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52 EFFECTS OF PAPERMILL WOOD ASH ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL Lewis M. Naylor, Senior Research Associate Department of Agricultural Engineering Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853 Eric J. Schmidt, Senior Environmental Engineer Georgia-Pacific Corporation Atlanta, Georgia 30348 INTRODUCTION The pulp and paper industry has used wood waste as fuel on a wide scale since the 1960's and has recognized that wood can be an economical and readily available source of energy. However, the ash residual from such commercial wood burning facilities can also be a valuable source of crop nutrients and lime for agricultural uses. This report discusses results and provides recommendations for the use of wood ash in agriculture. Pulp and paper industries utilize enormous quantities of timber resources annually for production of paper products. Since a portion of the tree is unusable in production operations, these residuals such as the bark from production operations must be managed through other methods. Burning such residues known as hog fuel in wood fired boilers for production of steam and electricity is economical, environmentally sound, and energy conserving. However, ash is generated from burning the hog fuel. Agricultural use of this ash along with the fly ash from air pollution control can represent the final step in this resource recovery program. Wood ash has been known to be an important source of potash and lime for many years [1,2], although a recent comprehensive reference makes little reference to it [3]. In the 1938 Yearbook of Agriculture [2], wood ash was suggested to "rate as a potash material with a comparatively high lime content, some phosphoric acid and magnesium, and small amounts of other elements." Unleached hardwood ashes were suggested to contain upward of 6% potash in the form of carbonate, 2°7o phosphoric acid and 30% lime. Thus, with the increasing use of wood as a fuel and the subsequent need to dispose of the ash, it is important to reconsider the use of wood ash for agricultural purposes and to put such use on a quantitative basis. The overall objective of this research was to quantify through laboratory and field studies the agronomic value of paper mill wood-derived ash as a fertilizer and an alternative liming material. Specific objectives of this research were to: 1) examine the characteristics of the wood ash in terms of macronutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and trace mineral content; 2) assess the availability of these crop nutrients in the soil where the wood ash is incorporated; and 3) quantify the liming value of the wood ash when incorporated into soil. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimental lime equivalences of the wood ash and the effects on the extractable nutrient content of soil were investigated initially in soil incubation studies. Wood ash samples used in the research were supplied by the Lyons Falls Paper Company (formerly a Georgia-Pacific Corp. facility), Lyons Falls, NY. The limestones used as controls were Limecrest Pulverized Limestone (Limestone Products Corp., Sparta, NJ) and Modern Rotary Kiln Hydratcd lime (Millard Lime and Stone, Annville, PA), and potash (Muriate of Potash, Agwav). The soils used in the incubation studies were Mardin silt loam (coarse, loamy, mixed mesic Typic Fragiocrcpt) and Burdett silt loam (fine, loamy, mixed, mesic Aerie Ochraqualfs). The experimental design was two soils by three liming/fertilizer treatments by six application rates with three replications for a total of 108 pots. The entire quantity of soil to be used in each experiment 437
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198652 |
Title | Effects of papermill wood ash on chemical properties of soil |
Author |
Naylor, Lewis M. Schmidt, Eric J. |
Date of Original | 1986 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 41st Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,37786 |
Extent of Original | p. 437-444 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-07-13 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 437 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | 52 EFFECTS OF PAPERMILL WOOD ASH ON CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL Lewis M. Naylor, Senior Research Associate Department of Agricultural Engineering Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853 Eric J. Schmidt, Senior Environmental Engineer Georgia-Pacific Corporation Atlanta, Georgia 30348 INTRODUCTION The pulp and paper industry has used wood waste as fuel on a wide scale since the 1960's and has recognized that wood can be an economical and readily available source of energy. However, the ash residual from such commercial wood burning facilities can also be a valuable source of crop nutrients and lime for agricultural uses. This report discusses results and provides recommendations for the use of wood ash in agriculture. Pulp and paper industries utilize enormous quantities of timber resources annually for production of paper products. Since a portion of the tree is unusable in production operations, these residuals such as the bark from production operations must be managed through other methods. Burning such residues known as hog fuel in wood fired boilers for production of steam and electricity is economical, environmentally sound, and energy conserving. However, ash is generated from burning the hog fuel. Agricultural use of this ash along with the fly ash from air pollution control can represent the final step in this resource recovery program. Wood ash has been known to be an important source of potash and lime for many years [1,2], although a recent comprehensive reference makes little reference to it [3]. In the 1938 Yearbook of Agriculture [2], wood ash was suggested to "rate as a potash material with a comparatively high lime content, some phosphoric acid and magnesium, and small amounts of other elements." Unleached hardwood ashes were suggested to contain upward of 6% potash in the form of carbonate, 2°7o phosphoric acid and 30% lime. Thus, with the increasing use of wood as a fuel and the subsequent need to dispose of the ash, it is important to reconsider the use of wood ash for agricultural purposes and to put such use on a quantitative basis. The overall objective of this research was to quantify through laboratory and field studies the agronomic value of paper mill wood-derived ash as a fertilizer and an alternative liming material. Specific objectives of this research were to: 1) examine the characteristics of the wood ash in terms of macronutrient content (N, P, K, Ca, Mg) and trace mineral content; 2) assess the availability of these crop nutrients in the soil where the wood ash is incorporated; and 3) quantify the liming value of the wood ash when incorporated into soil. MATERIALS AND METHODS The experimental lime equivalences of the wood ash and the effects on the extractable nutrient content of soil were investigated initially in soil incubation studies. Wood ash samples used in the research were supplied by the Lyons Falls Paper Company (formerly a Georgia-Pacific Corp. facility), Lyons Falls, NY. The limestones used as controls were Limecrest Pulverized Limestone (Limestone Products Corp., Sparta, NJ) and Modern Rotary Kiln Hydratcd lime (Millard Lime and Stone, Annville, PA), and potash (Muriate of Potash, Agwav). The soils used in the incubation studies were Mardin silt loam (coarse, loamy, mixed mesic Typic Fragiocrcpt) and Burdett silt loam (fine, loamy, mixed, mesic Aerie Ochraqualfs). The experimental design was two soils by three liming/fertilizer treatments by six application rates with three replications for a total of 108 pots. The entire quantity of soil to be used in each experiment 437 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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