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Section 8. HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC WASTES LEACHABILITY COMPARISON OF FOUR HAZARDOUS WASTE SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSES Pierre L. Cote, Process Development Engineer Environment Canada Wastewater Technology Centre Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6 Donald P. Hamilton, Technologist Zenon Environmental Enterprises Ltd. Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6 INTRODUCTION Solidification involves mixing a waste with one or more additives. It is used to improve the handling and physical characteristics of aqueous wastes. The treatment also decreases waste teachability and has the potential to detoxify the hazardous constituents contained in the waste. Several surveys and reviews of the existing processes have recently been published [1-3]. A majority of the commercially available waste solidification processes are proprietary and most of the performance and cost data available in the literature have been published by vendors of the technologies. A number of comparative evaluation studies of the physical properties and environmental stability of solidified wastes have been conducted by regulatory agencies [4-10]. In each of these studies, the wastes were solidified by the vendors. Although this approach allowed testing of the supposedly optimal formulation of each process, it did not generate information on process variability. Furthermore, the lack of information about the processes limited interpretation of the test results. Since no economic data was available, performance analyses of the various processes could not be conducted on a cost/benefit basis. Finally, meaningful comparisons could not always be made among the leaching test results since dilution of the contaminants in the solidified wastes resulting from various additive amounts was not taken into account. A research program was developed at the Wastewater Technology Centre (WTC), Burlington, Ontario, to evaluate the main hazardous waste solidification technologies [11]. The program is limited to the solidification of inorganic aqueous wastes (that may contain small fractions of organics) using inorganic additives. It features use of synthetic wastes to carefully control the experimental conditions, in-house solidification and testing, generation of cost data and use of leaching tests that allow the results to be interpreted based on mass transport theories. This paper presents the results of a teachability comparison of four generic processes applied to three synthetic wastes. BACKGROUND This section contains background information on the WTC research program that provides the basis and rationale for the experimental design presented in the next section. Solidification Four generic solidification processes based on the addition of fly ash-lime, fly ash-cement, bentonite-cement and soluble silicates-cement were investigated. The four processes are proprietary (US patent RE29 783, UK patent 1 485 625, US patent 4 149 968, and US patent 3 837 872, respectively). The main additives specified in the patents were used. However, no attempt was made to pretreat the wastes or use tertiary additives in order to reduce the leachability of specific contaminants. 221
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198324 |
Title | Leachability comparison of four hazardous waste solidification processes |
Author |
Cote, Pierre L. Hamilton, Donald P. |
Date of Original | 1983 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 38th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,34749 |
Extent of Original | p. 221-232 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-07-28 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 221 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | Section 8. HAZARDOUS AND TOXIC WASTES LEACHABILITY COMPARISON OF FOUR HAZARDOUS WASTE SOLIDIFICATION PROCESSES Pierre L. Cote, Process Development Engineer Environment Canada Wastewater Technology Centre Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6 Donald P. Hamilton, Technologist Zenon Environmental Enterprises Ltd. Burlington, Ontario L7R 4A6 INTRODUCTION Solidification involves mixing a waste with one or more additives. It is used to improve the handling and physical characteristics of aqueous wastes. The treatment also decreases waste teachability and has the potential to detoxify the hazardous constituents contained in the waste. Several surveys and reviews of the existing processes have recently been published [1-3]. A majority of the commercially available waste solidification processes are proprietary and most of the performance and cost data available in the literature have been published by vendors of the technologies. A number of comparative evaluation studies of the physical properties and environmental stability of solidified wastes have been conducted by regulatory agencies [4-10]. In each of these studies, the wastes were solidified by the vendors. Although this approach allowed testing of the supposedly optimal formulation of each process, it did not generate information on process variability. Furthermore, the lack of information about the processes limited interpretation of the test results. Since no economic data was available, performance analyses of the various processes could not be conducted on a cost/benefit basis. Finally, meaningful comparisons could not always be made among the leaching test results since dilution of the contaminants in the solidified wastes resulting from various additive amounts was not taken into account. A research program was developed at the Wastewater Technology Centre (WTC), Burlington, Ontario, to evaluate the main hazardous waste solidification technologies [11]. The program is limited to the solidification of inorganic aqueous wastes (that may contain small fractions of organics) using inorganic additives. It features use of synthetic wastes to carefully control the experimental conditions, in-house solidification and testing, generation of cost data and use of leaching tests that allow the results to be interpreted based on mass transport theories. This paper presents the results of a teachability comparison of four generic processes applied to three synthetic wastes. BACKGROUND This section contains background information on the WTC research program that provides the basis and rationale for the experimental design presented in the next section. Solidification Four generic solidification processes based on the addition of fly ash-lime, fly ash-cement, bentonite-cement and soluble silicates-cement were investigated. The four processes are proprietary (US patent RE29 783, UK patent 1 485 625, US patent 4 149 968, and US patent 3 837 872, respectively). The main additives specified in the patents were used. However, no attempt was made to pretreat the wastes or use tertiary additives in order to reduce the leachability of specific contaminants. 221 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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