.'. ->, u       /
Vol. XI.
INDIMAPOUS, INDIANA, SEPTEMBER 16,1876.
No. 37.
EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT.
PERSONALS.
Persons in any part of the state seeking the address or attention of parties in other portions of the
state or country should make inquiry in this department
Lost, Strayed or Stolen.
No better medium could be selected than this department of the FjJiMEB. for the recovery of stock.
TeU your neighbor of it -when you hear of Uie loss
of his stock.
Ten cents per line, and no advertisement for le*»
than 25 cents.
FOR BALE.
EOR SALE—Choice Partridge Cochins suitable
for exhihjtion at any county fair, at 15, per
pair.   Geo.'Vestal, Cambridge City, Ind. S7-2W
EOR SALS—800 acres farm lands, very cheap,250
acres in com and meadow, etc., the balance
well set blue grass pasture land, well watered in
every part, and good, dry, rolling land: some parts
a little broken A splendid body of Fine Timber
(Over 1,600 fine oak and poplar trees alone being
counted on it). This timber alone If marketed
would more than pay for the whole tract. Location—On the I. A St. L. Railroad near two other
Railroads and midway between the four great
cities of the west, with good railroad facilities to
each—in Putnam county, Ind., the finest grass and
stock county in the State. The advantages of such
a location over the far west must be clear to all.
This property was recently appraised at S50 per acre,
but to secure a speedy sale, it is now offeree! at from
J22 to S25 per acre, less than half its appraised value.
For particulars address Col. C. C. MATSON,
34-4w Greencastle, Ind.
MONET LOANS.
TO LOAN—tSOO.OOO—in sums of $1,000 and upward, on well-improved Farms in any county
in the State. Time, three i o five years. Interest ten
per cent., payable semi annually at the end of every
six months. Commission five per cent. Money
furnished in five days after examination of property, and abstract and appraisement is made. In
writing give number of acres cleared and in cultivation, kind of house and barn and value. Address W. A. Bradshaw, No. 16 Bates Block, Indianap- •
oils. 34-tf
WAKTED.
**fTTANTED—To buy fity to seventy-five good
VV   Cotswold or Leicester ewes.   Address, Luther
Johnson Woodbank, Marion county, Ind.      34-4t
MISCE-LIsAHEOUS.
"CI OR TRADE—I wish to exchange a thorough-
JJ bred, Southdown Buck, out of 8. Meredith A
Son's imported stock for one of the same kind but
of different strain.   8. K FLETCHER. 36-tf
STOCK NOTES.
An importation of Yorkshire Hogs will
be on exhibition at the coming State Fair.
* .
Red Cloud will trot at the State Fair
races against other noted trotters.
There are many of the finest horses in
America at the Centennial stock exhibition.
Eight States will be represented by
lire stock at the coming State Fair.
When a horse is quite hot he should
not be permitted to drink all the water
he wants at once; a half pail full at short
intervals is the safer way to water, on
such occasions.
Prof. Brown, of the Ontario School of
Agriculture, is in.the north of Scotland
buying some choice stock for th'e model
farm attached to the. school.      -• •  -
The Indiana State Fair and Exposition
will. commence September 25th. The
State Fair including the Live Stock Show
will close September 30th arid' the Exposition October 18th, 1876.
A farmer in Champaign county 111.,
states that of all the remedies recommended and used for hog cholera,
salt and wood ashes-have proven themost
successful in that state.
SHEEP KILLED BY DOGS.
Facts move men and legislatures when
brought to public attention. Now, if
some one in each county of the State
would collect the statistics regarding the
destruction of Sheep by the dogs, and in
this way show the value of this loss, and
send it to the Farmer for publication, it
would give the public just the facts needed in order to move the next legislature
to secure better protection for this great
interest. These statistics may easily be
obtained. They are mostly in possession
of the Township Trustees in each county.
We should be glad to have this matter for
publication, and if the farmers who are
chiefly interested in the matter would
take a little time, they could secure the
information for publication. May we n*ot
ask them to collect these facta, let them
be published, and when the time comes
for petitions to the legislature, there will
i be an irresistable amount of proof that
S something should be done for sheep hus-
jbandry in Indiana.
THE COMING STOCK SALES IK
KENTUCKY.
An interesting series of Short Horn
sales begin in Kentucky on the 10th of
October, and run to the 19th of the
month. The first is that of
Ware & McGoodwin, and E. L. Davidson, at Lexington, October 10th. It will
be noticed by their advertisement that
the fashionable families are largely represented in the stock to be sold. The next
is to be held at Thomson's station, on the
llth, by
* H. P. Thompson,
at which fifty head, representing the best
strains, will be sold.   .
Bush A Hampson,
near Winchester, Ky., will also sell fifty
head of exceedingly choice animals on
the 12th, including some fine red bulls,
of the very best families.
J. V. Griosby,
near Winchester, on the 13th, will sell
about one hundred head, embracing the
well-known Princess, Craggs, Kirkliving-
ton, and other highly fashionable families; embracing also two valuable show
herds, among the best in the state.
J. W. Bean,
on the Hth holds a joint sale at the residence of J. W. Bean, near Winchester.
The offering embraces some choice young
bulls, and the whole are descendents of
choice families.
J. C. & Geo. Hamilton,
of Bath county, will on the 16th sell near
Winchester a hundred head, representatives of the best, well-known strains.
They will at this sale, sell the Rose of
Sharon bull, 2d Grand Duke of Clark,
bred by A; Renick, and got by the 4th
Duke of Geneva.
W. H. Fisher and Jos. Scott,
hold a joint sale on the Great Bourbon
County sale week, October 17th, at Paris.
A hundred head of the choicest animals
will be sold.
H. Clay And Thos. Corwin & Son,
will offer a hundred head at Ellingwood,
4 miles from Paris, on the 18th. This is
also a joint sale, embracing Rose of
Sharons, Young Marys, and many other
of the celebrated strains.
Ayers & McClintock,
the well-known Millersburg breeders, on
the 19th will sell seventy-five head of
finely bred Bates Cattle, of the best families in America. Carefully note the announcements in the advertisements of
this brilliant series of sales. It will be
observed that catalogues can be had in
all cases on application by mail.
 » ♦ . ■
Mr. A. W. -Oook, of Charles City, Iowa,
will arrive home from France in October
with some more Norman horses.
quality, occasionally varied with a bran
mash, with turnips or carrots as an alterative. The growth and development of
bone and muscle depends greatly upon
the food they eat. It is important to select such as contains all tne elements
needed to form the bone 'and muscle of
the horse. It is self-evident that the nutritive matter supplied by the food must
be equal to the exhaustion, or natural
waste of the body, to keep up condition.
Prof. Playfair has made some interesting and instructive experiments upon the
nutritious matter contained in different
kinds of food. He has demonstrated by
analysis, "that in 100 pounds of oats,
eleven pounds represent the quantity of
gluten wherewith flesh is formed, and
that an equal weight of hay affords 8 lbs.
of similar substance. Both hay and oata
contain about 68 per cent, of unazotised
matter, identical with fat, of which it
must be observed that a vast portion
passes off from the animal without ;being
assimilated. By this calculation it appears that if a horse consumes daily four
feeds of oats and 10 pounds of hay, the
nutriment which he derives will be
equivalent to about 1 pound 5 ounces of
muscle, and 13i pounds of superfluous
matter, which, exclusive of water, nearly
approximates the exhaustion ofthesyB.
tern by perspiration and the various
evacuations."
THE HORSE.ABOCT TO BE DRIVEN
on a journey needs hardening by exercise—preparing by sweating out the body
to purify and increase the circulation of
the blood, and also by hand-rubbing the
legs to make them firm and elastics—a
preparation in some degree corresponding with that attained by a horse that is
daily driven on the rood for ordinary
work. For one week previous to the
start they need daily exercise, commencing with eight or ten miles, and
fradually increasing to twenty per day.
'his exercise, with apprapriate food, will
harden their muscles, strengthen their
limbs and prepare them to perform their
tasks without giving out on the road, materially declining in' flesh, or seriously
exhausting their physical powers." If we
perform long drives, with horse3 accustomed to short work only, the sudden
transition from indolence to great exertion will relax their muscles, weaken
their joints, depress their spirits and
break down their constitution. The leading cause of so many valuable horses being spoiled by long drives, is from being
short of work. Thejr are not prepared
for such severe exertions. Condition will
prepare them to perform their work
cheerfully, last out with sound limbs, and
preserve* their constitutional vigor for future usefulness.
BITTING COLTS THE WRONG WAY.
; The Rev. Mr. Murray feelingly describes the cruelties of the machine-fashion thus: The colt is let out into a yard,
the machine strapped on to his back, the
bit of iron. and steel jammed into his
mouth, the check-rein adjusted, a*nd the
colt's head drawn suddenly up into the
air, and the trainer stands on one side.
The colt, of course, struggles, and reare,
and plunges. We have seen all this
done in less than two minutes after the
"bitting machine" was adjusted. There-
suits are unnecessary .pain, spoiling the
colt's mouth till the wounds can neal,
souring the colt's temper, and teaching
him nothing. Then the machine is left
on; the colt stands an hour; perhaps five
hours; perhaps all day. For the first few
minutes he strives to keep his head up,
and the bit loose in his mouth, because
it pains him; but pretty soon the head
sags; the pain in the overtasked muscles
of the neck is even greater than that
caused by the pressure of the bit. Little
by little the head droops; heavier and
heavier the weight of it is laid upon the
bit; and, in the course of an hour or two,
the colt stands weary or stolid, the weight
of his head and neck laid solidly down
upon the bit. The colt is being taught,
you see, to "take the bit'' with a vengeance. He is actually being educated
to "hog on the bit," and be a puller. No
method of bitting can be more vicious
and villainous than this, inflicting as it
does, torture on the innocent victim, and,
in not a few cases, actually putting the
animal beyond the reach of future betterment.
ORIGIN OF THE CANADIAN H0R8E.
Now it is fed better, and receives better
care. Its morale improves, and its master seems to delight in contemplating the
progress and development of the desirable qualities. Master, servant, large and
small, all deeply imbued with the love of
the horse, unite in this work with admirable skill. Thus, in traveling through
Perche, one involuntarily stops in the
middle ofthe fields to see the colt work,
never tired of admiring the vigor _ it displays and the gentleness with which it is
treated. At the age of three, the Beauce
farmer buys the colt to work his soft and
light soil. For him the the young animal must be preserved intact, ita development uninjured—nay, encouraged.
The colt has thus been worked one
year, abundantly fed, but supplied with
little or no grain. Doing enough light
work to pay ita keeping, the master has
received enough besides the manure to
pay a heavy interest on the cost of his
colt. The primitive work, which would
have been injurious under careless management, is, on the contrary, beneficial
so long as the colt is in the hands of a
good master. This is so much the general case, that the contrary is the exception. The animal grows and becomfs
better developed in size and strength than
if not worked.
The railway companies have reduced
the round trip fair to the Centennial ten
per cent. It was first placed at 25 per
cent, off of full rates, and it is now ten
per cent, less than the rate agreed
upon in May last.
PHILADELPHIA LETTER.
THE BEST SHEEP.
STABLE AFFAIRS.
A correspondent of the Live Stock
Journal writes:
The stable is the natural, or more
properly the artificial, abode and essential protection of the horse. He cannot
thrive and keep in good working order
without shelter from the storms, good
food, and a clean, comfortable-bedded
stall, where he can lie down and rest his
wearied limbs. It is impossible to keep
the horse in good health without the
light ofthe sun and the pure air of heaven circulating through well ventilated
stables. Stables for horses that have fast
work should have high windows, so that
the draft or current of air may blow over
their heads. • If suffered to strike the
body or limbs it might injure the overheated animal, brought in dripping with
sweat.
PURE AIR.
The horse cannot breathe the same air
over and over again without impairing
his health. The air that the horse expires is entirely different from that which
he inhales; the atmospheric air he inhales, which passes through the lungs into tha blood and promotes the arterial
circulation, is composed largely of oxygen, or vital air, while that which he expires is heavily charged with carbonic
acid gas, a deadly .poison, unfit for respiration. This gas often causes the death
of working men engaged in cleaning out
old, unused wells. It is evident that this
gas should be cleansed from the stable as
fast aa breathed, to prevent ita mixing
with the surrounding atmosphere. Clean
stables and pure air promote health, and
large, well-bedded stalls furnish comfort
and repose to the tired horse. The wide
stall is a luxury, and ought to be six or
even ten feet wide, if room can be spared.
Loose boxes are important for horses of
great value; in such stalls they can get
perfect repose by changing their position,
recover from the fatigue of a hard day's
drive, and be ready for their task the
next day.
THE FOOD BEST ADAPTED
to the horse is oata and hay ofthe best
The best sheep for a farmer to keep
are those that yield the heaviest fleeces
and the greatest number of pounds of
meat. The scrub sheep will yield from
three to six pounds of wool per head,
while Merinos will range from ten to
twenty pounds, and thoroughbred Ccts-
wolds more. Why is it that all farmers
do not raise the sheep which will give
these heavy fleeces? Then as to meat,
the fine sheep produce an enormous
amount of flesh, and do not eat any more
than a scrub. But besides these facts, the
fine sheep do not only yield larger fleeces
per head, but the wool is of superior
quality. The same is true of the flesh of
fine sheep, in comparison with scrubs.
Southdowns, for instance, are the finest
mutton in the world, always commanding an extra price—a flesh which princes
desire—while the fleece is medium. The
Shropshiredowns stand next in meat quality, and are next to Cotswolds in fleeces.
The profit of these breeds is very great in
times of ordinary prosperity, and under
all circumstances it is best for the fanner
to breed them, because they pay better—
the grand result which is the supreme
object of the farmer—the highest possible
remuneration for his capital and laboT.
And all this concerning sheep is true
of fine breeds of cattle, horses, hogs and
poultry. In the face of these indisputable facta the mass of the people should
not handle scrub stock, and entertain'an
ignorant opposition to fine breeds. There
is one supreme^reason for this. The mass
of people do not read papers devoted to
live stock interests, and are wholly ignorant of the vast progress that is making
in the more intelligent ranks of farmers.
There are sections of Kentucky where the
improved breeds of stock are almost unknown. It is only a small number of
men who are alive to it, and keep themselves thoroughly posted in regard to the
progress of agricultural science and the
breeding of the best animals, while the
masses remain in the old ruts, following
after the customs of a hundred years ago.
If farmers would elevate their calling and
render it more remunerative, they must
put themselves in living connection with
the intellectual spirit  of the  age.—Ky.
Live Stock Record.
.m.
The popular Boot and Shoe house of Hess.
Steep <6 Co., No. 5 Bates House Block, is prepared for an extensive fall trade. The stock
is replenished and prices still farther reduced
and customers can rely on obtaining bargains
from this time forward. Visitors at the State
Fair should find time to call and examine this
stock and make their selections for the fall
and winter. 37-n
 : .   m   .	
The stock of oil in the oil regions of Pennsylvania is 3,164,000 barrels.
A very intelligent gentleman residing
in the State of New York, who has given
a great deal of earnest thought to the
subject of breeding, and who has traveled
extensively in European and other foreign countries, in the course of a private
letter to the editor of the Live Stock
Journal, makes the following suggestions
as to the origin of the tough, hardy
horses of Canada:
By the way, I have occasionally seen
it asserted in our agricultural papers,
that the Canadian is a Norman reduced
by scantier food, colder climate, &c.
Now, this I think physically impossible,
as a reduction of size in this way, I am
confident, would produce a long-legged,
slab-sided, stumbling brute, very different
from the compact, hardy, fine-formed,
active little Canadian, as he has existed
there as far back as the memory of man,
still maintaining his- ground in considerable numbers, notwithstanding the numerous crosses in late years of larger
English horses. When I was in Quebec,
in 1852,1 saw a very fine light or dappled
grey stallion, much in the style of Mr.
Dunham's Success, figured- at the top of
col. 3 of the outside page of your paper
for July, except he was finer in his points.
He was about 14 hands high, a real beauty, with fine action, &c. In Paris, in
1867? I saw the exact counterpart of this
stallion—also other equally small horses,
of same style, though not so fine. Now,
I have no doubt that when the French
first settled in Canada, this was the sort
of horse they imported, and have continued to breed and own to the present day.
Ships, or rather brigantines, in those
days were too small, I presume, to bring
over 17 to 18 hand horses, weighing 1,800
to 2,000 pounds, as some of the Western
and Scotch Canadian breeders boast of
importing now.
 ■ » .     	
MANAGEMENT OF BROOD MARES.
Tbe Horse Fair—Malarial Epidemic tn
Philadelphia—Exhibitors Anxious to
sell, but Asklntv Enormous prices—Exhibits will be Shipped to French Exposition, Etc., Etc.
Mr.M.W. Dunham of Illinois, last
year made some large purchases of .Per-
cheron horses. In a recent letter, he thus
describes the French or Perche method
of breeding:
The division of the sexes in Perche differs from most countries where horses
are raised. One section has the mares,
and produces the colta, while another
section buys and raises them. No matter what may be the class to which she
belongs, light or heavy, or partaking of
both, the mare is expected to breed every year. If barren, she is sold. This
fault continuing, she passes into public
use. During her gestation she works
constantly. A few day's re3t before and
after foaling is the only time lost. The
remainder of her work pays abundantly
for keep and interest on her cost. Atthe
age of five or six, months the colt is abruptly weaned and sold. Led into the
interior upon the fertile meadows, it remains one year unproductive. In winter
it is ftd on hay in the stable, and during
the fine season turned into the field to
graze. To sum up, it is rather poorly
nourished on bran, grass or hay. The
reason is, that it is yet unproductive to
its master, and it feels the effect. Wait
a little. Its hardest time has gone by,
and work will soften its lot. It reaches,
in this-manner, the age of fifteen to
eighteen months.   At this age the colt is
Eut to work. Naturally docile in the
ands of a man always patient and kind,
the training is generally easy. Assigned
to form labor, the colt plows or draws a
wagon. Harnessed with four or five
colta of his own age, together they pull
what would be an easy load for two good
horses. Put before oxen or joined to
three of ita companions, the young animal plows,  and is  never overworked.
[From oar Regular Correspondent.]
Philadelphia, Sept. 6.
The live stock addition to the Exhibition was formally opened oh Monday, the
4th inst., and, it is attracting to the
Great Fair, many who have little interest,
in art, industrial fabrics, or machinery.
The horses, cows, dogs and sheep, of gentle blood, though numerous, are far outnumbered by their worshipper. This exhibition possesses features which make it
exceedingly desirable for owners of animals of patrician blood to participate in
it, besides the immediate advertisement
that it will give them, there will be a diploma, a bronze medal, and a special report on the meritorious points of the best
animals exhibited. This will be of immense value to breeders of blooded animals, constituting a perpetual certificate
ofthe superiority of their stock.   In the
DISPLAY OF FINE HORSES,
Canada and the United States are the only countries that have, at present, exhibits of any considerable extent, but it is
reported that a number of superior Arabian horses have arrived at this port and
will be entered in a few days. At present
Canada seems to have a better equine
display than the United States, at least
this is the case in farm and heavy draught
animals, while the United States has perhaps a better display of high-bred and
light carriage horses.
Among the curiosties of this department may be mentioned a mule giantess,
"Queen of Egypt," 22 hands high, and
weighing 2,200 pounds; '"Royal Tom,"an
attractive stallion in the Canadian exhibits, weighing 2,300 pounds; and a Clydesdale stallion, "Donald Dinnie," seventeen
hands high, and pulling the scales at
3,260. These "heavy weights" attract
more attention from the average visitor
than do some of the lighter, but much
more valuable horses.
MALARIA.
There has been recently much complaint and some alarm caused by the
typhoid and malarial diseases that have
prevailed to an almost epidemical extent,
in and about the Centennial grounds.
They are said, by medical authority, to
result from the large number of excavations that have so recently been made in
this portion of the city, and to attack a
class of visitors, who, from exhaustion
and hunger, are peculiarly susceptable to
their inroads. The average visitor comes
with the intention of doing the whole
thing in about three days, and, stimulated
by the enthusiasm of wonder, does an
incredible amount of work, neglecting
even so important a matter as sufficient
food. Feeble women walk, without being
aware of it, twice the distance that they
could have been persuaded to attempt if
it had been measured in straight miles
The high prices at a ltfrge number of
restaurants, within the grounds, deter
many from eating at noon, even when
they are exhausted and hungry, and, with
systems debilitated, they fall an easy prey
to the insidious influences of bad air. It
will be advisable to prevent these attacks
by a thorough fortification of the system
through the stomach, and it will be better
to buy sandwiches, cheese, crackers,
grapes, etc., at a grocery outside the enclosure ; in this way a better luncheon
may be obtained for 25 or 60 cents, than
can be had at the restaurants for $1 or
$1.50.
Many of the restaurants within the
grounds are exhorbitant in their prices.
A rustic eating place called
the "dairy"
is an exception; there, milk, cream, buttermilk, oatmeal bread, butter and fruits,
(but no meats or hot drinks) may be had
at a very reasonable price. I have observed that the restaurants in the main
building and in machinery hall charge
considerably less than these within the
grounds outside. It has become quite
common for visitors to take a luncheon
with them, and there are hundreds of
delightful places where the noon-day
meal may be enjoyed.
anxious to sell.
It is evident that foreign exhibtors are
very anxious to dispose of their treasurers
they would prefer not to take them back,
but the prices asked for many articles on
exhibition are out of all reason.    They
will have to pay a heavy duty on everything they sell, and they have been at no
little expense while in Philadelphia, but
they will have to offsett this by the advantages they have derived from advertisement in this market.   That they will,
except in isolated instances, fail to realize
the prices at which their goods have been
marked, is apparent, when it is known
that similar goods are for sale by importers in many stores in this country, at
Erices much lower than they are marked
ere.   The prices asked by   exhibitors
may be maintained a while longer, but
just before the close of the Exposition,
they will be sold for much less than is
now asked.   The greater part will most
probably be sold at auction after, the 10th
of November.
BRONZE STATUARY.
I have given some attention to bronze
statuary, since I have been here. In the
French, German, Russian, and Japanese
departments there are many beautiful
specimens, but I found in a store, on
Chestnut street imported specimens that
were in no way inferior to those at the
Exhibition.
NOT FOR SALE.
Many articles, especially those in the
Asiatic, South American, and Austrian
departments, are not for sale. They will
be shipped direct to Paria, for the great
French Exposition, in 1878, but the majority of European Exhibitors will prefer
to reship nothing. C.
 1  ■»  i
NEWS  OF  THE   WEEK.
State News.
John Purdue, founder of Purdue'TJniversity,
Lafayette, died in that city on the 12th inst.
There were thirty-four deaths in this city
last week.
The Franklin county fair, which was held
last week, was not a great Buccess financially.
Bad weather interfered materially with its
success.
At Laporte on Saturday, John Strutz, aged
seventeen, play folly pointed a loaded pistol at
his grandmother, aged 78, and managing to
explode it, killed her instantly, the bail passing through her head.
The Veteran Soldiers National Reunion
takes place in this city on "Wednesday and
Thursday of next week. The attendance
from all parts of the country promises to be
very large.
General News.
The railroads are again doing a heavy business in freights and passenger travels.
A very destructive fire occurred on Saturday last in the immediate vicinity of the Centennial Exposition grounds, which for a time .
endangered the main building. The loss to hotels, restaurants, &c, was heavy.
Maine held her State election on Monday
last. The Republicans elected their ticket by
a majority of about 12,000, being a gain of
8,000 over their majority of 1875.
Boss Tweed, the world's big thief, has been
captured in Spain by the Spanish authorities
at the request of our Government. He will
soon be turned over to the Government authorities and brought to New York.
The railroads have made a reduction often
per cent, of the rate on Centennial tickets to
New York and Philadelphia from. all points
west of Chicago and St. Louis.
The Vermont State election was held on
Tuesday of last week resulting in the election
of the Republican ticket by a majority of
28,732. An increase of majority over 1874, of
3,732.
The admissions to the Centennial Exhibition on Saturday the 9th inst., numbered
116,000.
The telegraph reports ten interments from 1
yellow fever, on the 9th, and thirteen on the {
10th, at Savannah, Georgia.
The expenses of the Ohio State fair this year ^
exceeded the receipts by $6,500.
--N^T