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i I! • I Vol. XI INDIANAPOLIS, MDIANA, JULY 29,1876. No. 30. EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT., i PERSONALS. Persons In any part of the state seeking the address or attention of parties in other portions of the state or country should make inquiry in this department LoBt, Strayed or Stolen. No better medium could be selected than this department of the Parher for the recovery of stock. Tell your neighbor of it when you hear of the loss of his-stock. , A two or three line notice will cost you only 25c each Insertion. FOR SALE. *TT*lOR SALE.—Ten Short-horn cows and heifers; JC no bulls. Recorded stock. J. A. JOHNSON, Poolsville, Warren county, Ind. 24-I0t EOR SALE.—A few choiceBerkshire pigs from 3 to i months old. A. C. SHORTRIDGE. Indianapolis, Ind. 28-1f EOR SALE—State and county rights of a Vegetable and Fruit Slicer useful any month in the year send stamp for circular to John R. Wherry, patentee, Moundsvllle, W. Virginia. 29-4w FOR SALE—Leicester Sheep.—We have for sale four yearling bucks, two buck Iambs and 20 ewesand ewe lambs. Also four bull calves 5 mos. old at reasonable prices. J. T. Williamson & Son, Thorntown, Ind. 29 2w FOR SALE—Berkshire pigs of both sexes. Three and four months old. Got by imported Sambo. Prices low. Orders solicited; satisfaction guaranteed. Address M. N. Schnebly, Fairview, Washington county, Md. 39-it ^ WANTED. \ir ANTED—Excursionists to the Great Neosho W Valley, Kansas August 16th and Sept. 6th. For rates and special information, address J. D. King, Mo., Kan. & Texas R'y, Land and Excursion agt., Crawfordsville, Ind, 29-2w WANTED-Farmers and saw mill men to know that they can have theirsaws repaired in the best manner or can purchase the celebrated Disston saws at the Hoosier Saw Works,94 E. Georgia street, W. B. Barry, proprietor. ■ v . -. 29-4w MISCELLANEOUS. STRAYED OR STOLEN—A medium-sized black mare, eight years old. Any person returning her to the corner of Meridian and Eighth streets, will be liberally rewarded. W. H. SEIDERS. : 30-lf STOCK NOTES. G. W. Homan, Portland Mills, Ind., has lately bought a fine pair of Poland China piga from Samuel Dragoo, of Edinburg, this State. Mr. H. says he means to have the best thoroughbred" stock, no matter what it costs. Premium No. 21. Clayton, Hendricks Co., Ind. Editors Indiana Farmer:—I'wish to acknowledge the receipt of my premium Poland China pig, given by Dr. Forsythe, of Franklin, Ind., in exchange for No. 21, a Berkshire pig, and I wish to say here that I consider it quite a favor, for which I thank the Doctor very kindly. The pig is a fine one, indeed; "every one who has seen it says so. I will also say to those who helped me swell my club that I am thankful to them, and expect to call on them for their subscription this fall again. The Indiana Farmer needs . no recommendation to those "who have read it. , John Glover. Wanted—A Cure for Lameness in Hogs In March last one of my shoats lost the use of its leg. It would get up and take a few jumps, and then drop down. It continued to get worse until it could not raise its head off the ground. It would eat heartily when corn was put where it could reach it. I fed it for three or four weeks; andtthen killed and examined it, but could see nothing wrong. It was in good condition when taken down and did not seem to fall away any. About five or six weeks ago one of my sows" got lame in one of her hind legs. She was able to walk around for three weeks, when she lost the use of her fore iegs. When forced to move she can get up on her knees and hobble around, but cannot stand on her feet. She eats and drinks when feed and water are taken to ,her. She was in fair condition when taken down; her limbs are not the least swollen. A remedy for this trouble will be thankfully received. T. C. Bluffton, Ind. s • . Loss of Cud—Indigestion. Loss of cud and loss of appetite, mean Pretty much one and the* same thing. •This, usually from indigestion^ may be occasioned by the animal eating too greedily of food, causing fermentation and disorganization of the coats of the stomach. A good and simple remedy is composed of half an ounce of cream of wrter, one ounce of powdered golden seal and two ounces each of caraway seeds and powdered poplar bark; divide * into six powders, after, thoroughly mix- j^S the whole, and give one every four or |»ix hours, in a pint of camomile tea.— I farm Journal. BERKSHIRE SWIHE. Some Facts and Characteristics about the Breed. We make the following interesting extracts from the Premium Essay of Mr. A. B. Allen, of New York, delivered before the American Berkshire Association: WHEN WAS THE FIRST CROSS MADE? Several aged men in different parts of Berkshire, of whom I inquired on my first visit to England, in 1841, informed me that they had known these improved swine of the same type as I then found them, from earliest childhood. But the most particular, and apparently reliable account I was able to ■ obtain, was from Mr. Westbrook, of Pinckney Green, By- sham, who told me that his father possessed them as early as the year. 1780, in as great perfection as the best then existing in the_ country. Thus it will be seen that the improvement is now at least a century old, and more, probably a century and a quarter; for it would have taken some years back of 1780 to begin a'new breed of swine; and get it up to a fixed type at that period. SIZE OF THE IMPROVED BERKSHIRE. I have heard of those, both in England and America, whose dead weight dressed, occasionally exceeded 800 lbs.; but at the time I first visited the former country, the general weight, full grown, was about the same as at the present time—namely, from 300 to 600 pounds, according as the smaller or larger pigs were selected from the litters for fattening, and as they were subsequently fed and attended. The smaller sizes matured several months the quickest, and were preferred in the markets for fresh pork; and for curing also, for those who were p.irticularly nice*in the choice of their meat, being rather more tender and delicate than the larger animals. QUALITY OF MEAT. The meat of the improved Berkshire, like that ofthe unimproved, abounds in a much greater proportion of sweet, ten- der^juicy,lean, well marbled with very fine streaks of fat, than other breeds of swine; but the former was far more delicate as now, than the latter ever was. This renders the whole carcass the most suitable of all for smoking. The hams and shoulders are almost entirely lean, a thin rim of fat covering only the outside. MATURITY. The improved Berkshire could be fattened at any age. Barrows matured in 12 to 18 months according as selected from the litters, whether the largest or the smallest, and as subsequently fed and treated. It took boars and sows reserved for breeding about six months longer to get their fullest size and weight, not being pushed by high feed so rapidly as those destined for more immediate slaughter. EARLIEST IMPORTATIONS INTO AMERICA. The first importation into this country, of which I find record, was made in 1823, by Mr. John Brentnall, an English farmer who settled in English Neighborhood, New Jersey. I became acquainted with his sons after their removal to Orange county, New York, and purchased of them stock descended from this importation. The next were imported in 1832, by Mr. Siday Hawes, an English farmer Who settled in Albany, New York. lie subsequently made other importations, some ofthe descendants of all which I added to the stock on my farm. I have heard that by the year 1838, a few followed into Canada and some of the western States, from England. I bought a small lot that came into western New York in 1839; and late that year, Messrs. Bagg & Wait, English farmers who had settled in Orange county, New Yorlg, began their large importation, which they continued for several years, disposing of them mainly in Kentucky, Tennessee, Missouri and the South. In 1841,1 selected, in Berkshire, England, and imported into New York, upwards of forty head of the choicest of the improved breed of swine I could find there. The above have been followed by numerous other importations down to the present time, both into the United States and Canada. TRAINING* COLTS. A writer who appears to know his business, offers the following onx training colts: A cool head, and calm and steady nerves, with a quick eye, will go far towards success in conflicts with even the most irritating animals. Moreover, never forget that the law of kindness is stronger in its influence on the animal creation than the law of force. Remember this also: do not make much noise when having a conflict with a colt. Say little to him, and nothing to any one else: Do not be shouting, "Get up!" "Whoa!" "Look out there!" and the like. Silence is a great virtue in a horse-trainer. A low-voiced groom is worth his weight in gold about the stables. A horse cannot understand sounds like a human being; and the less said to him, for the most part, the better. A few sounds, of course, are necessary; the word "whoa" being one of these. This word should mean slop; it should never mean anything else in the colt's ears, id should be pronounced in a quick, sharp,' imperative tone. It should never be drawled out or prolonged, as if there were a dozen a'a, instead of one, after the o, as is often the case. Whoa means stop', and when a colt hears it, he should stop, and stop in his tracks, too. The method is simple. Put your bridle on to your colt, buckle in a pair of long lines, and, taking position in the rear, start him along. After he has taken a few steps, say "Whoa!" at the same time give him a slight twitch on the bit sufficient to cause him to stop. Do not be rude or harsh, but gentle and firm. Start him now again, and repeat the sound and the movement of the hand. The colt will soon catch the idea, and learn what the, sound means. Then you can go on, and teach him that it only means stop, but that it means to stop instantly. A few days of this simple treatment will suffice to teach him thoroughly the lesson, which, when well learned, he never forgets, and the real value of which can scarcely be overestimated. If the colt is worth five hundred dollars when broken, in the ordinary way, he is certainly worth six hundred when instructed fully in the manner here set forth. Any sensible man, in purchasing a horse for family service or for fast driving on the road, will gladly pay a hundred dollars extra if the breeder can show to him that the colt will stop short in his tracks at the word; for he sees that, amid even the average risks and hazards of driving, such a power over the animal may prove of supreme importance. » m> . THE PROFIT IN SHEEP. The editor of the Miehigan Farmer gives the following results, being the practical experience of a wool-grower in that State. The editor says: The estimates of our friend are as follows: Take 100 wether yearlings on the 1st of July, at their estimated actual value in the market, say shorn the first time. These yearlings to be full-bred merinos, such as he has on his place, and they ought to average, in ordinary fair condition as store sheep, 75 pounds each in weight, and would be worth 3} cents per pound live weight, or S2.G2} per head. We would then have— 100 yearlings first cost, $2G2.50; cost of pasture and feed at the same rate as he would keep for hire 100 sheep of like quality, for the months of July, August, September, October, and November, allowing them • twenty-five acres of gra-s, and the run of the fallows and stubbles, at two cents per week, twenty-one weeks, $42; feed from December 1st to May 1st, 150 days*. 150 bushels of corn at 50 cents, $75; ten tons of hay at $8 per ton, $80; seven acres of corn stalks at $7, $49; seven acres of straw at $1 per acre, $7; cost of men to feed, $20; one barrel salt, $2; washing and shearing, $15; marketing and care of fleeces, $5; May and June pasturage, $16. Total cost of sheep for the year, $573.50. At the end of the year on the first of July, we have the sheep at two years old, and supposing there have been no accidents, no deaths, no shrinkage from disease, but a healthy growth from their feed as above given, we should have a hundred sheep, averaging 95 pounds in weight, and worth 4 cents per pound live weight in the field, as nothing extra is counted for their quality as fine wools:— 100 two-year olds, of 95lbs., at 4 cts. $380; manure "made during the season—100 loads at $1 per load, $100. We caviled some at the value put on the manure, as somewhat high, but our friend was a practical farmer, and he said that a load of sheep manure made under cover, as such manure was generally made, was worth $1, and that he knew that 100 sheep would make that amount of manure if fed and littered as he had allowed. Hence we had the following result: Paid originally for sheep, $202.50; cost of pasture and winter keeping, $291; cost of care of fleeces, $20. Total cost of sheep for one year, $573.50. Value of sheep and manure, $480. The difference between cost and value, $93.50, is the cost of one hundred fleeces of wool. These 2-year olds were estimated to Produce 7 pounds each of washed wool, hat was the average he found they would shearj generally the fleeces would go over that, if bred from good fine wool rams and ewes thoroughbred. The produce would therefore be 700 pounds of wool, the production ot which would cost the wool- grower at a fraction less than 14 cents per pound, or to give it exact it would be 13 cents and.five sevenths. So that wool sold at 30 cents would fully yield 100 per cerit. on its cost, not counting the value of the increase of the sheep or the manure left on theland. He had been satisfied that the better the sheep the better they paid for some time, but these facts, which were taken from his own experience, had satisfied him that those who kept thoroughbred sheep had a great advantage over those who kept sheep whose fleeces were not of the first quality. He had kept sheep at first whose fleeces only yielded four •pounds on an average. They consumed just as much, and they made just about the same amount of manure. <But his 100 sheep only yielded him 400 pounds of wool, and according to his figures the wool then cost him at the rate of 24 cents per pound to raise it, hence his profit, with wool at 30 cents, would only be 25 per cent, instead of over 100. STOCK AND CROPS IN SPENCER COUNTY, INDIANA. Patronville, July 17th. *■ Editobs Indiana Farmer:—In your issue of July 8th, I see a letter from Mr. James Parker of this county, on the subject of hog raising. I do not propose in this letter to question the truth of friend Parker's statement, or his ability as a swine raiser, yet in all candor beg leave to differ with him as regards which is the better stock of hogs—Chester Whites or Poland Chinas. The Chester White is a very hardy stock of hogs. When I say Chester White I mean it; not some scrub stock or other, for all white hogs do not belong to that stock. The majority of our farmers are not full-handed enough to feed their hogs all the year Tound as they would when they were fattening their pork, but such is the manner in which the Poland Chinas have to be kept in order to make hogs of them. The Chester Whites may be turned out on the mast during the summer and fall, and when taken up will be found _ ready for market; while the Poland Chinas if turned out in the same manner would be found ready for the buzzards. Friend Parker says he turned out some white hogs which he had bought for stock hogs, but did not say what breed of hogs they were. May they not belong to the stock known in this section as brier- splitters? THE CROPS in this section are good. Wheat is being threshed and is turning out fine; prices range from 80 cents to $1 per bushel. Tobacco is not good on aceount of wet weather. Hay is an average crop; some difficulty is experienced in harvesting it because of the rain. There is a fair crop of grangers in this section, and all are doing well. sMelvin. . » » Cure for Worms in Stock. supply, and in which mains and sewers lie in close proximity in the streets, as soon as the mains are empty of water they become filled by the sewage gas, which makes its way through chinks; and in the many houses in which an un- trapped overflow pipe descends from the cistern to the sewer, the gas ascends by this pipe, and the water contained in the cistern is always more or less contamin- inated. In both cases the water may be made to stink, or it may be rendered more or less unpalatable or unwholesome, but it does not become a source of typhoid until typhoid poison has been cast into the sewer. There are few villages in which there is not continued soaking from cesspools to wells, but this soakage is likewise—qua typhoid—harmless until the specific material is supplied. Tlie danger of such structural defects is that they leave an open door for the entrance of the typhoid poison whenever it does get into the sewers, and the typhoid poison is so widely diffused in this country that it is never safe to speculate upon its absence. When the fever appears, the only question, is practically speaking, "How and when does the sufferer drink water which was contaminated by typhoid-tainted sewage, or breathe air with which typhoid-tainted sewer gas was mingled?" All the popular tail- about "exposed to cold," or about "bad smells," or "over-fatigue," or other vague speculations of like kind are entirely erroneous and misleading. Typhoid may be assumed, for all practical purposes, to spring only from antecedent typhoid, and to come only by the path of sewage pollution. If it ever does arrive de novo, the cases • are entirely exceptional, and we have no certain evidence of their occurrence.—London Times. PREMIUM NO. 35. 1 Editors Indiana Farmer:—For my premium, as an agent for the Farmer, I received the trio Buff Cochins, offered by Mr. M. T. Kelley, of the Beechlawn Poultry yards, Bloomingdale, Ind.; and I can say that I am highly pleased with them, and am very much obliged to the Farmer and Mr. Kelley also. I prize them highly and cheerfully recommend my friends to Mr. Kelley, when they are in want of poultry. Respectfully, Peter Raab. Warren township, Marion county, Ind. NEWS OF THE WEEK. The simplest remedy for worms in cattle, sheep and pigs, is turpentine mixed with a little feed, or given in linseed oil or gruel; two ounces for a cow or ox, and one-fourth or less for smaller animals, according to the size. Clater gives the following for adult bovines: Linseed oil 1 pint, turpentine 2 ounces, infusion of quassia J pint. The symptoms of the worms being present are: General weakness and inaction, falling off in flesh, capricious appetite and appearing "hide-bound,"— Scientific Farmer. Typhoid Fever and Polluted Water. . "Typhoid," or "enteric" fever, is the common fever of this country, which spares neither age, sex, nor social condition, which destroyed the life of the Prince Consort, and nearly destroyed that of the Prince of Wales, which destroys an average of about 10,000 or 12,- 000 people annually, and which sickens and endangers about 100,000 more. It is essentially an eruptive disease of the lining membrane of the intestines; a sort of small pox, which affects the bowels instead of the skin; and, like some other eruptive diseases, its destiny is to run a definite course over a stated period of time. It is spread abroad chiefly, and probably exclusively, by the discharges from its specific eruption—that is to say, by the discharges from the intestine. These, in the natural course of things, find their way into cesspools and sewers, and when they do so they render poisonous the solid or liquid contents of the receptacles, and also the gas which is evolved from them. The fever is reproduced mainly in three ways—first by the poisoned sewage obtaining direct access to drinking water, by leakage or soaking, and so being swallowed; secondly, by the poisoned gas escaping from sewers into water-mains or cisterns, so that it is absorbed or dissolved by the water, and so swallowed; thirdly, by the poisoned gas making its way through badly-trapped drains or other channels, into dwelling or sleeping rooms, and so being breathed by the occupants. To one or other of these methods of diffusion every outbreak of typhoid fever may be referred, and nearly every single case, the tendency of modern research, by increasing our knowledge ofthe outlets for sewer poison, and ofthe distance whichjt may travel unchanged, being constantly to bring apparent exceptions within the general rule. Hence two things are manifest—first, that typhoid fever is very little infectious in the ordinary sense, or through the atmosphere which surrounds the patient; secondly, that it is very actively infectious through concealed channels of indefinite length or tortuousness, so that B may derive his fever directly from A, of whose very existence he is ignorant. The connections which constantly exist between sewers or cesspools and the water or air supply of dwellings, however disagreeable or disgusting, are harmless, as far as the production of typhoid is concerned, until the sewers or cesspools have themselves received the typhoid poison. In towns which have an intermittent water Staining Growing Wood. Professor Stebbing, in a letter to one of the photographic journals, declares that, ere long we shall be able to have all our furniture—even articles of common deal —of such beautiful color as to throw out mahogany and other foreign woods. A Frenchman has discovered a new method of compelling the tree to color itself. He operates upon it at the moment when the sap is rising after its winter's repose to give life and vitality to the branches. He introduces a chemical into this vivifying agent, and it distributes the coloring composition through every pore and fibre of the tree! When the coloration is terminated the knots and veins contain such a multitude of shades, harmonizing one with the other, that furniture made of it has at once a strange and fascinating appearance. Salt and Tar for Wens. Between twenty and thirty years ago I had a fine Devon cow that had a wen, as it is called, upon her jaw. Our doctor advised me to fat her andsend her to the butcher, but I saw a receipt in the New England Farmer, recommending tar and salt as a cure. I tried it and it cured her. About two years after that, the same cow had one come on her other jaw. I used the tar and saltiagain with success. Since then I had an ex that had one come on his jaw, and I saw a receipt in the A Ibany Cultivator, recommending salt and vinegar; thought that would be cleaner and better to use, so I tried it with success. Two of these cases were very bad.—Cor. New England Farmer. Clearing Land with Dynamite. Experience at clearing lands, both in removing stumps and large boulders with dynamite in Scotland, has proven successful. The following account is given of a late trial, in an Edinburg paper: A spadefull of earth was removed from the side of a stump and a hole driven into the stump with a crow-bar. Into this hole a cartridge of dynamite was pressed by means of a wooden ramrod, then a det- onating percussion cap with a Blackford's fuse attached was squeezed into a small cartridge or primer of dynamite, and inserted into the hole in the trunk in contact with the charge. The hole was filled up with loose earth, about a foot-length of the fuse being left bare. A match was next applied to the fuse, and sufficient time was taken for the powder to reach the percussion cap to allow the operatives to retire to a safe distance. When the explosion occurred the trunk was literally blown out of the ground, some of the fragments, weighing nearly twenty- pounds, being thrown to a distance of over a hundred yards. Tlie destruction ofthe stump was complete. In breaking up big boulder stones, the dynamite was simply placed on top of the stone, covered with wet sand, and fired with the fuse in the ordinary way. The result was the reduction of the boulders to fragments the size of a walnut. It was effectually proved by the experiments that land can be speedily cleared of formidable obstructions to good cultivation by the use of dynamite, and the committee of the society who watched the operations expressed themselves as highly satisfied with the results. State News. Pike connty owes $28,013.04. The reunion of Old Settlers at Oakland, on Saturday last, was largely attended. The Spencer county hay crop is light but good. The Gibson county farmers are jubilant over their big hay crop. The Warrick county potato crop is No. 1, and the hay crop much better than last year. James Hobson, of Vincennes, was killed on Monday by the fall of his horse. Evans Fowler, of Veedereburg, committed suicide by poison, on Tuesday. A man by the name of Greshani, at Mitchell, committed suicide on tlie 25th inst, from fear of being lynched by the Orange county mob. Another link of the Lake Erie and Evansville railroad is nowbeing builtbetween Boon- ville and Huntinbnrg. Thomas Williamson a wealthy farmer of "Warrick connty, was instantly tilled, a few days ago, by a kick from his horse. The deaths in this city last week were forty- four. Twenty-eight of the number were child- drea under two years of age. The Independents of Grant county nominated Henley James, of Marion, for Representative. The Indc pendents have called a Mass Convention to meet in this city on August 27th, to fill vacancies in the ticket. A party of baloon voyagers who started from this city on Tuesday morning last at 5 a. m., landed near Nashville, Brown county, at 11:15 a. m. The trip was made safely. ' An old farmer by the name of Ross, of Lake township, Allen county, was bitten by a rattlesnake on Thursday of last week, and died the following morning. The assessed value of the Tailroads for tho present year in the State, is $38,204,513. This is a decrease from the assessment of last year of $142,406. A man by the name of Bollenbaker, of Bloomington, over sixty years of age, eloped the other day with a young lady named Woodward. Mr. Elijah Lemmon, a wealthy and well- known farmer of Dubois county, died suddenly recently. While sitting in his chair he fell dead. It is thought he had heart disease. A saloon keeper at Mitchell, Lawrence county, was assassinated on Sunday morning last by a large number of masked men. It is supposed to have grown out of the Orange county troubles. Two daughters of a Mr. Pritchard, of Cass county, were burned to death on Sunday evening. They were hurrying a slow fire by pouring co al oil on it, when the flames communicated to the can, causing an explosion with the above result. Last Sunday night a week ago the house of Isaiah Carter, a wealthy farmer, near Hope, Bartholomew county, was entered and robbed of abont $6,000 in notes and papers and a quantity of clothing. Detectives of this city have secured the thieves and all the stolen articles but the notes and papers. The Van Slyke Self-Skimming Evaporator is the best and cheapest and the only one in the market that is perfectly adapted to making Sorghum or Maple Syrup. Send to Seward &, Co., Bloomington, Ind., for an illustrated price list. 30-2w General News. The President has signed the silver bill. There was a slight frost on the night of the 24th in the vicinity of Port Jervis, New York. The President has appointed Thomas J. Brady, of this State, to be Assistant P. M. General, The coal mines in the region of Scranton, Pa., are all being operated again, giving employment to many unemployed laborers. The farm house of Robert Fisher, in Champaign county, 111., was destroyed by fire a few days ago. Loss $6,000. The assessment of the property in Illinois for taxation shows a decrease from last year of $150,000,000. Efforts are still being made to secure the pardon of the Chicago and St. Louis whisky thieves. The aggregate value of the Centennial exhibits in the main building is put down at $80,000,000. The wool clip of Michigan, this year, is reported to be larger than ever before known in that State. Speaker Kerr's health is rapidly improving. Hopes are now entertained that lie will be fully restored. The army in the Indiah country will soon make an offensive campaign against the Sioux. Re-enforcements are reaching the Government'1 troops. The heated term caused a great falling off in visitors to the Centennial, which has net much increased with pleasant weather. in fj-tSsraii
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1876, v. 11, no. 30 (July 29) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA1130 |
Date of Original | 1876 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2010-12-01 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript |
i
I! • I
Vol. XI
INDIANAPOLIS, MDIANA, JULY 29,1876.
No. 30.
EXCHANGE DEPARTMENT.,
i
PERSONALS.
Persons In any part of the state seeking the address or attention of parties in other portions of the
state or country should make inquiry in this department
LoBt, Strayed or Stolen.
No better medium could be selected than this department of the Parher for the recovery of stock.
Tell your neighbor of it when you hear of the loss
of his-stock. ,
A two or three line notice will cost you only 25c
each Insertion.
FOR SALE.
*TT*lOR SALE.—Ten Short-horn cows and heifers;
JC no bulls. Recorded stock. J. A. JOHNSON,
Poolsville, Warren county, Ind. 24-I0t
EOR SALE.—A few choiceBerkshire pigs from 3
to i months old. A. C. SHORTRIDGE. Indianapolis, Ind. 28-1f
EOR SALE—State and county rights of a Vegetable and Fruit Slicer useful any month in the
year send stamp for circular to John R. Wherry,
patentee, Moundsvllle, W. Virginia. 29-4w
FOR SALE—Leicester Sheep.—We have for sale
four yearling bucks, two buck Iambs and 20
ewesand ewe lambs. Also four bull calves 5 mos.
old at reasonable prices. J. T. Williamson & Son,
Thorntown, Ind. 29 2w
FOR SALE—Berkshire pigs of both sexes. Three
and four months old. Got by imported Sambo. Prices low. Orders solicited; satisfaction
guaranteed. Address M. N. Schnebly, Fairview,
Washington county, Md. 39-it ^
WANTED.
\ir ANTED—Excursionists to the Great Neosho
W Valley, Kansas August 16th and Sept. 6th.
For rates and special information, address J. D.
King, Mo., Kan. & Texas R'y, Land and Excursion
agt., Crawfordsville, Ind, 29-2w
WANTED-Farmers and saw mill men to know
that they can have theirsaws repaired in the
best manner or can purchase the celebrated Disston
saws at the Hoosier Saw Works,94 E. Georgia street,
W. B. Barry, proprietor. ■ v . -. 29-4w
MISCELLANEOUS.
STRAYED OR STOLEN—A medium-sized black
mare, eight years old. Any person returning
her to the corner of Meridian and Eighth streets,
will be liberally rewarded. W. H. SEIDERS.
: 30-lf
STOCK NOTES.
G. W. Homan, Portland Mills, Ind., has
lately bought a fine pair of Poland China
piga from Samuel Dragoo, of Edinburg,
this State. Mr. H. says he means to
have the best thoroughbred" stock, no
matter what it costs.
Premium No. 21.
Clayton, Hendricks Co., Ind.
Editors Indiana Farmer:—I'wish to
acknowledge the receipt of my premium
Poland China pig, given by Dr. Forsythe,
of Franklin, Ind., in exchange for No. 21,
a Berkshire pig, and I wish to say here
that I consider it quite a favor, for which
I thank the Doctor very kindly. The pig
is a fine one, indeed; "every one who has
seen it says so. I will also say to those
who helped me swell my club that I am
thankful to them, and expect to call on
them for their subscription this fall again.
The Indiana Farmer needs . no recommendation to those "who have read it.
, John Glover.
Wanted—A Cure for Lameness in Hogs
In March last one of my shoats lost the
use of its leg. It would get up and take a
few jumps, and then drop down. It continued to get worse until it could not
raise its head off the ground. It would
eat heartily when corn was put where it
could reach it. I fed it for three or four
weeks; andtthen killed and examined it,
but could see nothing wrong. It was in
good condition when taken down and did
not seem to fall away any.
About five or six weeks ago one of my
sows" got lame in one of her hind legs.
She was able to walk around for three
weeks, when she lost the use of her fore
iegs. When forced to move she can get
up on her knees and hobble around, but
cannot stand on her feet. She eats and
drinks when feed and water are taken to
,her. She was in fair condition when
taken down; her limbs are not the least
swollen. A remedy for this trouble will
be thankfully received. T. C.
Bluffton, Ind.
s • .
Loss of Cud—Indigestion.
Loss of cud and loss of appetite, mean
Pretty much one and the* same thing.
•This, usually from indigestion^ may be
occasioned by the animal eating too
greedily of food, causing fermentation
and disorganization of the coats of the
stomach. A good and simple remedy is
composed of half an ounce of cream of
wrter, one ounce of powdered golden
seal and two ounces each of caraway
seeds and powdered poplar bark; divide
* into six powders, after, thoroughly mix-
j^S the whole, and give one every four or
|»ix hours, in a pint of camomile tea.—
I farm Journal.
BERKSHIRE SWIHE.
Some Facts and Characteristics about
the Breed.
We make the following interesting extracts from the Premium Essay of Mr. A.
B. Allen, of New York, delivered before
the American Berkshire Association:
WHEN WAS THE FIRST CROSS MADE?
Several aged men in different parts of
Berkshire, of whom I inquired on my
first visit to England, in 1841, informed
me that they had known these improved
swine of the same type as I then found
them, from earliest childhood. But the
most particular, and apparently reliable
account I was able to ■ obtain, was from
Mr. Westbrook, of Pinckney Green, By-
sham, who told me that his father possessed them as early as the year. 1780, in
as great perfection as the best then existing in the_ country. Thus it will be seen
that the improvement is now at least a
century old, and more, probably a century and a quarter; for it would have taken
some years back of 1780 to begin a'new
breed of swine; and get it up to a fixed
type at that period.
SIZE OF THE IMPROVED BERKSHIRE.
I have heard of those, both in England
and America, whose dead weight dressed,
occasionally exceeded 800 lbs.; but at the
time I first visited the former country,
the general weight, full grown, was about
the same as at the present time—namely,
from 300 to 600 pounds, according as the
smaller or larger pigs were selected from
the litters for fattening, and as they were
subsequently fed and attended. The
smaller sizes matured several months the
quickest, and were preferred in the markets for fresh pork; and for curing also,
for those who were p.irticularly nice*in
the choice of their meat, being rather
more tender and delicate than the larger
animals.
QUALITY OF MEAT.
The meat of the improved Berkshire,
like that ofthe unimproved, abounds in
a much greater proportion of sweet, ten-
der^juicy,lean, well marbled with very
fine streaks of fat, than other breeds of
swine; but the former was far more delicate as now, than the latter ever was.
This renders the whole carcass the most
suitable of all for smoking. The hams
and shoulders are almost entirely lean, a
thin rim of fat covering only the outside.
MATURITY.
The improved Berkshire could be fattened at any age. Barrows matured in
12 to 18 months according as selected
from the litters, whether the largest or
the smallest, and as subsequently fed
and treated. It took boars and sows reserved for breeding about six months
longer to get their fullest size and weight,
not being pushed by high feed so rapidly
as those destined for more immediate
slaughter.
EARLIEST IMPORTATIONS INTO AMERICA.
The first importation into this country, of which I find record, was made in
1823, by Mr. John Brentnall, an English
farmer who settled in English Neighborhood, New Jersey. I became acquainted
with his sons after their removal to Orange county, New York, and purchased
of them stock descended from this importation.
The next were imported in 1832, by
Mr. Siday Hawes, an English farmer Who
settled in Albany, New York. lie subsequently made other importations, some
ofthe descendants of all which I added
to the stock on my farm.
I have heard that by the year 1838, a
few followed into Canada and some of
the western States, from England. I
bought a small lot that came into western New York in 1839; and late that year,
Messrs. Bagg & Wait, English farmers
who had settled in Orange county, New
Yorlg, began their large importation,
which they continued for several years,
disposing of them mainly in Kentucky,
Tennessee, Missouri and the South. In
1841,1 selected, in Berkshire, England,
and imported into New York, upwards
of forty head of the choicest of the improved breed of swine I could find there.
The above have been followed by numerous other importations down to the present time, both into the United States and
Canada.
TRAINING* COLTS.
A writer who appears to know his business, offers the following onx training
colts:
A cool head, and calm and steady
nerves, with a quick eye, will go far towards success in conflicts with even the
most irritating animals. Moreover, never forget that the law of kindness is
stronger in its influence on the animal
creation than the law of force. Remember this also: do not make much noise
when having a conflict with a colt. Say
little to him, and nothing to any one
else: Do not be shouting, "Get up!"
"Whoa!" "Look out there!" and the like.
Silence is a great virtue in a horse-trainer.
A low-voiced groom is worth his weight
in gold about the stables.
A horse cannot understand sounds like
a human being; and the less said to him,
for the most part, the better. A few
sounds, of course, are necessary; the
word "whoa" being one of these. This
word should mean slop; it should never
mean anything else in the colt's ears, id
should be pronounced in a quick, sharp,'
imperative tone. It should never be
drawled out or prolonged, as if there
were a dozen a'a, instead of one, after the
o, as is often the case. Whoa means stop',
and when a colt hears it, he should stop,
and stop in his tracks, too.
The method is simple. Put your bridle on to your colt, buckle in a pair of
long lines, and, taking position in the
rear, start him along. After he has taken a few steps, say "Whoa!" at the same
time give him a slight twitch on the bit
sufficient to cause him to stop. Do not
be rude or harsh, but gentle and firm.
Start him now again, and repeat the
sound and the movement of the hand.
The colt will soon catch the idea, and
learn what the, sound means. Then you
can go on, and teach him that it only
means stop, but that it means to stop instantly. A few days of this simple treatment will suffice to teach him thoroughly the lesson, which, when well learned,
he never forgets, and the real value of
which can scarcely be overestimated. If
the colt is worth five hundred dollars
when broken, in the ordinary way, he is
certainly worth six hundred when instructed fully in the manner here set
forth. Any sensible man, in purchasing
a horse for family service or for fast driving on the road, will gladly pay a hundred dollars extra if the breeder can show
to him that the colt will stop short in his
tracks at the word; for he sees that, amid
even the average risks and hazards of driving, such a power over the animal may
prove of supreme importance.
» m> .
THE PROFIT IN SHEEP.
The editor of the Miehigan Farmer gives
the following results, being the practical
experience of a wool-grower in that State.
The editor says: The estimates of our
friend are as follows: Take 100 wether
yearlings on the 1st of July, at their estimated actual value in the market, say
shorn the first time. These yearlings to
be full-bred merinos, such as he has on
his place, and they ought to average, in
ordinary fair condition as store sheep,
75 pounds each in weight, and would be
worth 3} cents per pound live weight, or
S2.G2} per head. We would then have—
100 yearlings first cost, $2G2.50; cost of
pasture and feed at the same rate as he
would keep for hire 100 sheep of like
quality, for the months of July, August,
September, October, and November, allowing them • twenty-five acres of gra-s,
and the run of the fallows and stubbles,
at two cents per week, twenty-one weeks,
$42; feed from December 1st to May 1st,
150 days*. 150 bushels of corn at 50 cents,
$75; ten tons of hay at $8 per ton, $80;
seven acres of corn stalks at $7, $49; seven acres of straw at $1 per acre, $7; cost of
men to feed, $20; one barrel salt, $2;
washing and shearing, $15; marketing
and care of fleeces, $5; May and June
pasturage, $16. Total cost of sheep for
the year, $573.50.
At the end of the year on the first of
July, we have the sheep at two years old,
and supposing there have been no accidents, no deaths, no shrinkage from disease, but a healthy growth from their
feed as above given, we should have a
hundred sheep, averaging 95 pounds in
weight, and worth 4 cents per pound live
weight in the field, as nothing extra is
counted for their quality as fine wools:—
100 two-year olds, of 95lbs., at 4 cts. $380;
manure "made during the season—100
loads at $1 per load, $100.
We caviled some at the value put on
the manure, as somewhat high, but our
friend was a practical farmer, and he
said that a load of sheep manure made
under cover, as such manure was generally made, was worth $1, and that he
knew that 100 sheep would make that
amount of manure if fed and littered as
he had allowed. Hence we had the following result: Paid originally for sheep,
$202.50; cost of pasture and winter keeping, $291; cost of care of fleeces, $20. Total cost of sheep for one year, $573.50.
Value of sheep and manure, $480. The
difference between cost and value, $93.50,
is the cost of one hundred fleeces of wool.
These 2-year olds were estimated to
Produce 7 pounds each of washed wool,
hat was the average he found they would
shearj generally the fleeces would go over
that, if bred from good fine wool rams and
ewes thoroughbred. The produce would
therefore be 700 pounds of wool, the production ot which would cost the wool-
grower at a fraction less than 14 cents
per pound, or to give it exact it would be
13 cents and.five sevenths. So that wool
sold at 30 cents would fully yield 100 per
cerit. on its cost, not counting the value of
the increase of the sheep or the manure
left on theland.
He had been satisfied that the better
the sheep the better they paid for some
time, but these facts, which were taken
from his own experience, had satisfied
him that those who kept thoroughbred
sheep had a great advantage over those
who kept sheep whose fleeces were not of
the first quality. He had kept sheep at
first whose fleeces only yielded four
•pounds on an average. They consumed
just as much, and they made just about
the same amount of manure. |
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