe market cattle, of the importance of pure bred sires over ordinary gradea and scrubs. As a class, they ate disposed to place but little faith in pedigree and too much in the qualities tbat appeal to the eye alone. Tne breeder of long experience will select hi» breading stock from families and tribes known to havo been bred with care for generations, which he knows will reproduce the tame kind in its descendenta. The novice Is in liuenced almost wholly by external confirmation of the animals, regardless of the qualities of iu ancestry, indifferent to the fact that a bad individual Is prepotent to i ts bad q uaiities as a g-xid one in its reproduction of good qualities. The opinion that one or two crosses of good blood are sufficient in sires, is too prevalent with that class to-day, notwithstanding all that haa been written and said to the contrary. AU or you have had experiencs with thn man who boastsof his wondetful half blood calf he purchased at one fourth tbe price he would have to pay for a pure blood, and was as good In his opinion for his purposes as any pedigree calf. It is a common expression with that class of men, that as tbey are only raising steers for the market, a common or ordinary grade sire is good enough for them. This theory ls of course detrimental to the Improvement of the cattle of the country, and is creat- ' ing sad havoc with the farmers' excheq- qer. How shall this class bo convinced of their error and the fallacy of tbeir theory T - In the first place, I may ask, ls not the Ttireederof pedigree stock himself largely to blame for this condition Of thing". The general praotics that has attained of late years among many breeders ot resolving all of their stock for brooding purposes regsrdless of merit, and disposing of their inferior ones to the farmer at a low price, rather than send tbem to the butcher, has in my Judgment had much to do with tho prejudice tbat exists ln some quarters against pure blood. Many of tbese small breeders and farmers visited the herds ot pedigree stock and lured by the low prices, purchased inferior animals, not having the knowledge and experience to select tbe boat, and having used them on their common stock are greatly disappointed at the,'result. They attribute tbese bad results to the breed ln general, and afterwards denounce pedigree stock as a delusion and a snare. The Bale rings of tbe breed for years will bear witness nf the fact tbat a large per cent of the cattle so offered should never have hail an existence at all, much less bave been paraded before the public as representatives of a matchless breed. Oir pure breeds we produce by a long and systematic c-iurseof sell,- ion and pairing of the best, by a rigid adherence to the law of the survival of the fittest. Before tbe days ot berd looks, the Coll- lDgs and 1! joths and Bites and contemporaries, retained in their herds fur breeding purposes, only the choicest of their animals and evon tbe best of these lf tbey failed for any reason to add their quota to theherd for only a single season, were relentlessly sent to the shambles. Thus in tbe course of years a long line of noble ancestry was established, never before surpassed. But this era of honest and intelligent breeding was followed by one of Indited prices and wild speculations in which fads and crazw became the sentiment of tbe hour. And the ranks rapidly filled with the heterogeneous crowds of enthusiasts who brought to the business about as much knowledge of the fclence of breeding as a Pine IMdge Indian or native P*Ugonian. From all these result* Indiscriminate and icj idlclous crosMng of every description, with no other recom mendatlon than that they were possesed of a pedigree, and tbis is tbe Jesuit in a vast ly deteriorated clans of cattle. Of course I do not say tbat all breeders have pur-ued tbis course and that there are none of our cattle equal to those produced by earlier breeders. On the contrary, I am confident that there are as good Shorthorns in exis, tence now, both in this country and ln Oreat Britain as ever were decorated with show yard honors in the palmiest days of the breed. Of the thousands that dally find their way to the great markets ot the country, it is remarkable how small is the per cent of really prime beeves, though the same markets will attest the fact that a really prime beast will bring a first class price every day in the year. The lesson from all thia to learn, Is to breed from the best, by selecting the best animals forfbreeding purposes, and raising only the best sires that can be obtained, and by a rigid enforcement of a rule to retain in the herd only such of the produce as possess in form and constitution the elements tbat go to make up first class animals and by sending to the shambles all that do not reach the prescribed standard In conclusion, Mr. Lockridge said, "by a a faithful adherence to tbese teachings and examples, the Shorthorn breeder can labor in his chosen field without fear of the final result, forthe signs of the times point unmistakably to the fact tbat the golden age of cattle breedingis yet before us, bat In the meantime the sooner the mere trader ot pedigree stock is driven from our ranks the better it will be, notonly for the improvement of pedigree stock, bnt for the interests of all concerned aa well." The session on Wednesday morning was ctlled to order by President Sankey at 10 a.m. The only business done was to hear the report of cm mit tee. Thes commute upon omuers for the ensuing year reported as follows: President, J M Sinkny, Terre Haute; Vice-President, Calvin Cowgill, Wabash; Secretary, W... S. K ibblns, Horace; Treasurer,]'. C. Thompson, Edinburgh; Tne committee upon expert judges, reported tbe following revised list for ls'.'i: B F. Legg, Windfall; Joseph lllppey, Syracuse; J. D Spahr, Centerville; J. A. (*. lton, Manilla; Felix G trtln, Burney; E-cra Swain, Noblesville; J. W. Harper, Wa 'ash asper N. Lse, Hllev; John Welch, Gosport; H. C. G. Bala, Indlanapo lis; John McCaslin, Franklin; Thomas Wilson, Bloomingdale; J. W. Morgan, Danville. The committee on program* reported the fol lowing program for iwi:$: 1. Tbe art of feeding Snorthorns for profit, W. E. McCord, Martinsville. 2. Shall we specialize our Snorthorns into milk producing aud beef producing classes? Joshua Strange, Arcana. 3. In selecting Shorthorns for breeding purposes, shall color be consldared? Frank Taylor, Indianapolis.. 4. How to create a greater demand by farmers for Shorthorns. E. C. Thompson, Irvington. The report was adopted. A committee consisting of Frank Tay Ior, Ciaude Muthews and E. C. Tc.onp son was apoointed to look after the best interest of the L-.ve Stcck breeders of thia State, also to secure asuttable appropriation for premiums co ba dlvld.d among tho Live Stock Breeders. Canirlderabu. discussion was held upon this subject. The question was asked whether we ware losing ground in tbe breeding of cattle, are they as good now as formerly, this question was discussed by S. F. Lock- • idge, of Oreencastle, Calvin C.iwglll and J«s Jackson, of Wabasb, T. A. Cotton, ol Mar ilia, Joshua Strange, of Miami and J. M. Sankey, of Terre ll-tute. Ewh gen tleman except Mr. Sankey was of the opinion that the beef cattle were not as good now as formerly, on account of the fact tbat so many creameries were being operated in the State, that the farmers were looking more after dairy Instead of beet sires and dams. Mr. Sankey, however thonght in his locality the beef cat tie were better now than heretofore. Mr. Matthews oflered the following res olutlon which was adopted: Vtao/ivd, Tbat the various livestock breeder.* ass x-latlous ot tne State ot Indiana, be requested to appoint such a com mtttee of mree or at least one repreaenta tlve to act with the committee appointed by tbis association, to confer with tbelndi- ana B mrd of World's Fair Commissiiiners In an efiort to secure a jast recognition of the ltve st ck interest of the State and also a fair and liberal share of the appioprla tlon made by the State to encourage a proper exhibition of its live stock. The secretary was instructed to have a list of expert judges printed and a copy sent to each fair association in the Stale. The meeting adjourned to meet the 3d Thursday in Januarv, 1893. IHDIAHA WOOL OBOWJSBS. The 16th, annual meeting of the Indiana Wool Growers' Aassoclation, met In convention in the agricultural rooms in the State House on the 21th, inst. The attendance was very good, and great interest was manifested in the meeting. The convention waa called to order by President C. A. Howland, of Howlands. Tbe minutes ot meeting were read by J. W. Robe, of Greencastle, sec'y, and were approved by the com entlon. Cal Darnell, of Indianapolis, was called to the ch*ir, where upon, President C. A. Howland, delivered his annual address. * PJ-ESIDEST'S ABVBBaa. President C. A. Howland, in hia ad dres*, congratulated the wool growers on their success the past year. He believed that any breed of sheep properly cared for, Is superior to any breed neglected. Breeders should claim all the virtues possessed by the breeds they fancy, but the breed of sheep that yields, the greatest amount of salable wool and the most mutton are of the most profitable to the wool growers. Fairs should offer their beat premiums on sheep bred hy exhibitor. Let us strive to capture thn hlghett pri7.9 at the Columbian fair with cheep raised in the United States. By proper coupling and feeding oursheip, ths intelligent breeder ot the United States may yet live to receive orders from our English brethren for superior specimens to improve their flocks, Wehave the advantage over otber breed- era of Hvfl hL-tjoIt, tor our ^TTtrnuient naS placed a tax upon foreign wool, and therefore our wool grower cau aflord to sell mutton cheaper than cattle men can sell beef, and make more money, trader no circumstances should Congress reduce the duty on foreign wool. Give the farmer an equal chanca with the manufacturer, send men to Cm gross that will support such a mpRJ-ure. In our deliberations let us so arrange our matters that Congress may know our wishes, aud also feel our influence in behalf of sheep husbandry. At the conclusion of the President's ad- dress, Prof. W. A. Ball, of Indlanapolla, read his paper on SHEEP ASA FACTOR IN SUrPLYISO THK WANTS OI' MAN. The subject Is a practical one, nothing to do with breeds of sheep. Let us look around and take a larger view ot the subject, lt will give us a better opinion ot our work, result in better work and men. A man who has respect for his work, will not palm off shoddy f.ir real wool. Wool growing is but a small part of the farmer's work. I.ook at Indiana, the number ot sheep assigned for Indiana in 1891 1,150,- 200, value $1,114,150 placing Indiana as the 10 h, State in sheep husbandry. In Indiana, sheep have increased. three per cent. Number of sheep in the United States in 1891 were 13,431,130 b3ing one million less than the number)eported ln 11.00. In face of the d -crease Incumbers the value Increased, sheep were tbe only domestic animal, that did not depreciate ln value from 1MX) to is;)I. The annual clip of tho United States is more than 300,000 000 lb*, of wool. Added to this we Import more than 100,000,000 lbs. for manufacturing. We have more than 2008 factories with an invest, d capital more than JlCO.000.000. L-kbor omployed, 100.0(0 men, women and children -amount paid ln wages is nearly ■J30.000 000 annually. The raw material is worth $100 000 000, the finished product twice as much. Indiana bas 100 woolen factories, invested capital 2*4 million dollars, giving employment to 2000 people, amount of product turned out 13,000,000. The woolen manufacturing interests of England alone ls in excess of the United States, while Australia alone produces 90,000,000 sheep. All classes of mankind are benefitted by the sbeep husbandry. They all wear woolen clothes. Sheep is a pri me factor in supplying the wants of man, in the way of clothing. Now aa to sbeep as a meat supply. Mutton is growing In favor year by year. Tnis is Indicated by the fact that in Indiana alone in the year 1880, the num- berof Bheep slaughtered was 82,706. In 181*0 the number was 20,000 less and can be accounted for the on ground that tha price of sheep was high and hogs and cattle were low. And in view ofthis fact, in a few yearsjthe number ot sheep bred ln the United States will be 100,000,000 instead of 43,000,000. Some of the gentlemen -who were to Conolttdod «h ttmmo 4.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1892, v. 27, no. 05 (Jan. 30) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA2705 |
Date of Original | 1892 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2010-11-10 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | VOL. XXVII. o.? *^i INDIANAPOLIS. IND.. JAN. 30,1892. NO. 5 LIVE STOOK INDUSTBY.* ,'; The Indiana Associations iu Am* ml Meetings. Discussions, Oatlook and Resolutions IHDIAHA SHOBTHOEH BRKJDERB. - The 20th annual meeting ot tbe Indiana Bhorthorn Breeders met In annual session In the Agricultural rooms last week, with Pres. J. M. Sankey, Torre Haute, In the chair. Owing to tbe prevalence of "La Grippe*' throughout the state, and the extreme cold weather tbe attendance was light, yet considerable enthusiasm was «manifested. Pres. J. M. Sankey delivered his annual address, which was purely extemporaneous. He encouraged tho breeders to continue in the breeding of this noble breed. He spoke of the condition of the business of tbe past year, snd how fortunate the breeders were compared with otber live stock breeders. The majority of the members who were placed upon the program were not present, so the only paper read before the meeting was by - Hon. S. F. Lockridge of Greencastle. MR. T-DCKBIIX.B'S ADDRF.S.H. Hisrabject was, •'Overcoming the Obstacles in Breeding Shorthorns." Hopre- - fac*! hia address by a reference to the general depression in agriculture, which had prevailed for a decade or more, and said that like depression had followed the Shorthorn breeding interests for a number of- years, but maintained that the trouble was not because the business had been overdone, but tbat the breeding bad been unscientific in a large meature. "Nor was it so because of the introduction ol other improved breeds in competition, for there was room enough and to epare in this breed alone for all pure breeds for many years to come. If there haa been an over-snrplus of cattle, it has been the poorer an unimproved sorts, and the crying want of the a?e is a more universal u*e of aires of improved blood on the common cattle of the country. The problem that confronts the breeders of pedigree stock is hotr to convince the small breeder and general farmer who rear tbe market cattle, of the importance of pure bred sires over ordinary gradea and scrubs. As a class, they ate disposed to place but little faith in pedigree and too much in the qualities tbat appeal to the eye alone. Tne breeder of long experience will select hi» breading stock from families and tribes known to havo been bred with care for generations, which he knows will reproduce the tame kind in its descendenta. The novice Is in liuenced almost wholly by external confirmation of the animals, regardless of the qualities of iu ancestry, indifferent to the fact that a bad individual Is prepotent to i ts bad q uaiities as a g-xid one in its reproduction of good qualities. The opinion that one or two crosses of good blood are sufficient in sires, is too prevalent with that class to-day, notwithstanding all that haa been written and said to the contrary. AU or you have had experiencs with thn man who boastsof his wondetful half blood calf he purchased at one fourth tbe price he would have to pay for a pure blood, and was as good In his opinion for his purposes as any pedigree calf. It is a common expression with that class of men, that as tbey are only raising steers for the market, a common or ordinary grade sire is good enough for them. This theory ls of course detrimental to the Improvement of the cattle of the country, and is creat- ' ing sad havoc with the farmers' excheq- qer. How shall this class bo convinced of their error and the fallacy of tbeir theory T - In the first place, I may ask, ls not the Ttireederof pedigree stock himself largely to blame for this condition Of thing". The general praotics that has attained of late years among many breeders ot resolving all of their stock for brooding purposes regsrdless of merit, and disposing of their inferior ones to the farmer at a low price, rather than send tbem to the butcher, has in my Judgment had much to do with tho prejudice tbat exists ln some quarters against pure blood. Many of tbese small breeders and farmers visited the herds ot pedigree stock and lured by the low prices, purchased inferior animals, not having the knowledge and experience to select tbe boat, and having used them on their common stock are greatly disappointed at the,'result. They attribute tbese bad results to the breed ln general, and afterwards denounce pedigree stock as a delusion and a snare. The Bale rings of tbe breed for years will bear witness nf the fact tbat a large per cent of the cattle so offered should never have hail an existence at all, much less bave been paraded before the public as representatives of a matchless breed. Oir pure breeds we produce by a long and systematic c-iurseof sell,- ion and pairing of the best, by a rigid adherence to the law of the survival of the fittest. Before tbe days ot berd looks, the Coll- lDgs and 1! joths and Bites and contemporaries, retained in their herds fur breeding purposes, only the choicest of their animals and evon tbe best of these lf tbey failed for any reason to add their quota to theherd for only a single season, were relentlessly sent to the shambles. Thus in tbe course of years a long line of noble ancestry was established, never before surpassed. But this era of honest and intelligent breeding was followed by one of Indited prices and wild speculations in which fads and crazw became the sentiment of tbe hour. And the ranks rapidly filled with the heterogeneous crowds of enthusiasts who brought to the business about as much knowledge of the fclence of breeding as a Pine IMdge Indian or native P*Ugonian. From all these result* Indiscriminate and icj idlclous crosMng of every description, with no other recom mendatlon than that they were possesed of a pedigree, and tbis is tbe Jesuit in a vast ly deteriorated clans of cattle. Of course I do not say tbat all breeders have pur-ued tbis course and that there are none of our cattle equal to those produced by earlier breeders. On the contrary, I am confident that there are as good Shorthorns in exis, tence now, both in this country and ln Oreat Britain as ever were decorated with show yard honors in the palmiest days of the breed. Of the thousands that dally find their way to the great markets ot the country, it is remarkable how small is the per cent of really prime beeves, though the same markets will attest the fact that a really prime beast will bring a first class price every day in the year. The lesson from all thia to learn, Is to breed from the best, by selecting the best animals forfbreeding purposes, and raising only the best sires that can be obtained, and by a rigid enforcement of a rule to retain in the herd only such of the produce as possess in form and constitution the elements tbat go to make up first class animals and by sending to the shambles all that do not reach the prescribed standard In conclusion, Mr. Lockridge said, "by a a faithful adherence to tbese teachings and examples, the Shorthorn breeder can labor in his chosen field without fear of the final result, forthe signs of the times point unmistakably to the fact tbat the golden age of cattle breedingis yet before us, bat In the meantime the sooner the mere trader ot pedigree stock is driven from our ranks the better it will be, notonly for the improvement of pedigree stock, bnt for the interests of all concerned aa well." The session on Wednesday morning was ctlled to order by President Sankey at 10 a.m. The only business done was to hear the report of cm mit tee. Thes commute upon omuers for the ensuing year reported as follows: President, J M Sinkny, Terre Haute; Vice-President, Calvin Cowgill, Wabash; Secretary, W... S. K ibblns, Horace; Treasurer,]'. C. Thompson, Edinburgh; Tne committee upon expert judges, reported tbe following revised list for ls'.'i: B F. Legg, Windfall; Joseph lllppey, Syracuse; J. D Spahr, Centerville; J. A. (*. lton, Manilla; Felix G trtln, Burney; E-cra Swain, Noblesville; J. W. Harper, Wa 'ash asper N. Lse, Hllev; John Welch, Gosport; H. C. G. Bala, Indlanapo lis; John McCaslin, Franklin; Thomas Wilson, Bloomingdale; J. W. Morgan, Danville. The committee on program* reported the fol lowing program for iwi:$: 1. Tbe art of feeding Snorthorns for profit, W. E. McCord, Martinsville. 2. Shall we specialize our Snorthorns into milk producing aud beef producing classes? Joshua Strange, Arcana. 3. In selecting Shorthorns for breeding purposes, shall color be consldared? Frank Taylor, Indianapolis.. 4. How to create a greater demand by farmers for Shorthorns. E. C. Thompson, Irvington. The report was adopted. A committee consisting of Frank Tay Ior, Ciaude Muthews and E. C. Tc.onp son was apoointed to look after the best interest of the L-.ve Stcck breeders of thia State, also to secure asuttable appropriation for premiums co ba dlvld.d among tho Live Stock Breeders. Canirlderabu. discussion was held upon this subject. The question was asked whether we ware losing ground in tbe breeding of cattle, are they as good now as formerly, this question was discussed by S. F. Lock- • idge, of Oreencastle, Calvin C.iwglll and J«s Jackson, of Wabasb, T. A. Cotton, ol Mar ilia, Joshua Strange, of Miami and J. M. Sankey, of Terre ll-tute. Ewh gen tleman except Mr. Sankey was of the opinion that the beef cattle were not as good now as formerly, on account of the fact tbat so many creameries were being operated in the State, that the farmers were looking more after dairy Instead of beet sires and dams. Mr. Sankey, however thonght in his locality the beef cat tie were better now than heretofore. Mr. Matthews oflered the following res olutlon which was adopted: Vtao/ivd, Tbat the various livestock breeder.* ass x-latlous ot tne State ot Indiana, be requested to appoint such a com mtttee of mree or at least one repreaenta tlve to act with the committee appointed by tbis association, to confer with tbelndi- ana B mrd of World's Fair Commissiiiners In an efiort to secure a jast recognition of the ltve st ck interest of the State and also a fair and liberal share of the appioprla tlon made by the State to encourage a proper exhibition of its live stock. The secretary was instructed to have a list of expert judges printed and a copy sent to each fair association in the Stale. The meeting adjourned to meet the 3d Thursday in Januarv, 1893. IHDIAHA WOOL OBOWJSBS. The 16th, annual meeting of the Indiana Wool Growers' Aassoclation, met In convention in the agricultural rooms in the State House on the 21th, inst. The attendance was very good, and great interest was manifested in the meeting. The convention waa called to order by President C. A. Howland, of Howlands. Tbe minutes ot meeting were read by J. W. Robe, of Greencastle, sec'y, and were approved by the com entlon. Cal Darnell, of Indianapolis, was called to the ch*ir, where upon, President C. A. Howland, delivered his annual address. * PJ-ESIDEST'S ABVBBaa. President C. A. Howland, in hia ad dres*, congratulated the wool growers on their success the past year. He believed that any breed of sheep properly cared for, Is superior to any breed neglected. Breeders should claim all the virtues possessed by the breeds they fancy, but the breed of sheep that yields, the greatest amount of salable wool and the most mutton are of the most profitable to the wool growers. Fairs should offer their beat premiums on sheep bred hy exhibitor. Let us strive to capture thn hlghett pri7.9 at the Columbian fair with cheep raised in the United States. By proper coupling and feeding oursheip, ths intelligent breeder ot the United States may yet live to receive orders from our English brethren for superior specimens to improve their flocks, Wehave the advantage over otber breed- era of Hvfl hL-tjoIt, tor our ^TTtrnuient naS placed a tax upon foreign wool, and therefore our wool grower cau aflord to sell mutton cheaper than cattle men can sell beef, and make more money, trader no circumstances should Congress reduce the duty on foreign wool. Give the farmer an equal chanca with the manufacturer, send men to Cm gross that will support such a mpRJ-ure. In our deliberations let us so arrange our matters that Congress may know our wishes, aud also feel our influence in behalf of sheep husbandry. At the conclusion of the President's ad- dress, Prof. W. A. Ball, of Indlanapolla, read his paper on SHEEP ASA FACTOR IN SUrPLYISO THK WANTS OI' MAN. The subject Is a practical one, nothing to do with breeds of sheep. Let us look around and take a larger view ot the subject, lt will give us a better opinion ot our work, result in better work and men. A man who has respect for his work, will not palm off shoddy f.ir real wool. Wool growing is but a small part of the farmer's work. I.ook at Indiana, the number ot sheep assigned for Indiana in 1891 1,150,- 200, value $1,114,150 placing Indiana as the 10 h, State in sheep husbandry. In Indiana, sheep have increased. three per cent. Number of sheep in the United States in 1891 were 13,431,130 b3ing one million less than the number)eported ln 11.00. In face of the d -crease Incumbers the value Increased, sheep were tbe only domestic animal, that did not depreciate ln value from 1MX) to is;)I. The annual clip of tho United States is more than 300,000 000 lb*, of wool. Added to this we Import more than 100,000,000 lbs. for manufacturing. We have more than 2008 factories with an invest, d capital more than JlCO.000.000. L-kbor omployed, 100.0(0 men, women and children -amount paid ln wages is nearly ■J30.000 000 annually. The raw material is worth $100 000 000, the finished product twice as much. Indiana bas 100 woolen factories, invested capital 2*4 million dollars, giving employment to 2000 people, amount of product turned out 13,000,000. The woolen manufacturing interests of England alone ls in excess of the United States, while Australia alone produces 90,000,000 sheep. All classes of mankind are benefitted by the sbeep husbandry. They all wear woolen clothes. Sheep is a pri me factor in supplying the wants of man, in the way of clothing. Now aa to sbeep as a meat supply. Mutton is growing In favor year by year. Tnis is Indicated by the fact that in Indiana alone in the year 1880, the num- berof Bheep slaughtered was 82,706. In 181*0 the number was 20,000 less and can be accounted for the on ground that tha price of sheep was high and hogs and cattle were low. And in view ofthis fact, in a few yearsjthe number ot sheep bred ln the United States will be 100,000,000 instead of 43,000,000. Some of the gentlemen -who were to Conolttdod «h ttmmo 4. |
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