VOL. XXVII.
» ; T
ED        ~
INDIANAPOLIS, IND., MARCH 12, 1892.
NO. 11
To the Farmers of Indiana. ___-^/
The Indiana Dairy Association -wishes
to remind the farmers of Indiana that our
State possesses the land, the men and the
women with which to make it one ofthe
best States producing dairy products tbat
there is in the Union, and there Js no reason why our State cannot lead ih hutter
and cheese as well as she does in other
products of the farm. We are so situated
that every trunk lineof railway passes
across the State, the express trains of
which put us within two hours of the best
markets in tbi- country.
We thiDk that there is ajgreater profit in
the dairy business than there is in any
other branch of farming that a farmer can
engage in, and it is a business that is less
likely to be overdone, as the demand for
first class butter is unlimited and the
more good butter that there is used, the
less oleomargarine and kindred stuff will
be put on the market, consequently it behooves us as farmers to be up and doing
and make our farms more profitable.
What Indiana needs to put her farmers to
the front as dairy producers are cow6 and
creameries. We cannot expect to reach
the front in a day, week, month or year,
bnt time, cows, good butter and cheese,
will certainly put us there, and. the time
to commence to work is now, and strict
attention to the' details c i our business
will bring us certain success. This
Association deems it expedient and
proper "at .fiis time to call- attention lo
what this Association thinks is the best
way for the farmers of the State to engage
in the butter and cheese producing bnsiness. We advise that creameries should
*>« started by business farmers in localities where there will be guaranteed a sufficient number of cows to keep the creamery running and make the business profitable. The building should be built economically, costing not to exceed ten or fifteen hundred dollars, and the equipment
should be purchased from a firm of
known reliability as dealers in first class
dairy supplies. WhUe the building is being
erected liad out who are;dealers In dairy
supplies, correspond with all of them and
»nd let them know that, on a certain date,
your creamery will purchase, if prices and
equipment suit, their equipment at the
creamery and that you would be pleased
10 have them there with samples. You
*iU find that agents will be there with the
°«t of goods and that they want to sell,
thoroughly investigate all of the samples,
and all ihaeis ln*f avor.and then buy the best
recollect;that dairy suppUes have rough
Us>ge and that they must be strong, «jout,
and of a durable nature. TheExperiment
,, ,°at Lat»yette will, on application,
uralsh the address of reliable creamevy
"Pply houses.   It might be advisable for
^farmers in the vicinity of the  cream
« _■  to go into
h°ldet. and
first    class
«lp plan the building, select the equipment, and make the butter or cheese, as
"* «** may be, for a while, until they
i_«l«n°neof tneIr nnmber or some
forth       th6lr Ticlnity to do the work
article^',. KeeftbebuUdiD-? and every
».*___ . V*1**00? <*»n; cleanliness is
ine ',7^ necessary to successful dalry-
sm.H T8 . lectthatnoman can taste or
**olj*lT* that te*«s nis toddy,
of thTL 6WS tobacco °"r n<w the smell
^t,m_^0nhl8clotne3: it takes
t'^Uer or perfect taster to
°"-. butter maker.
fie wh1.1four breeds of d8lry co'"*
°*>«mwy» Ho_«. i T Ch00Se* Jerae*srS'
"aires    _..' f^'n-Freslans,  and  Ayr-
^orbut. brMd haa ^ friends. A
un'ess8h«.. ^f1*0868 ls not Profitable
'«t from h6,S8 ^Producing enough
ho*l*ed W^J? fflake *** le«* two
1* a% pounds of bntter a
*ould not keepa ^ R minm
the business as stock'
secure someone who^is a
dairyman    to     come "and
per-
per-
ute unless she could show herself capable:
of making that much butter, aud the way
to quickly approximate the butter capacity of a cow is by the chemical test. We
advise every farmer that has one or more
cows, to build a silo at once, and commence feeding silage as soon as it reaches
the feeding state, which is about thirty
days after being put in silo. With silage
we would advise that the cows be fed linseed oil, meal or ground oats, corn meal
and good, nice, bright oat straw or clover
hay. Without food and lots of it a dairy
cow cannot be made profitable. Use
pure spring or well water. Do not allow
your cows to drink out of puddles,
ditches or small streams; death and disease lurk in all such places. Keep the
cow up. Keep her warm. She does not
need much and she does not ask for much
exercise. Buy a Babcock H)ilk tester and
frequently test your cows for the purpose
of weeding out all unprofitable ones.
Raise your heifer calves until they -tre
old enough for you to make up your
mind whether or not they will prove
profitable if permitted to enjoy life.
When the creamery is ready for business buy Ithe milk or cream for the
amount of fat the-e is in it as shown by
the chemical test. Don't let any dishonest farmer or any other man persuade
you to buy or sell by the pound. By the
chemical test you get pay for the actual
amount of fat that you bring to the creamery."" Keep it in mind that in buying by
weight the dishonest man gets as much
money for his one hundred pounds of water as the honest man does for his one
hundred pounds of milk which may contain four or more pounds of fat.
We hope and trust. that this little address may be of some benefit to the farmers of ourJState and|that it may ,be in a
small degree the fore-runner of a great
industry in Indiana.
The Indiana Dairy Association.
but the city pays indirectly. That is they
pay the larger part of the expenses of the
postal service, and hence are entitled to
more privileges and benefits than small
towns and villages.
Plums drop off—Please tell me what
alls my plujns? After bloom drops the
little plum, not larger than a wheat kernel, with the stem, follows the example,
and scarce one in a 1000 remains to mature. J. O. McM.
The trouble with-the plum trees is probably tbat proper chances for cross fertilization are lacking. Some sorts, like wild
goose, will not bear very well, unless
otber sorts are near enough to supply pollen. In other words, they are not self fertilizing. Plums usually bear best' when
several varieties are planted in clumps, or
close together in rows.
Sftjc Ifarm.
year   .t, **-"•- fi%
year* we would Z
J. S. C, Fountain Co., asks as to harrowing wheat in the spring. I have tried
it three seasons and my experience is that
it is work for nothing. I have worked a
strip and left another one right through
the field.
In answer to H. K. W., North Vernon,
the time to deaden beech trees is just after
the full moon the last of May or first uf
June. Let the time the Moon fulls govern
tho beginning of his work.
Putnam Co. W. H. C.
We regret that you did not tell the effect of spring plowing on your wheat.
You must have noticed some difference
between the fcwo strips. Did the harrowed
| strip look the ..worse Ior the treatment?
As to deadening timber in the full moon:
have you tried deadening in the dark, as
well as the light, and the same year?
We'd rather risk, deadening in late July
or first hrslf of August in the dark of the
moon, than the time you recommend.-*
Eds.
•fifct.sv_ nn& &U8W&CS.
Give yonr name and addresa when asking questions. Many queries io unanswered lor (allure to
sbserve this rale.
Correspondents who desire an Immediate reply to
their queries-herald enclose stamp tor the purpose.
Reader, at Deputy:—The address you
a _. for ls Buck Creek.
When is the dark of the moon?    S. P.
The period between the old of the moon
or, the last quarter and the new moon, or
first quarter, is called dark of the moon.
Please  inform  me where  I  can learn
stationary engineering in this State.
A. C.
At Purdue University, our State Industrial College, Lafayette.
J. G. L:—Boone Co. asks for the experience of those who have tried commercial
fertilizers on corn. He also asks where he
can obtain the article and the best kind to
use.     .   .
All these questionable answered in a little pamphet issued*by Messrs.JRauh & Son,
this city, who will send a copy to any address on application.
Enclosed find a sample of beans that
W6re handed to me by a man who said
that they had bugs in • them. Please investigate and print result in your valuable paper. Subscriber.
Thorntown.
The beans are badly riddled with the
bean weevil. Do not plant any of tbem.
The beans ought to be thoroughly scalded
or burned, to prevent propagating the insects.
I want to ask another question about
free mall delivery in cities and corporations where mail is delivered, who pays
for It? Does the city or corporation, or
does the Government?
Jay Co. Old Subscriber.
The Government .paya for it directly,
Worlds' Fairs. How many Worlds'
Fairs have their been to date? Please
give date, country and city, total expenditures, total revenue received and the
amount appropriated by the oountry in
which each was held.        '
Please answer through your most excellent paper. P. C. D.
Union.
We bad to send this to the Universal
Knowledge and Information Bureau, New
York, a new and useful enterprise. They
reply:
London, 1851; area 21 acres; number
exhibitors, 13,937; days open, 141; receipts,
fl 780.000; visitors, 6,039,195.
Paris, 1855; area 24_. acres;exhibitors,
20,839; days, 200; receipts,f 644,100;visitors,
5,162,330. -
London, 1862; area23.4 acres;exhibitors,
28,653; days, 171; receipts, fl 614 260; visitors, 6,211,103.
Paris, 1867; area 37 acres; exhibitors, 50,-
226; days, 217; receipts, {2.103 675; visitors,
8,805,969.
Vienna, 1873; area 40 acres; exhibitors,
50,000; days, 186; receipts, fl 032 385; visitors, 6,740,500.        *
Phildelphia, 1876; area 60 acres; exhibitors, 30,964; days, 159; receipts, f3.813 724;
visitors, 10, 164,489.
Paris, 1878; area 60 acres; exhibitors,
40,366,; days, 194; receipts, f2 531.650; visitors, 16,032,725.
Paris, 1889; area 75 K acres; exhibitors,
55,000; days, 185; receipts, f8.300.000; visitors, 28,149,353.
Postal Oard Correspondence.
INDIANA.
Allen Co.—Roads muddy, wheat and
rye all right yet, but small on account of
dry weather in the fall; the freezing and
thawing was very hard on it; clover is
some injured by the frost, especially those
fields that were pastured too much;health
not good; stock doing well and feed •
plenty. . J. D. G.
Owen Co.—The wheat plant which got a
bad start last fall was well protected by
snow through January; February has not
been a hard month, on it, and during the
last few days warmth and rain-has brightened it up perceptibly; wheat that was
fertilized looks green; clover frozen out a
good deal; plenty of feed yet^ sugar making on hands; horses and cows cheap;
hogs in demand, many hogs were fatened
on "mast." A. B M.
Parke Co.—The growing wheat is generally small, but very little injured from
freezing and thawing as yet, it depends
greatly on the kind of weather we have
from now on; if there is much freezing
and thawing in this'month it may injure
it badly :.if Congress ^doesn't put its foot
on the Board of Trade it dosen't matter
whether -we make any wheat or not, more
than enough for bread*- feed is plentiful
and in good condition in this section of
country. H. C.
Grant Co.—A fine day this. Drained
land that is in sod will do well to plow;
much tile is being put in about here tbis
spring; wheat is suffering from night
freezing and daytime thawing; about an
average crop sown but every year sees
wheat got in on better prepared ground;
fewer stumps and more tile drains. I
want to know the best time in the year to
trim evergreen trees, such as the diflerent
kinds of pine, fir, arborvita, hemlock, eto.
Subscriber.
—Prune your evergreens any time In
May.
Posey Co.—The wheat prospect for this
county is at this time as good as at any
time since it was sown. The winter has
ih no way injured the growing crop, but
the prospect is not encouraging for a large
yield at the next harvest. The plant has
at no time been strong. The "stand" is
thin on the ground very generally. From
the outlook at this time I could not place
the present condition at more than 66 per
oent of last year's crop which was a large
one. A report, I am informed, has been'
given the McCormick Harvester Co. that
the present condition is 95 per cent of last
year's product in this county. Some? reports go out from observation from very
small areas from offlce windows under the
shadow of some mill, hence the difference. J. B. E.
Tile MIU Wanted.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
Knowing that news in the Indiana
Farmer reaches more homes than in
other papers, I wish to make some enquiry through your columns, hoping to
find the names of some reliable "Tile"
men, who wish to locate a good tile mill
in a very desirable place. The location is
nearly 6 miles east of Clean*", onL. N. A A
C, R. R., at Leipsic.
There is no better location in Indiana,
for a good tile mile. Correspondence from
mill pwners solicited.
John M. Habdman,
jtew york.
Genesee Co:—As you wished reports
from different sections in regard to prospects of the wheat crop,and a large quantity
of my new sorts are used by Indiana farmers for seed, I thought I would report on
our excellent prospects for a large crop in
this section. Wheat was a little backward
in the fall, but later the weather was very
moist and mild, holding favorabble for a
thrifty growth until a,fter Christmas, at
which time a heavy fall of snow
came with but very little frost in the
ground, which stayed until within a few
days past. After the thaw the wheat
locked as green and more stocky than in
the fall and now it is again covered with
7 inches of snow without any frost in th§
ground. This will undoubtedly carry it
safely through, and if so we think the outlook is rnost promising for a number one
crop, A. I. J.