Vol. XI
INDIMAPOUS, DTOIAHA, SEPTEMBER 30,1876.
No. 39.
EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT.
PERSONALS.
Persons in any part of the state seeking the address or attention of parties in other portions of the
state or country should make inquiry In this department
Lost, Strayed or Stolen.    .
No better medium could be selected than this department of the Faekeb for the recovery of stock.
Tell your neighbor of it when you hear of the loss
of his stock.
Ten cents per line,, and no advertisement for less
than 25 cents.
FOR  SALE.
FOR SALE.—Berkshire pigs, from three (3) to four
months ol<1;   warranted pure bred.. Address
James Ilaslet, Camden, Carroll County, Ind.
... .   b.9—3wks.
FOR SALE—Only no each for pure Berkshires,
either sex, large enough to breed, (and fn>m S.
Meredith's registered stoi k.) A great bargain, and
cheap, sound and healthy and warranted to give
satisfaction. A.C. HaRVEY,
39-3w Lafayet.e, Ind.
FOR SALE—FINE STOCK.- The undesigned
will sell at Public Sale, on Wednesday, i iciober
18,1876, at his farm 4 miles northwest of Darlington
on the Logansport, CrawfJTdsville & Southwestern
Railway, &• ntgomery count-, Indiana, he following stock: My uerd of thirty head short-horn c ttle,
consisting ol five ulls, cows and heifers. 100 full
blood Poland China hogs, weighing from 100 to SOO
lbs. each. Thirty-nine Lead Cots*old sheep, bucks
and ewes. Fjr further information, addre-s me at
Darlington.   -WILSON HUNT. 39-8W
MONET LOANS.
TO LOAN—J5O0O0O—in sums of 81.000 and upward, on well-Improved Farms in any county
in the State. Time, three o five years. Interest ten
per cent.,payable semi annually at the end of every
six months. Commission five per cent Money
furnished in five days alter examination of property, and abstract and appraisement is made. In
writing give number of acres clea-ed and in cultivation, kind of house and barn and value. Address W. A. Bradshaw, State i-aviugs Bank, No. 56 N.
Pennsylvania St., Indianapolis. 34-tf
WASTED,
WANTED—A reader of the. Farmer wishes to
•pbtain copies of "The Hog," by H. W. Ellsworth and Charles Loring, by Dr. T. A. Bland. Any
'one having these books for sale will please send ad-
-dress and price to this office.
38_tf INDIANA FARM BR.
ANNOUNCEMENT.
CLASSES in SHORT-HAND commence the first
of each week at the Indianapolis Business College, Bates Block, opposite P. O. Lemma given by
moil. For terms, etc., call at College, or address,
with stamp, C. E. Joslin, Indianapolis Business College. . 38 3w
MISCELLANEOUS.
FOR TRADE—I wish to exchange a thoroughbred, Soulhdown Buck, out of 8. Meredith A
Son's imported stock for one of the same kind but
of different strain.   S K FLETCHER. ""-•'
36-tf
STOCK NOTES.
Messrs. A. D. Kern & Bro., of Clinton
county, carried off a number, of premiums at the Lafayette, Lebanon, and
Thorntown fairs, on their sheep.
J. W. Bean and Robinson
Bros, hold a joint sale of Short-horns at
the residence of J. W. Bean, near Winchester, Ky., on the llth of October. The
offering embraces representatives of the
best strains, among them some valuable
bulls. In the herds are several that have
won prizes. Y
LIVESTOCK IN INDIANA for 1876.
,The returns to the Auditor of State
made up from the assessors statistics of
the various counties are not yet complete.
It is to be regretted that some counties neglect these important statistics. Not quite
%our-fifths of the counties have made
these reports, but estimating those not
reported on the basis of those which
have, it will give very nearly an accurate
statement, and we have the following:
Number of Horses in 1876 Y..478.860
Mules        "    59.-MI
Cattle        "    -932,552
" Sheep       "    .8l»,020
 ■   m   ■	
THE H00 CHOP OF INDIANA FOB
1876.
The assessor's statistical reports for
1876, made up by the auditors of the various counties of the State, and forwarded
to the Auditor of State, show a falling off
of the hog crop as compared with last
year. As usual, the counties are not all
reported by the assessors, or county audi-
•jtors, andwhere theresare- omissions of
' this kind, we give the reports given in
these counties last year. The reports
thus show the following as the hog crop
for 1876, as compared with previous years:
Total hog crop in 1876, 2,150,635
'      * "     " "   1875, 2408,637
".' Y-.  .. :    "      "   '"'    "   1874, 2,8S3,654    ,
•.3-   This shows a considerable falling off
'j?from last year and the previous one.
jo.a.h.±s.   i^tjet.-1*^.j--3:jvi^a.*s=*.
■J:
*  T
OTTR ILLUSTRATION.
'.- On this page we give an'mueiravion of
the very popular dark Brahma fowls. A
celebrated English breeder urges that the
dark Brahmas should never be crossed
with other fowls, as the cross has never
given good satisfaction. These fowls
when properly treated are great layers.
They begin laying . at about six months
old, and will lay all winter., They are
also celebrated* for the juicy richness of
their flesh, and are in every way a desirable and profitable fowl.
m   ^   .	
H. Clay Hutchcraft and Thos Cor-
win (deceased) & Son will offer their finely bred Short-homs, composed of the
best and well-known families, near Paris,
Ky., on the 18th of October.
-.- ■—:—i • i ——
The Short-horn stock interests are
gaining rapidly on the Kansas prairies.
Many fine animals are still going there
this season, and it won't be long till Kansas will attract large attention with her
fine stock. :
AMONG   THE   SHORTHORNS
RUSH COUNTY, INDIANA.
OF
Editors Indiana Farmer.—In my last
communication I promised you another
article to finish up the Short-horns of
Bush county. I am now ready to redeem that promise, and I may in future
articles write up the herds of Shelby,
Johnson and Henry counties. I will do
so if I can during this fall_ and winter.
The herds of all those counties are chiefly
in the hands of young breeders, therefore
they deserve a notice to encourage them
in their enterprise.   I notice the
HERD OF  HENRY ARMS,
in Bush county. He has a large and
very productive farm in a fine state of
cultivation; fine poplar and sugar tree
land, good buildings, fine barn, and every
thing in good trim. All the important
roads in Bush county are good pikes,
which speaks well for the enterprise and
public spirit of its citizens. Mr. Arms is
a very clever gentleman. His herd consists of about 6 to 8 females of good individual merit. He is raising chiefly to
stock his farm with good steers. His
herd is headed by Duke Alexis 13854,
bred by Mr. J. S. Owlsey, of Kentucky.
The Duke is a very square, blocky animal and a fine getter, as proven by his
calves on the farm.
Next we notice
MR. HODGE, NEAR HOMER,
in sight of Mr. G. W. Thomas, of whom I
wrote in my last article, and where I saw
the largest yield of hay I ever saw anywhere. Mr. Hodge is a very clever man
as I can attest. On the day we were in
his neighborhood, we wanted to make a
certain train on the Junction road.
Mr. Hodge happening along that way
took us up in his spring-wagon and drove
us to the depot, some four miles, for
which we weie very thankful. I speak
of this to show  the  accommodation of
.  ¥..-,■'.i'''\f .,:■ v.-.--;.;;.. r^f:,?.,■ H-r____*z_?>.'.;f. JV>",1>%.* ■',■• *v*v»n'*'
such men, and will not fLrget our friend
for theservice   rendered.   He too has a
good order. He has commenced a small
herd of good cattle, with a fine young
bull at tbe head, bought in Hendri'-ks
county, a thoroughbred animal. One
thing is noticeable in all these herds, viz:
they aim at individual merit in the animals, and not so much at fancy pedigree
as to a well-formed, good animal, with a
good plain pedigree. This I think to be
the true policy for the mass of our farmers, and I am glad to see it manifested
all over the country. It must be apparent to all that those fancy pedigrees and
high prices are not what the common
farmer needs. But few of the fine pedigreed animals have individual merit with
those of good plain pedigree. It is a good
animal we want and not a fancy pedigree
instead, which is too often the case.
Next we visited
MRYRIGSBY,
a few miles, north of Homer. We found
him at home, and ajvery fine old gentleman. He has a few well-bred cows and
heifers, of good form and color, and at
the head of the herd is a large substantial bull for steer breeding, bred by Mr.
Jenkins of Petersburg, Ky., and he takes
nice care of his cattle and shows extra
neatness about his farm and barn. This
latter is swept up as clean as a house
floor, and everything is in its place. His
farm tools are not out in the weather,
but up in the dry, as they should be.. ,
Near Mr. Bigsby we found
MR. BARNARD,
on Little Blue Biver, living at home, as
we often say, and so it is in his case, judging from the appearance of things about
him. He too has a small herd of good
pedigreed Short-horns and a good bull.
He is breeding chiefly for farm purposes,
though he occasionally supplies his
neighbors with a good bull calf, or a heifer or two.
Your many readers can see that this
county realizes the importance of growing better stock, and it is paying them all
the time. My next article will be on
Shelby county Short-horns. There is every reason to believe that the farmers of
Eastern Indiana will keep up_ to the
times in all improvements. This I am
proud to notice. The Indiana Farmer
has done much to bring about this state
of affairs. W. W. Thrasher.
Groves, Ind., Sept 21st.
.1,
mineral part of these roots, however; is
such as to explain further how their consumption by the sheep helps the growth
of wool. Without a certain quantity of
yolk there can be no good wool. It is
unnecessary to do more than state this
fact, so well known. We havo seen that
the basis ofthe yolk is potash; this being
combined with a portion of the oil to
form a sort of soap which is soluble in
water. The mineral portion of these
roots consists of the following substances,
viz: ■.-...■
COMPOSITION OF THE ASH OF CERTAIN ROOTS.
w     oa      t?«    m      ha      GR
V.    Cj
o
i
(a
w
B
n
tr
3
b
T
8
o
e
j i
if
o
a
n
B
a
>
a.
B
Sugar beets „
49.4
10.0
8.9
6.8
I4.S
4.7
3.5
20
Mang-els	
5S1
148
M
4 6
9.6 3 3
3 3 6.6
Rutabagas v....	
512
6.7 2.6
9.7
15.3,8.1
0.5 5.1
White turnfps	
50.0
3.8; 21
18.4
17.4; 6.0
1.16.4
VALUJ^OF ROOTS AS FODDER FOR
yyri I^L^-J-'HFiEI^
Thi composition of"wool "when' freed?
from yolk, is as follows:
COMPOSITION OF PURE WOOL.
Per cent.
Carbon 49.25
nydrogen 757
Nitrogen 15 86
Sulphur _ 3.66
Oxygen ...23.66
Total .10o!o0
The yolk, or "suint," is also almost entirely free from phosphorus, containing
only a mere trace of it in combination
with potash and other alkalies; the composition of its ash or mineral part being
as follows:
COMPOSITION OF THE ASH OR SOLID PART OP
YOLK OR WOOL.
Carbonate ofpotafslum 86.78
Chloride of potassium 6.18
Sulphate of poUssium 2.83
Other substances, consisting of phosphate
and alumlno-sillcate of potash and lime,
magnesia, and oxides of Iron and manganese 4.21
Total 100.00
' This, then, being the character both of
wool and the yolk—which accompanying
secretion to a certain extent is absolutely
necessary to the growth and preservation of wool, and may_ well betaken to be
a part of it—the question naturally arises,
How is it, then, that roots are so necessary to the welfare ofthe sheep, and what
have the phosphates which are needed
for their growth to do with the sheep? A
full reply to these questions would lead
us at once into the whole field of animal
and vegetable physiology and agricultural chemistry; permit me, therefore, in a
few words, to state a few facts that are
absolutely well based, and universally accepted.
First—Boots consist of a mixture of
eighty to ninety parts of water with ten
to. twenty parts of solid matter in the
hundred; a mechanical combination remarkably well adapted for their proper
mastication, rumination, and digestion
by the sheep; and one that has been
found in practice to be remarkably healthful.
Second—The composition of the roots
usually fed to sheep is such as to make
them a very nutritious feed. The composition may be given as follows, viz.:
TABLE    OF   THE   NUTRITIVE    ELEMENTS   OF
SOME ROOTS USUALLY FED TO SHEEP, IN
100 PARTS. .
Important to Farmeri anil Stock Men
In using the Champion Donble Hog Ring,
should dirt accumulate on top the nose, insert
the ring so that cross bar comes in front Of
nose and not on top. Many farmers rise the
ring with bar in front altogether, and it gives
universal satisfaction.- Insert the Champion
Double Ring carefully, and you will find that
it is all that is claimed for it.      39—8wks.
As the rain falls* impartially on the-
just' and the unjustj so. the pale" moonbeams, that lend inspiration to the lovers'
vows, creep through the cracks in a henhouse and show the midnight naturalist
where the best pullet is roosting.
This table is very instructive. Is shows
that it is the potash and 'the sulphur of
the root which help the growth of the
wool more than the phosphoric acid,
which is all needed to form bone, while
potash is found nowhere else in theshecp
than in the yolk; nor sulphur, than in the
wool, to any notable extent. Beside-i
this, it shows why phosphate of lime is a
necessary fertilizer for the roots; this substance being very rare in soil, while potash is plentiful, and, unlees.the rare substance is supplied, of course the plant
cannot grow so as to take up those which
are plentiful.
b'ourth. In conclusion, it has .been
found that roots grown rrith a superabundant manuring of superphosphate
are unwholesome for sheep—more especially forin-lamb ewes, which abort
and lose their-lambs to a great extent in
flocks fed upon such roots. This has not
been noticed in this country, nor have I
ever found any danger in this way from
feeding roots, to a moderate extent, with
other food; but it has been extensively
noted in England, where farmers use su-
mor^iFemlTyiBart1^ TiW^COPft^j«ftl»-
ence of Wool Bulletin.
east, and penetrate all portions of tbe
State, insuring rapid and cheap transportation and giving it the largest area of
rich Valley agricultural land of any Slate
in the Union.
The capital stock, premises, machinery
and all tools, materials or other property
directly pertaining to the conduct of manufacturing or mining business, together
with the products of such factory or mine,
while in the possession of tho original
manufacturer or miner, is exempt from
taxation.
All things considered, there can be no
better unoccupield field in the United
Stated for the establishment of cotton and
woolen mills and other manufactories
than Northwestern Arkansas.
Conway.
Springfield, Ark., Sept. 1876.
NEWS  OF  THE   WEEK.
State News.
FROM ARKANSAS.
Manufacturing Materials—Water Power—Factories and Mines Exempt
from Taxation—Inducements
to Immigrants—Etc., Etc.
Sugar beets 	
Mangels	
Rutauagas	
Yellow Aberdeen turnips..
White globe turnips	
3
>
m3
*$[
M
*>2
$E
a o
\
Bo
o'er
: g
:  S1
: 3
: 2
-
•   -t
81.85
1.00
15.40
i,m
87.78
1.54
8.6<]
1.12
89.40
1.44
5.93
2.54
9(1.5'
1.S0
4.64
2.34
90 43
1.14
2.96
2.00
H
: &
• K
:  *-*
i?
* J1
: o
0.80
092
066
0.62
These elements are exactly such and in
somewhat the same proportion as are
contained in flesh, blood, and wool, and
are, therefore, nutritious as well as, as before seen, digestible. Being, therefore,
both nutritious and digestible, when fed
in proper proportions with other food,
they are highly productive of a robust
health and rapid growth, conditions
which every wool-grower and manufacturer knows to be absolutely necessary to
the production of sound and perfect wool,
as well as of a heavy fleece.
Third.—The composition of the ash, or
To the Editors of The Indiana Farmer:
In a fertile and productive country, no
great community can be long or greatly
prosperous, unless it has the disposition
and ability to supply most of its wants.
The example of England Germany conclusively show that the Nation or State
that utilizes all its forces, and encourages
the employment of every human faculty,
is the one which becomes the most wealthy
and powerful; while the example of Turkey and Persia shows that Nations that
engage in one pursuit, only to the comparative neglect of all others, do not have
a flourishing growth, -and are not capable
of resisting adversity.
The people of a State should so direct
their employments that success would
not be contingent upon a beautiful
harvest of a single crop. They should
establish and stimulate manufactures,
open and develop mines, and diversify
their avocations.
Previous to the war the Southern States,
by directing all their energies to the production of cotton and sugar, and neglecting the grain crops, had to look to the
north almost entirely for breadstuffs. But
during the last few years have been aiming to produce most of their food supplies,
and, as a result, they are becoming more
prosperous than ever before,
There are no lean horses or pigs to be
seen in. north-western Arkansas. Corn
and wheat are plenty; corn is worth from
20 to 30 cents per bushel, and wheat from
60 cents to $1 per bushel, and all other
grains, grasses, vegetables and fruits are
abundant and cheap.
Arkansas has all the elements necessary to maintain manufacturing towns all
through it, and is able to sustain the producer and consumer, side by side. It has
abundant water power, extensive coal
fields and illimitable quantities of raw
material entering into the thousand manufactured products suited to the wants of
a civilized people. If it will put forth ita
hand, it can successfully compete with
either Old or New England in tne manufacture of many articles for which money
is now sent abroad. Valuable forests of
the best of timber used in mechanical industry are to be found all over the State,
and will furnish material for agricultural
implements, furniture, wagons and the
various other uses for which timber is
employed. In all parts of the State are
metals and minerals. Arkansas has over
three thousand miles of navigable rivers,
and about one thousand miles of railroads
completed and more being constructed.
The rivers flow from north-west to soutb-
The State Fair opened on Monday last.
There were forty-two deaths in this city last
week.
One night last week the piisoners, six in
number, in the Howard county jail made their
escape.
Less than 14,500 sheep in Parke connty
produced over 50,000 pounds of wool thiuyear.
Parke conn 'y has more than $200,000 invested
in bridges, covered superstructures resting on
abutments and piers.  ,
The Auditor of State is preparing blanks to
be sent out Monday next, lor taking a census
of the State which the law requires every Bix
years.   It will be completed January 1, 1877.
_Mr. M. Atkinson, near Logansport was
killed by the kick of a horse on Monday last.
_ On Saturday last the residence of Wm. Cut-
singer near Edinburg was destroyed by fire.
Loss $7,000.   No insurance.
A shock of earthquake was felt at Worthing-
toa on the morning of the 25th.
A coal-boat went down while attempting to
make the fall of the Ohio at Jeflersonville
Saturday.' Total loss.
Jacob Kxugar, a saoaier ana naru«»5-iuok«-
of Rockport, after behaving strangely for sev- '
eral days, finally disappeared and has not since
been heard of.
A man named Stewart had his leg broken at
ihe county fair at Anderson, Friday, in a
stampede occasioned by a blind race-horse
flying the track.
Two successive and heavy shocks of earthquake were felt at Evansville, Sunday night
last. It aroused sleepers from their beds so
distinctly was it felt.
Rev. W. L. Huffman, of Peru, has a valuable relic in the form of a Bible printed in 1698
and presented to him by the widow of Simon
Kenton, the pioneer companion of- Daniel
Boone, who was born in 1775, and ■ died in
Logan county, Ohio, 1835. Mr. Huffman came
into possession of the book in 1841.
General News.
last
A number of persons were drowned
week by a flood in Forest county, Pa.
Boss Tweed will probably be landed in New
York the coming week.
The Indians have signed a treaty ceding the
Black Hills country to the Government.
About 89,000 people visited the Centennial
on Saturday last.
Yellow fever still rages at Savannah. Ga.,
with fatal effect.
Six hundred cases of yellow fever are reported to exht at Brunswick, La., and frightful destitution.
The Northfield (Minn.) bank robbers who
were pursued by the citiiens of the community were surrounded in the swamps and
captured.
Col, W. A Moore, Secretary of the Vermillion Orange store at Danville, 111., left his
home to go to Champaign, on business, on
the 2nd of September, since which time he
has not been heard from.
The large number of frame shanties which
were erected close to the Centennial grounds
have been torn down by the Philadelphia authorities. Being but tinder boxes, fear existed for the safety of the exhibition buildings in
case of fire.
A reef of rock in New York harbor at a
point known as Htell Gate, which greatly obstructed navigation, was blown up on Sunday
last, clearing the channel of obstructisn. Contrary to expectation no damage resulted to
person or property from the tremendous blast
of dynamite used.
Some farmers in the vicinity of Secor are
meeting with heavy losses by their hogs dying with the cholera. Ayers A. Whittaker
has lost a large number, and Morgan Hammers about 300 head, aud others large numbers. Most of the farmers appear to think
that it is not the regular cholera, it being
something they have never seen anything
like heretofore. The hogs' head and necks
swell up, and in some cases their legs, and in
this way they linger along for eight or ten
days before they die.
Rbv. Kdwaed Abbott has in preparation a
series of books for young folks. They will be
warmly welcomed by all who are familiar
with the peculiar gifts of his pen, and especially as a grateful change from the highly sensational literature on which the juvenile mind
has been accustomed to feed. The books will ^
combine practical instruction and entertainment, somewhat after the character of the '
famous "Rollo" and "Franconia" storiee of
his father. The first volume will be published about the first of October.
.'*m^.:z, "•:'■.':-<*.:•'i>--o.*r.-