VOL. XXIV.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND., DEO. 21,1889.
NO. 51
NEW YORK LETTEB.
Horse Meat for Sausages—The Egyptian
ObelleS—Faith Cure.
Special correspondence Indiana Farmer.
The unearthing ol a flourishing establishment jast outside of the city where
sausages are made by the wholesale out of
horseflesh has been a subj act of considerable interest here this week. It is the
only plaoe in the country where horses are
chopped np, and turned into bologna sausages to be sold on the market to those
who delight in that sort of meat. Henry
Meyer, the innocent manufacturer of the
horse meat sausages, won a medal for pork
sausages in the Hamburg Exposition, In
1888, after which he came te this country
to make an experiment. He located himself in Chicago, and bought up old broken-
down horses for small sums, which he
soon converted into bolognas. The busi
ness was an entirely new one, and he had
no competition. He exported all of his
meat to Europe, but he soon found that
the heavy transportation rates from Chicago to the seaboard wero eating up his
profits. Tien he decided to oome to
Brooklyn, where he soon put up a large
establishment. The horse meat whioh
he buys ls very lean, and so he mixes it
about half and half with lard in making
the sausages. The horses cost him about
$6 and f 10 apiece at the horse market in
Nsw York. Ba long aa the manufacturer
__-_.. does not use unhealthy meat, there is no.
law In this S sate whioh oan stop him from
making sausages out of horses, and the
sausage meat mills still go, grinding out
daily large quantities of nice looking bolognas. The discovery of the establishment, however, had the effect of making
the demand for sausages deoline rapidly
in the markets. E reryone that eats sausage now thinks of horse meat, and they
cannot relish their meal. Moat of the bo
logna sausages made here are exported to
Italy, where there is a big demand for
them. Horse meat is used there quite extensively by tho manufacturers of sausages, although it is against the law. Of
late years the authorities have been
alarmed at the number of bolognas shipped from this country to different Italian
oltles, and the suspicion has been circulated more than onoe that horse flesh was
' used in this oountry for that purpose.
The unearthing of the Brooklyn establishment is the first discovery, however, oi
any such business in the United States.
THE EaTPXIAN OBELISK.
High npon a mound, overlooking one
of the prettiest spots in Central Park, the
Id Ejfyptlan obelisk, with its formld
able array of hieroglyphics decorating its
four sides, stands as a sort of connecting
link between the past and present. Ylsi
tors to the Park might well say with deep
awe as they pass the monument, ''From
yonder height 40 centures look down upon
us." The queer looking pictures and
marks carved in the hard stone tell stories
of Egypt's great past, whioh to the peoplt
of the present generation are of great importance in view of the reoent discoveries
made ln Egypt. But the cbalisk has given
great trouble to the city authorities,
ever since it left its Egyptian
home. After being carried to its resting plaoe, and erected on the mound made
for it, it was generally supposed that all
* trouble with it would end there. Bat the
change of climate was too mnch for lt.
The stone began to chip off in pieces, the
hierogylyphics became defaced, and utter
ruin to the monument was threatened.
Efforts were made to preserve the obelisk.
It was finally decided to coat it over with
paraffine. This was done, and for a few
years the stone was preserved. Bat now
the scaling off has begun again, and the
\ authorities are In trouble again. Tnreeor
\ four professors in the Academy of Science
\    have been ordered to examine the monu-
ment, and report as to the best practical
method of preserving the stone. If something effective is not done soon the hieroglyphics will be entirely obliterated in a
few years. Already some of them are not
decipherable without the aid of the key
which was made when the obelisk was
first brought over.
FAITH CUBE.
Faith cure Is* gettting such a hold on
certain classes of people ln this oountry
that law now and then has to step in to
prevent them from going too far. A msra
or woman that believes faith will cure
him or her from any severe sickness
should be allowed to do as they please
about taking medicine; but when they
come to force their doctrines and practices upon others lt is time the law should
Interfere. TaeFalthCareSooietyinBrook-
lynhas so many faithful devotees that
doctors' fees are falling ofl rapidly. The
doctors have sent a report to the Health
Department, in whioh they say that the
Faith Cure Society is doing a great deal of
harm, and is endangering puDlio health.
Last week a faith ourist was arrested for
refusing to have doctors for his wife and
child who were suffering from scarlet fever. He believed that they oould be cured
by faith, and he would not listen to their
entreaties to have medical aid. Another
case has been brought to light in which
the medicine prescribed by the doctor was
not given by the faith curiatto his daughter, who , was jslok-Jtrom... diphtheria. The
man called the doctor in only because it
waa compulsory by law; but he did not
intend to do anything that he was advised
to by the medical man. Every man is at
liberty to believe in faith oure, but when
they endanger the lives and freedom of
others they should be suppressed somewhat in their zeal. Stigma.
Interesting   Letter   from   Washington
State.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
Thinking possibly the Fabmeb readers
might like some reliable information from
the most northwestern portion of the most
Northwestern State. I send you the following:
When Horace Oreely gave the advice
that has now beoome a historical maxim
it is doubtful whether the sage comprehended the extent of his geography. The
amount of real estate west of the Mississippi river—when traversed at the modest
speed of 30 mile per hour is as well calculated to inspire a feeling of immortality,
as any material object brought to the
senses. That portion of our Uncle Samuel's estate east of the river aforesaid, is
as a garden to the farmer, when placed in
comparison with his western ranch; and
such productive capabilities as all tbe
earth might envy! Take this newly admitted State of Washington, hardly the
one-fourth of the extension reoently added
to the National inclosure, and its resources
equal the wants of the ordinary government. Within its confines are grown all
common cereals, of a most superior quality, vegetation is at home with utmost
ease, while frails are beyond belief in
quantity and variety.
This little olty is divided into four parts,
or rather four towns ln name are in faot
one city, with a frontage on Bellingham
bay of three miles, and an aggregate population of 5,000 people, where 12
months ago less than 1,000 oould be found,
counting the "Eluchman." For the ben-
efit'of those not knowing I will explain.
"Kluchman" is the name applied to the
Canadian Frenchman who came here ln
times past and married an Indian wife. In
the language of one of the local celebrities,
"the Kluohman has been a very handy
man" in civilizing and mongrallzlng the
west shore Indians. People are coming
here by boat loads and speculation is very
high. There is mnch going forward in
the way of publio buildings, streets and
railroad making. The streets are Improved in this manner: The trees,
stumps and debris are removed and a
grade is leveled; then,on either side ls laid
a sidewalk eight feet in width. The central space ls then covered with the same
kind of material as the sidewalks, namely,
cedar timbers f oar inches thick and twelve
inches wide, the length usually ot the
streets width. These are laid as closely as
a ltera floor aod spiked to sleepers or
stringers; when the street ls completed.
It Is estimated these streets will last eight
to ten years; the Bldewalks much longer.
The lumber does not decay, itcf coarse
wears out by friction. It is hardly necessary to add that timber ls very fine and
exists in great quantity. I have seen a
stick 28 inches square and 164 feet long.
A gentleman familiar with the woods informed me that thia particular Btick was
not taken from an uncommonly tall or
large tree, and oould be easily duplicated.
I believe I have myself seen trees that, if
felled at the intersection ot Pennsylvania
and Market streets, in Indianapolis, would
reaoh as far as Dilaware street, and they
grow very thick on the ground. There
are no tops, and all grow straight toward
the Meredian, hence they are numerous.
The great difficulty is in clearing ground.
It requires a vast amount of labor to cut
the timber from an acre, and when the
treB is removed the husbandman has a
stump that will bs firm and free from decay when th"). sprig from the root has
grown into another tree, no less than the
original. Indeed, the only way is to use
powder, and a considerable quantity is
required. The foreman of the men engaged by the railroad company, in clearing their right of way, told me that 25
pounds of giant powder was required to
the stump, on an average, but he also
added, many stumps required 50 pounds
before quitting possession. Bat when
stumps are onoe removed the soil is of the
finest and mest fertile character, prodao
ing anything. The seasons are not favor
able to corn, the cool nights blighting it,
but wheat, oats, hay, rye and barley are
produced in enormous quantities and the
most superior quality. Vegetables are fine,
potatoes, carrots, beets, beans, onions,
cabbage,?, etc., growing very large and
with little cultivation; potatoes are espeo
lally productive, yielding two, three and
even four hundred bushels to the acre.
In respect to fruit, all varieties, except
purely tropical fruits, flourish and are ol
rioh flavor. I saw an apple that measured
IS inohes round and weighed 20 ounces.
It was not considered good enough to take
to the horticultural display either.
Silver prunes grow and make large
yields. They attain the slza of an egg.
Peaohes large as Indiana's biggest apples,
pears full of flavor and delicacy, cherries
large as plums, gooseberries like crab apples, and strawberries 12 to a quart measure; plums, apricots, quinces, in fine,
everything In proportion. Snoh a thing
as any frnit being injnred by insects of
any kind is utterly unknown. The same
may be said of vegetables generally. The
farmer and horticulturist of Paglt Sound
region Is not bothered by any cabbage
bug, potato bug, cat worm or curculio.
He "plants Appollo waters, and Ood gives
an Increase," as regularly as the seasons
come and go.
He finds a ready market at home at fig-
urea that pay him well, and with 40 aores
of land can live at ease and in independence. He is not worried about drouth or
rain. He rarely needs, and but seldom
provides a oellar. It does not get cold
enough to inj are his stock or spoil his
vegetables. It does not grow warm
enough to require the use ot a sunshade or
a fly net. It does not get so dry as to require irrigation. The water he drinks
comes from the melting snow, and winter
and summer do not change ita tempera
ture. If he ls removed from a stream he
has but to dig 10 or 20 feat when he Is rewarded with the fullest fl > w of purest
crystal. The nearest stream will yield him
the choicest fish; the nearest pond, duck;
the olosest jangle, game—deer, roe,rabbit,
grouse, partridge, quail or sage hen.
The topographical features of the oountry are remarkably pretty. The ground
rites gradually from the waters toward
the Eist, till the Cascade mountains are
reached. From this city the elevation is
for the first three miles 100 feet, per mile.
At three miles from the waters of Bellingham bay, and the same dlatanoe from the
city, Lake Whatoom lies 13 miles long by
two miles wide, clear as a mirror and oold
as the melting snow,by whioh It Is constantly replenished, coming from Mount Baker
50 miles to the east. Towering 10,500 feet
above the tide, this mountain presents
himself a majestic sentinel in eternal
white. The city looks down and out upon
the blue of the bay and up aorcss the crystal of the mountain. Oa clear days the
upper Cascades of British Columbia are
plainly dlsoernable. From Like Whatcom just mentioned, a system ot water
works is now being put into this city, and
is almost completed. There are two railroads building, whioh will fglve a transcontinental railway connection with the
East by the expiration of another year,
and then the distance from Japan to New
York will be 600 miles shorter by this
route than it now is. O' this however another time. S. M. Bkuojj.
Whatcom, Washington.
The Law as to Flsh in Lakes, Running
Streams, etc.
Editors Indiana Farmer: ,
1. D,ies the fish law of Indiana refer to
small streams running through a man's
farm, or to ponds of his own make?
2 If so, has the L?_cislature the right
to make laws which interfere with the
rights that a farmer has purchased and
paid for? N. C.
Mulberry.
Col. W. T. Dennis, commlasloner, Rlohmond, answers as follows:
1. The act of March 5, 1889, in section
one, provides, "or whoever shall at any
time, of any year, take trom the lakes,
rivers or small streams of this State, eto."
It will be seen therefore that the law
makes no exception on account of the size
of the stream, or the ownership of the
ooat'gaous lands. The theory is that the
S»te, by the right of "E alnent Domain,"
pot-Besses and haa the legal right to control the waters of the lakes and running
streams therein, and while au individual
may own in "fee simple" the land, yet he
does not own the running water whioh
passes from farm to farm, nor the fish
whioh are ln the water.
Private ponds do not oome under this
head and are private property as muoh as
the garden or truck patch. This is reoog-
nlz3d by the last paragraph of the eecond
section in reference to the possession of
seines, which provides "this section shall
not apply to pjrsous who may have suoh
nets or seines wholly for use in the St.
Joseph river, or in private ponds."
To this broad question I unhesitatingly
answer, no! Bat would say In explanation that no "farmer ever purohased and
paid for" a right that did not exist. The
right or privilege to do an unlawful aot
oannot be purohased or paid for as in the
very nature of things it oannot be transferred.
Mr. C, while he may own the land, yet
he does not own the running water, altho'
he has the right to use it in passing
through his grounds. He does not own
the fish in the water, but he has the right
to capture them ia a lawf al manner. "A
private pond" is not technically a "lake,"
a "river" or a "small stream," and Is,
therefore, not within the scope ot the law,
but is, as I have before stated, private
property. '