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26 LAND TREATMENT OF PETROLEUM WASTE IN REGINA AREA, SASKATCHEWAN T. Viraraghavan, Professor T. F. Robbins, Student Faculty of Engineering, University of Regina Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada INTRODUCTION Over the past half century, petroleum wastes in Saskatchewan have either been sent for disposal in Alberta, or have been stockpiled, incinerated or land filled in this province. Due to new and restrictive regulations in Alberta for the disposal and inter-provincial transport of hazardous wastes, the transport of wastes to the Swan Hills waste disposal site in Alberta has become restricted. The regulations in Saskatchewan have also become increasingly restrictive, sharply curtailing the use of traditional methods of treatment and disposal within this province. A number of alternate technologies are available for the treatment and disposal of petroleum wastes, however a majority of these methods usually involve large capital expenditures and complex process streams. Land treatment of various wastes has been used in a number of industries for many years. Land treatment of municipal sludges has become increasingly widespread in the past decade. Because of the low cost of land treatment and its relatively low environmental impact, at least with municipal waste disposal, the petroleum industry has been investigating the potential of similar methods for the disposal of its waste. While a number of different treatment and disposal processes involve the use of hydrocarbon reducing microorganisms in soil, this paper will narrow the definition to one specific method of treatment. For the purpose of this paper, land treatment can be defined as a managed treatment and ultimate disposal technology that involves the controlled application of a residue or waste onto or into the soil followed by continued monitoring and management; the wastes are applied to the surface of the soil or incorporated in the surface soils by direct injection or by ploughing or tilling.1 This paper will restrict its scope to land treatment methods which do not require engineered structures of any kind. This eliminates the use of prepared clay liners, dikes and other drainage or containment structures. Land treatment methods which require engineered liners or other structures will be referred to as prepared bed reactors. Enhancement measures and biological stimulants are allowed under this proposed definition. Possible enhancement measures include varying tillage cycles, application rates and irrigation. Biological stimulants include all types of fertilizers and the possible addition of excess nitrogen and oxygen. The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using a land farm operation to dispose of various types of petroleum waste products in the Regina area. BACKGROUND Waste Products While petroleum wastes from other sources such as production wells and hydrocarbon spill sites can be treated in a similar manner, specific consideration is not given to such products. Petroleum processing facilities of varying sizes and designs produce wastes of unique chemical characteristics, but retain much of the same basic composition. However, trace constituents of primary concern to the Canadian prairie region will be given special consideration. A refinery or heavy oil upgrader can produce a wide range of waste products from a number of different process operations. The process operations include the following: the storage of crude oil and final products; fractionation including distillative separation and vacuum fractionation; decomposition including thermal cracking, catalytic cracking and hydrocracking; hydrocarbon rebuilding including polymerization, alkylation, reforming and isomerization; extraction operations; and product finishing such as lube oil finishing, blending and packaging. A heavy oil upgrader involves a number of additional processes which involve the 49th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, 1994 Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 243
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC199426 |
Title | Land treatment of petroleum waste in Regina area, Saskatchewan |
Author |
Viraraghavan, T. Robbins, T. F. |
Date of Original | 1994 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 49th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,44602 |
Extent of Original | p. 243-252 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-12-10 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 243 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | 26 LAND TREATMENT OF PETROLEUM WASTE IN REGINA AREA, SASKATCHEWAN T. Viraraghavan, Professor T. F. Robbins, Student Faculty of Engineering, University of Regina Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada INTRODUCTION Over the past half century, petroleum wastes in Saskatchewan have either been sent for disposal in Alberta, or have been stockpiled, incinerated or land filled in this province. Due to new and restrictive regulations in Alberta for the disposal and inter-provincial transport of hazardous wastes, the transport of wastes to the Swan Hills waste disposal site in Alberta has become restricted. The regulations in Saskatchewan have also become increasingly restrictive, sharply curtailing the use of traditional methods of treatment and disposal within this province. A number of alternate technologies are available for the treatment and disposal of petroleum wastes, however a majority of these methods usually involve large capital expenditures and complex process streams. Land treatment of various wastes has been used in a number of industries for many years. Land treatment of municipal sludges has become increasingly widespread in the past decade. Because of the low cost of land treatment and its relatively low environmental impact, at least with municipal waste disposal, the petroleum industry has been investigating the potential of similar methods for the disposal of its waste. While a number of different treatment and disposal processes involve the use of hydrocarbon reducing microorganisms in soil, this paper will narrow the definition to one specific method of treatment. For the purpose of this paper, land treatment can be defined as a managed treatment and ultimate disposal technology that involves the controlled application of a residue or waste onto or into the soil followed by continued monitoring and management; the wastes are applied to the surface of the soil or incorporated in the surface soils by direct injection or by ploughing or tilling.1 This paper will restrict its scope to land treatment methods which do not require engineered structures of any kind. This eliminates the use of prepared clay liners, dikes and other drainage or containment structures. Land treatment methods which require engineered liners or other structures will be referred to as prepared bed reactors. Enhancement measures and biological stimulants are allowed under this proposed definition. Possible enhancement measures include varying tillage cycles, application rates and irrigation. Biological stimulants include all types of fertilizers and the possible addition of excess nitrogen and oxygen. The objective of this study is to investigate the feasibility of using a land farm operation to dispose of various types of petroleum waste products in the Regina area. BACKGROUND Waste Products While petroleum wastes from other sources such as production wells and hydrocarbon spill sites can be treated in a similar manner, specific consideration is not given to such products. Petroleum processing facilities of varying sizes and designs produce wastes of unique chemical characteristics, but retain much of the same basic composition. However, trace constituents of primary concern to the Canadian prairie region will be given special consideration. A refinery or heavy oil upgrader can produce a wide range of waste products from a number of different process operations. The process operations include the following: the storage of crude oil and final products; fractionation including distillative separation and vacuum fractionation; decomposition including thermal cracking, catalytic cracking and hydrocracking; hydrocarbon rebuilding including polymerization, alkylation, reforming and isomerization; extraction operations; and product finishing such as lube oil finishing, blending and packaging. A heavy oil upgrader involves a number of additional processes which involve the 49th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, 1994 Lewis Publishers, Chelsea, Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 243 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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