.T
Only Agricnltunil Paper in Indiana.
Devotes a Department to the Interests of the
Order of the Patrons of Husbandry.
Bndoraed by Indiana Btate Board of Agriculture, Indiana Horticultural Society,
TnrMana short-hom Breeders'
Convention, and many
County and District Societies.
KINGSBURY & CONNER, Publishers,
OFFICES Ne. 8 BstM Block, Opposite- tht P. 0.,
INDIANAPOLIS, IND.
BUBSCTUpnow Trans—Two Dollars per Year;
to Clubs of four or more, 1175 each.
.ADVERTISING DEP.AJ.TMENT.
This Department has been placed ln the
charge of W. C. Gerard, to when, all Inquiries
pertaining to advertising should be addressed.
Terms—For four Insertions or less, ordinary
pages, 15 cents per line each Insertion—12 lines
nonpareil type per Inch. More than four and
lees than thirteen Insertions, 12K eents per
line; more than 13 and less than 96 Insertions,
10 centa per line. Liberal discounts for large
advertisements and yearly contracts.
Indianapolis, October 2d, 1875.
Our New Premium List
The Premium List ol the Indiana Farmer
for 1876 will be a very brilliant one, composed
of Stock, Implements, Machinery, and other
articles or utility.
The special feature of this list ls that the numerous and generous friends of the Indiana
Farmer, are donating these articles to our list
of premiums.   They cost us nothing.
The generous donors feel that tbey are amply
compensated ln the wide circulation ot so good
a paper, and by the announcement we give
tbem In our Premlnm List. Thus we shall be
able, as last year, to pnt the Farmer down to
the lowest rate to subscribers, and yet to give
these donated articles, which make up our
superb list, to those who spend their time ln
getting up clubs.
Already a large number of articles have been
offered and accepted, on these terms, for our
premium list. All who desire to be represented
by articles, stock, Implements, farm machinery
etc., etc., In our premium list for next year,
should send ln their offers, if possible, by the
10th or 15th of October. In addition to those
already enrolled a limited nnmber will yet be
received. About that time we wish to complete
the list, and make our announcement for the
year 1878.
From many parts of the State our friends
write us that the circulation of the Farmer
will be doubled. We Intend to give the paper
a new dress, and otherwise improve lt for the
new year.    	
EDITORIAL NOTES.
The grain exports from New York are
now considerably over one million bushels per week.
 1     e»     I	
The State Geologist, Prof. Cox, is
surveying the resources of some of the
northern counties of our State, with
good prospects of developing unknown
sources of wealth,
The English people place their grain
and hay in stacks, claiming in that country that it is so damp they would spoil
if placed in barns, where the air could
1 not as readily circulate.
The course of crop rotation in England is to follow grass with wheat, and
that' with a root crop. Turnips, for
stock feed, nsed to be nearly the universal root crop, bnt they are failing in some
localities of late, and mangolds take the
place. .
 ■     e»     ■	
During last year we exported to England 60,000,000 bushels of wheat, and the
year before, 71,036,000. The latest information from that country indicate a
deficit this year of 80,000,000 bushels,
and we will be called on to supply tho
most of it.
The wheat crop in Canada is below
the average this year, yet is better than
was expected. Corn promises a better
yield than for several years. The Colo
rado beetle has reached Canada, but the
damage to the potato crop is not large
Hay is a very large crop this season.
Our western farmers are entirely too
careless with the barnyard and stable
manure. In the eastern States it is properly regarded as representing so many
dollars, as they do their grain which is
produced by it. No soil is more bene
fitted by manure than our own naturally
rich western soils. No odds how rich,
the crop is lamely increased by the carefnl use of manure, and it shonld therefore be carefully preserved and used.
Improved Corn Crib.—The Agriculturist suggests the folio wing plan for a
crib that will be free from rats and mice,
elevated three feet above the ground on
firmly set posts.   The cribs are six to
eight feet wide, and of any desired length;
for 4,000 bushels of corn in the ear the
building should be forty feet long, with
cribs eight feet wide and twelve feet high.
The outside is closely boarded and battened.   The floors of the cribs are made
of three-inch strips, set an inch and a
half apart, to admit a current of air.
The space between the cribs is twelve
feet wide, and is closed inside from the
bottom of the cribs to the ground, forming an inside shed,
which is not accessible to any fa r m
animals or vermin.
This inner shed is
closed by sliding
doors at eaoh end.
The crib is boarded
np inside the shed
with three-inch
strips placed quarter of an ineh or
half an inch apart
to admit air.   The
cribs are thus made
weather - proof on
the outside, and by
opening the sliding
doors free circulation of air can he
obtained in  fine
weather.   Above,
the shed is floored
over, forming an
apartment twelve
feet wide by forty
feet long  for  the
storage of oorn.   A
trap door may be
made in the conter
of this floor to hand
up corn from below..
Any corn that is shelled off from tho
ears and falls through the floor can be
picked up by poultry or pigs, and none
will be wasted.   If desired, lean-to sheds
may be built against the sides of the
crib, giving valuable room for many purposes.   The shed between the cribs will
make an excellent storehouse for implements, and as many doors may be made
in the cribs as may be desired.   These
should be slide doors, and loose boards
should be placed across the_ doorways
inside to prevent the corn resting against
them.   The roof should be well shingled
and a door made at each end of the upper loft, which may be opened as needed
for thorough ventilation.
The following shows the relative progress of the prices of wheat in the three
principal markets of the world since
May. The prices of ocean freights from
New York are also given in the right
hand column:
Ocean
Chicago. New York. IM-erpool. fricghls.
May «....
 3 -»5
I1.H
8a   4d
8VJ3M
July IS...
  1.08
1222
8s  8d
7,Sl9Bd
July 15...
 1J.
12S
8s  7d
July 22...
. 1-77
1.40
10s
8 (j8>4d
Aug. 15...
 1.16
12X
10s 3d
9}}(510d
Bept.«....
 Ul
1.28
Ds  7d
Sept. 10..
 1J5
128
NslOd
Sept. H„
...... 1.15
1.28
Ss M
...
Sept. 21..
...... 1.07
1.23
8s 6d
«   ©7d
Little words are the sweetest to hear;
little charities fly furthest and stay longest on the wing; little flakes are stillest;
little hearts the fondest and little farms
the best tilled. Little books are the
most read aod little songs the dearest
loved. And when nature would make
anything especially rare and beautiful
Bbe makes it little—little pearls, little
diamonds, little dews. Agar's is a model
prayer, yet it is but a little one and the
burden of the petition is but for little
The sermon on the mount is little, but
the last dedication discourse was an
hour. Life is made up of littles : death
is what remains of them all. Day is
made up of little beams and night is
glorious with little stars.
RED—One year old.   A Oeorglana, by Duke of Hlllhuint (2840).   Imported by, and the property of B. 11. Oroom <£
Hon, of Winchester, Kentucky, and to bo Included ln their great sale of October llth.
Old Timber.
The wind-mill is rapidly coming into
general use by farmers. In some of the
richest farming districts of our State
there are no running streams of
water. Fresh, pure water is indispensable on the farm for the prosperity and
health of the stock, and this is readily
reached by wells and the windmill. On
many of our finest prairie and upland
farms, large tanks are erected near the
wells, elevated enough to run the water
by pipes under ground, to keep them
from freezing in ordinary winter weather,
to the stable and places of watering the
stock. The windmill pumps and does all
the labor. Cream and milk houses are
also frequently supplied with fresh run
ning water from these wells and tanks.
COVERING MANURE.
The Millwright, in a statistical article,
discusses the supply and market of
wheat. It gets its figures from the most
reliable sources, and says that by refer-
ing to the statistics of imports into the
United Kingdom for a period of 19 years,
we find that when the United Kingdom's
requirements are the greatest; that
Egypt, Turkey and Austria exports
largely, as per examples: In the year
18G5 the United Kingdom only imported
20,962,963 hundred-weights, Austria,
Turkey and Egypt only contributed
975,485 hundred-weights, and in 1867,
when the imports into the United Kingdom were 34,645,569 hundred-weights,
the same nations contributed 3,899,024
hundred weights, and again in 1868,
another short year in the United Kingdom, 5,954,729 hundred-weights. For
the year 1865 Germany and France
exported to the United Kingdom 9,070,-
165 hundred weights, and in 1868 they
only exported 6,099,776 hundred weights
to the United Kingdom.
Although importing largely from other
natioDs,_ the United Kingdom looks to
the United States and Russia for her
chief supply. In substantiation of the
above we present the following table of
imports by hundred-weights into the
United Kingdom from 1869 to 1873 inclusive (years end with December 31):
Years. All Countries. United States. Russia.
15,901,500 9,158,338
15J0U.238 10,269,191
16,664,153 15,651,000
10,454.922 17,855,658
23,558,277 8,595,679
26,855,726 5,711,488
The above table of imports establishes
another very important fact, viz: that
while the imports into the United Kingdom for^ the past two years from the
United States nave increased, that from
Russia have decreased. Official reports
from Russia give the yield of wheat in
the years 1873 and in 1874 up to the previous seasons and that this year's yield
(reported by cablegram) was an average.
It necessarily follows that the stock held
in Russia must bo very large, indeed at
one shipping port, Odessa, the stock was
greater December 31,1874, by one-third
than it was at thc same time in 1873,
which was then greater than at the same
date in 1872.
This season the  United States as a
The New Market Express has the following review of the corn market for the
week: The last gatherings of the harvest in the" south of England have been
well secured. The usual consequence
has ensued and a reduction in the price
of wheat has been universal, say from
one to two shillings per quarter. As our
averages, however, are only one shilling
and six pence above those of last year,
there seems to be little room on a scanty
and poor crop for further depression, and
as money goes begging, it may find a
profitable vent in the corn trade. The
French claim that the growth has exceeded their wants hy three million
quarters, but the fact that the French
farmers are more reluctant than ourselves to give way, confirms the impression that the estimate is enormous. The
Paris market has been steady for flour
and line wheat, though it pays out a
shilling easier for inferior now. In_ the
provinces there has been very little ■
change. On the continent generally
there has been but little movement, the
markets in some places being firmer, and
jn others easier. In Holland prices have
only declined a shilling, and in Belgium
hardly that, but in Hungary with better
supplies there has been a decline of two
shillings per quarter, and the same is
true of Denmark. Holders at Odessa
still demand higher prices.
1808 .37,690,828
1870 .30,901,229
1871 39,389,803
1872 42,127,726
1873  43,863,098
1874 41,479,460
LUMBER SUPPLY.
The Chicago Times accompanies its
report of the meeting of the National
Association of Lumbermen with the following statements. It is, of course,
difficult to estimate the pine timber supply of the country, but the best authorities indorse the following figures:
Feet
.Michigan. — 50,000,Oo6,000
Wisconsin - 40,000,000,000
Minnesota ~ ... 25,000,000,000
Pennsylvania _    7,000,000,000
Maine    4,000,000.000
West Virginia.. „    7,000,000,000
Missouri    7,000,000,000
Arkansas.    7,000,000,000
Tennessee    4,000.000,000
Mississippi _    4,000^0,000
Alabama. _    2,000/100,000
Texas- -. 15,000,000,000
The Carollnas, Virginia, Georgia
and Florida -. 30,000,000,000
Yellowstone Valley  10,000,000,000
New Mexico, pitch »lne    8,000,000,000
California 100,000,000,000
Probably the oldest timber in the
world which has been subjected to the
uso of man is that which is found in the
ancient temples of Egypt. It is found
in connection with the stone work which
is known to be at least 4,000 years old.
This wood, and the only wood used in
the construction of the temple, is in tho
form of ties, boldine< the end of the
stone with another in its upper surface.
When two blocks were laid in place,
then it appears that an excavation about
an inch deep was mado in each block,
into which an hour-glass-shaped tio was
driven. It is, therefore, very difficult
to force any stone from its position.
The ties appear to havo been the tama-
rask or shittim wood, of which the ark
was constructed, a sacred tree of ancient
Egypt, and now rarely found in the valley of the Nile. Those dove-tailed ties
arejust as sound now as on the day of
their insertion. Although fuel is ex
tremely scarce in that country, these bits
of wood are not large enough to make it
an object with the Arabs to heave off
layer after layer of heavy stone for so
small a prize. Had they been of bronze,
half of the old temples would have
been destroyed years ago, so precious
would they have been 1'or various purposes.
 • > ■	
Sowing Timothy and Clover.
My practice is to harrow the wheat
three times in the spring. We go over
the wheat both ways with the harrows,
and then sow the clover seed and follow
with the harrows to cover the seed. If
the ground is very hard, the harrows do
not break up the crust sufficiently to
afford a good covering for the seed, and
if dry weather follows we have a poor
"catch" on these hard spots. I have
my doubts as to which is tho better
plan, but am inclined to think that so
far as securing a good catch of timothy
and clover is_ concerned, it is better to
give up the idea of harrowing winter
wheat in the spring, and to sow timothy
seed in the fall, and the clover seed in
the fall, and the clover seed very early
in spring. It depends very much on the
soil and season. _ The harrowing helps
the wheat and kills a good many weeds,
and on sandy loam the harrow leaves a
good seed-bed^ lor the clover, and if we
are favored with a few showers, we are
pretty sure of a good catch of clover.—
American Agriculturist.
Indigestion in Horses.
The following are the counties in
Minnesota which were devastated by the
locusts, and the estimate of the destruction of wheat in each thin season:
Bushels.
Nicollet-   400,000
Blue Earth    100 000
Sibley   300,000
► Wantonwan     100,000
Cottonwood _     40,000
JBrown„     106,000
Total- 1,120,000
Total 320,000,000,000
As the annual consumption of pine is
about 8,500,000,000 feet, itis easy to calculate the tenure of the supply, providing the same figures be maintained.
About 40 years would suffice to wipe out
the last remnant. But there is no use
getting panicky over this subject. Long
before the supply cries "halt," an era of
economy will have set in, lumber won't
be wasted for fencing, there will be substitutes for many things it now enters
into, and thero will be established a general equilibrium, as there always is
whenever a real emergency presents
itself. None of these figures have reference to hemlock or hard woods, with
which our iorest states abound, particularly the former in almost unlimited
quantities. In Michigan and Wisconsin
are vast forests of curled and bird's-eye
maple, which may be classed amoug the
finest and most beautiful finishing
woods; large quantities of the finest oak
and blaok walnut, and virtually inexhaustible stores of hemlock.—New York
Journal of Commerce.
 ■     if     , —
More fall wheat will be sown in Kansas this season than ever before. The
acreage will exceed that of last year
fully 25 per cent. The drill is being
used extensively—the best and only way
to insure a crop.
Good for Kansas.
With 9,000,000 bushels of surplus
wheat this year, Kansas farmers will
receive $9,000,000 clear from that crop
alone. For their 54,000,000 bushels surplus corn, they will get at least $13,000,-
000. Allowing them only $5,000,000 for
other marketable crops we find that they
will have $27,000,000 to pay debts and
make improvements, besides beginning
another year with ample provisions to
last their families and farm stock till
another crop can be raised. How is
that for a "grasshopper country" settled since tho war? In five years from
now, the unorganized counties of Kansas, that do not at present contain a
single human habitation or agricultural
implement, wjll be shipping mora wheat
than California.—Leavenworth Times.
■   m   ■	
Spelt.—In the southern part of Germany, and in some parts of France, a
species of wheat is grown which ia called
spelt. It differs from common wheat in
that tho kernel is so tightly closed in
the husk that the two cannot be separated by threshing, and a peculiar machine
is used for accomplishing this.
 ■     e»    I
If-you fall into misfortune, disengage
yourself as well as you can. Creep
through the bushes that have the fewest
briars.
Says tho Country Gentleman: Tho
importance of placing manure under
cover, to prevent the wash of rains, has
been often urged by agricultural writers.
We havo always insisted that much depended on the character of the manure.
If clear dung, or with no other absorbent, it is obvious that water pouring
upon it from tho clouds would carry off
much of its best portions. If on thc
contrary, there wore large quantities of
straw used and mixed all through it,
exposure would be likely to facilitate
rotting and give a positive advantage,
the large quantities of straw preventing
all washing. The following statement
of experiments made by Lord Kincaid I
of Scotland, would be more valuable if'
the readers wore informed which of these
kinds of manure were used :
Four acres of good soil were measured,
two of them were manured with ordinary
barnyard manure, and two with an equal
quantity of manure from the covered
shed. The whole was planted with potatoes. The product of each acre was
as follows:
Potatoes treated with barnyard manure:
One acre produced 272 bushels.
Ono aore produced 292 bushels.
Potatoes manured from the covered
sheds:
Ono acre produced 442 bushels.
One acre produced 471 bushels.
The next year the land was sown with
wheat, when the crop was as follows:
Wheat on land treated with barnyard
manure:
One acre produced 41 bushels, 18
pounds, (of 61 pounds per bushel.)
One acre produced 42 bushels, 38
pounds, (of 61 pounds per bushel.)
Wheat on land manured from covered
sheds:
Ono aore produced 55 bushels, 5 pounds
(of 61 pounds per bushel.)
One acre produced 58 bushels, 47
pounds, (of 61 pounds per bushel.)
The straw also yielded one-third more
upon the land fertilized with the manure
from the coveredstalls than upon that
to which the ordinary manure was applied.
Progress in Science.
An English paper says: "The progress
of natural science has of late led to the
utilization of hitherto unsuspected
forces. Among the most curious discoveries in this direction, that of a
Scotch naturalist, who has put a mole
in harness, deserves particular notice.
Being desirous of testing the strength
of the " little gentleman in black velvet,"
he caught ono alive and tied it by the
tail to a child's toy cart. The mole
weighed two and three-quarter ounces,
and the cart with stones put into it
weighed in all sixteen pounds. This
the little creature drew with seeming
case in presence of many spectators.
An animal capable of drawing so many
times its own weight ought to be valuable for purposes of draught, but as a
team of moles could not be left standing outside _ a public house for any
reasonable time without disappearing
under ground, there is little probability that any improvement will take
place in the race through association
in the labors of man."
season
supply market attracts great interest.
For the past six harvest seasons, ending
June 30th, thero wore exported from all
ports in the United States to all foreign
countrias tho following in
Years. Bushels.
ISflS 17,558,838
}SV - -38,681,115
!£1 _ .34,304,906
1872 .26,423,080
,8J3 .39,201,285
,£ij .71,039,928
loia 42,000,000
In 1871 tho crop of the United States
was, in round numbers, 18,000,000 more
than   in   1873,   and,   notwithstanding
which, tho exports for the same wero, in
round  numbers, 29,000.000  less.   This
year's crop is placed at 54,000,000 bushels less than last year, with a large quantity of old on hand East, and a larger
crop of corn than ever before known.
Taking the increased yield in 1874 over
1873, and the lessened exports and the
increased quantity of old over best seasons in hand, and we can export from
the crop this season as much as we did
during the season ending June, 30, 1874,
and then carry a large quantity into next
season.   The   amount  we reported for
the season ending June 30,1874, equals,
in round numbers, 38,000,000 hundredweights, of which amount the United
Kingdom can draw up to as high as she
did in 1874.   Then saying that the United   Kingdom's  requirements   will   be
50,000,000  hundred-weights   (in   round
numbers 94,250,000 bushels) she takes
from   us    26,000,000   hundred-weights
which will  leave 24,000,000 to be supplied^ other nations, of which amount
Russia can go to her highest exports—in
round   numbers,   19,000,000   hundredweights, leaving only 5,000,000 hundredweights which can be drawn from Turkey, Egypt and Austria; besides which
she can draw from Germany, as there has
not been a year for over 20 years past
but    she   has    taken   from   Germany
from    2,000,000    hundred-weights    np
to7,500,000.      The    United    Kingdom
has never imported within her history as
high as 44,000,000 hundred-weights, the
highest amount reached was in 1873, but
in  our   statement   we  have   put it at
60,000,000 so as to be over rather than
under.
 1       HI    o     .	
Gems of Truth.
M. Pety, a French veterinary surgeon,
draws attention, says the American
Farmer, to the liability of horses and
cattle suffering from indigestion from
the consumption of forage in a humid or
musty state. It is from over-feeding this
complaint is ordinarily produced, or to
the too rapid transition from dry, unlimited green food. Another very common cause is the putting of animals to
work immediately after their feed. The
giving of chaff and the refuse of the
threshing machine is also another principal source, as well as excessively cold
water, and, above all, allowing the animal to drink the water of marshes. A
little salt or handful ef meal is excellent
in the drinks. Old animals ought never
to be given too much food at once, and it
should ever be mixed with a little straw.
When the horse shows symptoms of indigestion, restlessness, suddenly refusing
food, resting on one leg, then on another,
the head drooping and seeking the left
flank, its excrements either hard or
liquid, &c, an excitant, as three ounces
of kitchen salt or a glass of gin in a bottle
of water, will afford relief- or an infusion
of chamomile and sage. In case pain exists, two spoonfuls of laudanum will prove
excejlent. Of course soap "injectiens,
friction and fumigation, are not to be
overlooked. Bleeding, in case of grain
indigestion, becomes mortal.
How Coffee Came to be Used.
It is somewhat singular to trace the
manner in which arose the use of the
common beverage^ of coffee, without
which few persons in any half or wholly
civilized country in the world now make
breakfast. At the time Columbus discovered America it had never been known
or used. It only grew in Arabia or Upper Utopia.
The discovery of its use aa a beverage
is ascribed to the Superior of a monastery
in Arabia, who desirous of preventing
the monks from sleeping at their nocturnal services, made them drink the infusion of coffee, on the reports of shepherds, who observed that their flocks
were more lively after browsing on the
fruit of that plant. Its reputation spread
through the adjacent countries, and in
about two hundred years it had reached
Paris.
A single plant, brought there in 1714,
became the parent stock of all the French
coffee plantations in the West Indies,
and the French and Spanish all over
South America and the West Indies.
The extent of the consumption now can
hardly be realized. The United States
alone annually consumes it at the cost,
on its landing, of from fifteen to sixteen
millions of dollars.
Means of Detecting Alcohol
Mixture.
in any
According to a Vioksburg newspaper,
there is not a broom factory in the
South. If there were a market for
broom-corn, farmers could realize $100
per acre by its production, and the capital invested in its manufacture would
pay 40 per cent.
The animosities are mortal, but the
humanities live forever.
To the blessed eternity itself there is
no other handle than this instant.
The soul that suffers is stronger than
the soul that rejoices.—Elizabeth Shep-
pard.
Many actions, like Rhone, have two
sources—one pure, the other impure.—
J. C Hare.
He who does a base thing in zeal for
his friend burns the golden thread that
ties their hearts together.
Lying is like trying to hide in a fog;
if you move about, you are in danger of
bumping your head against the truth;
as soon as the fog blows up, you are
gone anyhow.
 ■ e    »    ■ '	
What is this world? A dream within
a dream As we grow older, each step
has an inward awakening. The youth
awakes, as he thinks, from childhood—
the full-grown man despises the pursuits
of youth as visionary—the old man looks
on manhood as a feverish dream. Is
death the last sleep ? No—it is the last
final awakening.—Sir Walter Scott,
Mr. D. Blackstock, of Scotland, an
eminent and successful sheep raiser, has
arrived in the Arkansas valley and purchased lands for a ranohe.
M. Jacquemart employs for this purpose a liquid prepared with 1 grm. of
mercury and 12 grms. of nitric acid
(strength and temperature not given),
No. 2 ammonia and No. 3, a test paper
prepared of steeping filter paper in a
concentrated solution of aniline, and
then when dry in an alcoholic or ethereal
solution of some resin, e. g., tincture of
benzoin. When the paper is dry it is
cut into little pieces which are cemented
upon cards.
To detect alcohol in a liquid, pour 1
grm. into a test glass, then add the liquid
No. 1 (how much?), and after two minutes No. 2. If alcohol is present there
is produced a black precipitate or a gray
coloration of greater or less intensity.
If the body in question is a solid
(soaps, pastes, pomades, etc.), it is stirred
up in water in which alcohol is sought
for by the above mentioned process.
Or the solid body js rubbed upon the
prepared paper. If it contains alcohol
the paper takes a bright red color, whilst
in the absence of alcohol it remains colorless.— Chemical Review.
The Efforts of the Hens.
An Atlanta, Georgia, negro has succeeded in domesticating partridges, and
now has about sixty young birds, hatched
out in the spring, all doing well. They
are tame, healthy, and seem contented.
 «     e»     ■	
Dig potatoes as soon as the tops are dying or dead, leaving them in heaps to
sweat before finally burying.
A curious statement has been made '
and published in a French paper in regard
to hens.   It reckons the number of hens
in   France   at   40,000,000,   valued   at
$20,000,000.   Of these about one-fifth are
killed annually for the market.   There
is an annual net production of 80,000,000
chickens, which in market yield $24,000,-
000.   The extra value to be added for
capons, fattened hens, and the like, is
put at $2,000,000.    The production of ]
eggs per hen, worth $48,000,000.   In all,
it is reckoned that the value of hens,.
chickens and eggs sold in the markets
of France, is $80,000,000.