Vol. X.
IKDIAJNAPOLIS, INDIANA, AUGUST 14th, 1875.
No. 32.
LiYG Stock.
x
Indkna Farmer Family.
I. N. Barker, of Boone county, will
in a few days go to Canada for the purpose of importing another fine lot of
Berkshire hogs.
.■*^__ __— * _ifi_:
r/-^i-_^_S_.^
New Hog Disease.—We are told
that a new disease among the hogs has
appeared in the northern part of Allen
county, this State, from whieh hundreds
of them are dying. The nature and
cause of the new disease is unknown, but
it makes short work of its victims. We
hope that some of our »correspondents
there win give us something further concerning it. _.
Late Importations.—General S.
Meredith & Son have lately imported
some.finr Short-Horns from England,
and some superb Berkshire hogs. Three
are of the sows have had litters since pS_3_s_5
their arrival, by boars yet in England.
The stock is all in good. condition, but
tired and sore trom loDg traveling. We*"""
are promised a description of the stock
soon for publication.
GOOD STOCK  AS WELL AS GOOD
LAND.
The National Live Stock Journal, in
an article on mixed husbandry, makes
the following pertinent remarks:
But the raising ahd feeding of stock
should be considered as one of the regular departments of the farm—from which
a steady and considerable income pay be
derived—instead of one ofthe accidental
incidents of farm management. It should
be considered as a business, and conducted as Buch. Any farmer, in selecting a farm, will look first at the quality
of the soil; it would be folly to attempt
to argue with him that one acre is as
good as another; he knows better, and
that one acre of a certain quality or soil
will produce as much as_ two or three
acres of another kind of soil. And when he
starts out to select the stock to bo raised
and fed on his farm, he should use the
same sound practical sense which he
would employ if buying land, for one
acre is no more as good as another acre,
than one steer or pig is as good as another
steer or pig. One acre ot one particular
kind of soil will produce much more
than acre of another kind of soil, with
equal cultivation, and animals of certain
particular kinds will yield more on the
same keep than animals of other particu-.
lar kinds. As the farmer would select
the land which will' produce the most,
let him select the live stock of the farm
with the same end in view.
Then, the farmer knows, that, by giving his crops a certain kind of treatment,
by following a certain rule of rotation,
by the use of fertilizers, and by certain
modes of cultivation at different times in
different stages of growth, the product of
the land will be very largely increased.
Let him study the operation ofthe same
laws upon his live stock. Let him pursue just those modes of treatment, feeding, and management generally, as will
make the stock most productive.
TANSY TOR BOTS IN HORSES.
View of the Buildings and Grounds of the Indiana State Fair and Exposition.
STABLE FEEDING.
JERSEY CATTLE.
A correspondent of the Department of
Agriculture says:
lt appears from remarks by different
writers that none know of any certain
remedy.-' I know of a remedy that is safe
and certain, discovered in the following
way: About thirty years ago:a.friend
lost by bots a very fine horse. He took
from the stomach of the dead horse about
a gill of bots and brought them to my
office to experiment upon. He made
preparations of every remedy he. had
heard of, and put some of them into
each. Most had no effect, a few affected
them slightly, but sage-tea more than
anything else; that killed them in fifteen
hours. He concluded that he would
kill them by using nitric acid; hut it had
no more effect on them than water; the
third day they were as   lively as when
Eut in. A bunch of tansy was growing
y my office. He took a handful of that,
bruised it, added a little water, squeezed
out the juice and put some in; they were
dead in one minute. Since then I have
given it to every horse I have seen
affected with bots, and have never known
it to fail of giving entire relief. My
friend had another horse affected with
bots, several years later. He gave him
the tansy in the morning and a dose of
salts in the evening; the next morning he
took up from the excretions three half
pints of bots.
_ m    sfc    .	
Jersey Butter Cow.—A Jersey cow,
owned by Nathan SkinDer, of Plainfleld,
Vermont, yielded 503. pounds of butter
in   the ten   months following   April 4,
.1874, besides milk and cream for two
persons.   She was fed two quarts of meal
Jper day, and after Sept. 1, two quarts of
ibran in addition.
A correspondent of the Farmers'
Home .Journal writes: "It is very
strange that some farmers will, or cau-
not comprehend, that there is money in
feeding their stook in suitable stables.
Some say^ 'we have no stables;' others,
'it is too much trouble;' and still others,
'there is no need of it. as long as stock
does well enough out doors.' The expense of putting up stables is certainly
not very great when we take into consideration the benefit arising therefrom,
and that by the right kind of management the stock can be kept cheaper and
in a much better condition than by continual exposure to the weather, as experience shows. I know of a good many
farmers who would profit greatly by
keeping one special man to take care of
their stock. His business should be
feeding, cleaning the stables, end properly handling the manure. To think
that manure can only be kept good
under a roof, is a wrong idea. I have
tried it both ways, and found that the
manure exposed to weather was generally the best. It must be heaped judiciously, and the way 1 proceed is the
following: I commence a heap by getting all kinds of rubbish, which, if decomposed, will be a good fertilizer, on a
level place about sixteen feet square, and
then use long straw manure for building
a wall on the outsides of it, while I put
the small manure in the center of the
heap. I continue this until the pile is
six feet high, only gradually inclining
the walls toward the top, where it might
be about fourteen feet square. A heap
constructed on this plan will thoroughly
rot, and lose hardly enough to talk nbout
by liquidflowing from it in a wet season.
Besides, it is kept from scattering all
over the stable yard, which is generally
the case when piled up at random.
Stables should be cleaned out at least
once a week; it will not only be very conducive to the health of stock, but will
facilitate cleaning horses, &c., most remarkably. Stable manure is an almost
indispensable article on a farm, and
farmers who have neglected that part of
their business will all sooner or later see
how great an error they have committed
by not having attended to it in_ time to
save their land from perfect sterility. It
is said that a German will do well on a
place on which a native will starve, but
this is only caused by the German bringing a small tract of land into a high state
of cultivation, while the native will from
year to year take a crop from his fields
without ever thinking of restoring tlie
productiveness cf the same by fertilization."
 s     .     .
The Stock Journal, of Texas, upon
the subject of stock raising in Texas, and
the future development of the industry,
says that the 750.000 of beef cattle which
Texas has sent for the last three or four
years annually to the markets of St.
Louis and Chicago, have not, in any
material degree, diminished the price of
butchers' meat in the markets of the
chief cities of the Union. With a quadrupled population, even, the demand and
consequently the price, would without
doubt keep pace, since Texas is now
shipping immense quantities of canned
beef to Europe.
 . ■     _s    s	
Says the Canada Farmer : "French
horses are now imported into England
with profit and success. At a recent
sale of French horses the average price
was $270 each, none selling for less than
$200. Although by the conditions of
sale every animal was returnable if not
approved, not one was rejected. Another
importation and sale is announced. We
directed the attention of Canadian farmers a short time ago to the fact that
horses could be bred here and exported
to England at four years old, leaving a
handsome profit for the breeder. The
English agricultural papers note our
suggestion and speak favorably of it."
Ifthe valut": of Jersey .rock is to rest
on color, deterioration will surely follow
of those useful qualities that are far
more noticeable in 'he good old-fashioned parti-colored cow. than that which
will be found among tne generality of
fine, high-bred, whole colored fawns,
grays, or foxy, so-called Jerseys. I have-
owncd hundreds of acclimated slersey
stock and have never, as a rule, found
the whole-colored such large producers,
as many parti-colored ones; in fact by
far the most butter-producing cow I
ever possessed, was not only parti-colored, but the most ugly and ungainly
beast of the lot, yet her stock have never
failed to show their large butter-making qualities. The true type ofa Jersey
cow is in fact an animal that will _ot
make meat. I do not say that this is
improved upon, by acclimatization and a
slight introduction of a hardier breed,
of which what are termed Chichester
Jersey are the best description, neither
do I say that .Jersey breeders in the
Island itself have not in some instances
a breed that shows a disposition to make
some flesh, and very probably may then
be following up the requirements of
fashion, yet I maintain that pure Jersey
should throw the bulk of her feeding
properties into butter, and with little to
flesh. Tbe parti-colored good cow may
have but a white spot, especially under
the belly, but throughout the body the
rich yellow skin, under any colored hair,
will be found, black white or fawn. I
have seen the commencement of a whole-
colored herd, the property of a noble
duke, to obtain which I have seen
wealthy and large producing cows sold
off to prevent an animal remaining with
the slightest stain of other than one
color.—London Agricultural Gazette.
TnE Sheep Bot-Fly.—For some unknown purpose there is a fly in existence
known as (Eslrus ovis, or the sheep-fly.
At this season these flies deposit their
eggs just within the nostrils of the sheep.
The eggs soon hatch, and the grubs crawl
up the nose and lodge in the frontal sinuses. Here they remain, causing much
inconvenience to the sheep. The only
remedy is to keep the sheep's noses
smeared with tar while the fly is in season. Some shepherds blow tobacco
smoke up the nostrils, which causes the
grubs to let go their hold and the sheep
to sneeze at the same time. In this way
the .rubs are dislodged and got rid of.—
New York Times.
Onr Portal Card Correipoxtdenoe.
Catarrh in Horses.— A. V. S., Mr.
William Horne, recommends in the
Country Gentleman the following for
nasal catarrh in horses: Take of Til-
den & Co.'s bromp chloralum one part to
ten of water and inject it up the nostrils,
about three times every morning for a
week, being careful not to injure the
membrane inside tbe nostrils. Give internally two drachms of blue vitriol well
pulverized ahd mixed in dampened feed
(not wet) each day for about a week.
SiiEEr in Australia.—Australia
shows an increase during seven years of
12.000,000 sheep and 2,000,000 head of
cattle, without counting home consnmp-
tionand the quantity of meat imported
in tins. In New Zealand, during the
same period, the increase in the number
of she»p and cattle was equally remarkable, the former multiplying from 8,418,-
579 to 11,694.863, and the latter from
312.830 to 494,114.
THE DIFFERENCE WHICH BLOOD
MAKES.
Mr. J. L. Campbell, Abiugdon, sends
the National Live Stock Journal the following interesting account of the herd
of his sisier, Mrs. Byram, at that place.
It shows the advantage of using good
blood upon the farm, and Mr. Campbell
in connection with the account of this
herd, relates a little bit of history which
illustrates this point, very forcibly :
Tbe first lot of calves came in thc
spring and summer of 1863—a capital lot
of calves, twelve of which were bulls.
Not being advertised, these were priced
to the farmers in Ihe neighborhood, at
fifty dollars for choice. The best offer
we obtained, however, wa« a native or
scrub of the same age. Thoy were not
permitted to run long, and were made
steers of. The next lot, also, twelve in
number, were all altered, a scrub steer
being the best offer we could get for
choice. When the first lot were two
years old they were sold to Reuben
Houk.at $65 per head, and four natives
the same age, fed and grazed together
with the thoroughbreds, sold at $45.
They were sold in May, when some of
the Durhams were not yet two years old.
The second lot were sold to Newton
Baldwin, of Warren Co., bringing _)6
per head. They weighed a fraction over
1.200 lbs., although several were not two
years old—one not two years till August
and they were weighed the 1st of May.
Baldwin refused to buy five natives, same
age and feed, at $65. He bought them
two months later, at $65. This opened
thc eyes of the farmers; and with the
exception of about six or seven inferior
calves that were altered,-each succeeding crop of calves has met with a ready
sale. Still there area few farmers who
cling to the black, brindle and line-back
sorts,
 >    s>    >	
Importation of Short-Horns.
Messrs. Lowman & Smith, of Toulon,
Illinois, have recently imported from
the herd of Amos Cruickshank, Aberdeenshire, Scotland, seven Short-Horn
cows:
Lovely 18th, roan, calved March 4th,
1674; by Honeycomb (2886), out of Lovely llth by Allen (21172).
Butterfly 45th, calved January 26th,
1874. by Viceroy (32764), out of Butterfly 37th by Champion of England
(17526.)
Butterfly 46th, red,, calved Hth
February, 1874, by Ceasar Augustus
(25704), out of Butterfly 12th by St.
Clair (25708.)
Missie 35th, roan, calved July 2d,
1870, by Prince of Stokeslcy (27177), out
of Missie 5th by Lord of Lorn (18258).
Goldie 18th, red, calved April lst,
1874, by Young Englishman (31113), out
of Goldie 12th, by Macduff (26773.)
Bed Lady 3d, red, calved February
14th, 1874, by Young Englishman
(31113). out of Red Lady 2d, by Heir of
Englishman (21122.)
Geraldine 7th. roan, calved April 21st.
1874. by Prince Frederick of Cambridge
(29621) out of Geraldine 4th by Prince
Louis (27138.)
NEWTON COUNTY—August 6th.
Tliere will not be one half of the oats saved
ln this county.  There ls a gooa prospect for a
crop of corn yet. A. Hess.
HENORICKS COUNTY-August 6th.
Three-fourths of our wheat la yet in the
shock, and is so badly sprouted that much of lt
presents a green appearance at a distance of
two or three hundred yards. F.
BLACKFORD COUNTY-August 6'.h.
Wheat and corn very much damaged by wet
weather.   Flax not cut yet.   Grass growing flne.
In fact there is not much else but grass and
weeds.   Apples very scarce. It. R. Rkasoner.
BENTON COUNTY—August 6th.
Corn blown down and washed out by the
roots. Damage Incalculable. Oats (which were
a large and promising crop), all beaten Into the
ground and rotten. Meadows good, but we've
had a poor show to save them. For live information give ns the Indiana Farmer.
M. V. BOWMAN..
SHELBY COUNTY-August 6th.
Corn ln the river bottoms Is in bad condition.
Wheat on upland fully one-half damaged. Oats
about half cut, and they are growing finely ln
the shock. Meadows about two-thirds cut, and
a great deal of that has been standing out ln
two weeks rain. Tliere ls much discouragement
among the farmers. S. ty, G.
MONROE COUNTY-August 6th.
Corn looks well. Pastures good, Agreatdeal
of the wheat spoiled with the vast amount of
rain. It rained nine days ln succession, we
had tho greatest freshet known here for twenty
years. Hogs scarce and high. Fat cattle are
commanding good prices. Horses dull sale.
A great many people are having chills and intermittent fever. S. D.
Pure Bred Merinos.—A pure bred
merino ram, owned by a Mr. Gibson, of
Tasmania, and reared by him there, was
sold in Melbourne a short time ago for
the sum of G80 guineas. While the ram
was in Mr. Gibson's possession the
amount of money raised by the animal's
male progeny alone was estimated at
5,000 guineas.
Early Lambs for Market.—The
best early lambs for market are obtained
by crossing Merino ewes with Southdown, Cotswold, or Leicester bucks.
They may come in December or January.
Good shelter and a bountiful supply of
good and succulent food are requisite to
bring them forward.
Wool in Ohio.—A trip through the
wool-growing region of Ohio made by
Benjamin Bullock, developes the fact
that medium wools are very scarce inall
that section, and about all the combing
there has passed into the hands of the
manufacturers or dealers. The former
are firm at 45 cents.
JACKSON COUNTY-August 7th.
Wheat was a very light crop, and ls all badly
damaged or rotten. Oats were a good crop, but
are also prlnciply lost on account of the late
continuous rains. Grass was a good crop, but is
badly damaged, and is no more than one-fifth
cut yet. Corn will not make one-fourth of a
crop.   It has not rained here for two days.
J. _. W.
MONTGOMERY COUNTY-August 7th.
We had eight days of rain, which did great
damage to the wheat, corn and oats, reducing
what we thought to be a half crop, to one-fourth
a crop. Farmers are discouraged. Potatoes are
rotting ln the ground. No ploughing done for
wheat yet, excepting in a few well drained
fields. But little wheat threshed. Money
scarce. C. M.
POSEY COUNTY-August 7th.
Tiue Wabash river rose to the high watermark
of 1828. A levee that cost about one thousand
dollars, broke and aa' a consequence many
farms were Inundated, destroying a great deal
of property. Tags conveyed stock from the
danger of the floods. Thousands of acres of
corn were submerged. The damage to crops is
Immense. R.
RIPLEY COUNTY-August 9th.
The rains have ceased, and the waters have
subsided. Some of the wheat ls lea in the
flelds to rot—ruined by the wet weather. Oats
are in a good condition, grain good, but fit for
nothing but mannre and bedding stock. Corn
is good on loamy upland. Potatoes an abundant crop. Borne complain of rot, but lt is not
general.   Grangers still ln good spirits.
R. ty. Terry.
C0RR0LL COUNTY-August 6th. 1
Corn on bottom land ls mined. Wheat was
not more than a half crop at best, and full one-
third of that is sprouting and growing ln the
shock. Scarcely any threshed or stacked.
Oats were good, but were blown down and are
rotting—impossible to save them. Meadows
were good, bnt are badly damaged. But lltt.e
hay made yet. Corn looked well until the rains
set ln, but was blown down and mnch Injured.
Btock hegs are not as pleuty as usual ln this
locality. " B. ty. Crumb.
WAYNE COUNTY-August 7th.
We have had.an exceedingly wet season.
Corn looks tolerably well considering the little
cultivation lt got. But some Is very weedy and
grassy. Wheat not half a crop, one-third being
lelt uncut. It has sprouted badly ln the shock,
consequently ls badly damaged. Some farmers
are hauling lt out to their hogs. Oats are nearly
all spoiled. Meadows were good, but are badly
damaged. The prospect for potatoes ls excellent. Fruit an entire failure. Hogs scarce—
worth J7 per hundred. B. T. Reynolds.
HAMILTON COUNTT—August 9th.
It has quit raining for the present, and every
body seems very busy, stacuing wheat, cutting
oats with tbe old fashioned reap hook, andsome
threshing. Most of our meadows are too soft
yet to run a reapear, though same are cutting.
Wheat is damaged considerable. A great deal
of oats will not be saved. Hungarian looks
well where on high ground. Potatoes are rotting very fast, plenty of early ones though.
Bogs are dying with the cholera. Old wheat is
a legal tender. J. H. Albertspn .
GRANT COUNTr-Augost 6th.
We are ln the radius of the recent great flood,
which appears so general in this and adjoining
states. The most of the wheat remains in the
Bhock, half spoiled by rotting and sprouting.
Flax and oats have been cut by hand cradles,
while our reapers have stood nnused. Some
few have got a little hay up in good condition
between showers. I have worked ln thirt.-
flve harvests, ond have known none so bad as
thls. There ls a prospect now for better weather. The wheat in this (West) part of the county
was moderately good, and would have averaged abont 10 to 12 bushels per acre, but we may
count half spoiled now, and all of it damaged
some. Our flax waB good for ten bushels per
acre, but the army worm and rains have destroyed nearly one-half. We have many flelds
of corn that have not been plowed since planting, and of course, will make but little or no
oorn.but on an average will make abont one-
half a crop.   Potatoes generally good.
John JaQUA.
HAMILTON COUNTY-August 8th.
Hogs are dying off" very fast in some localities.
So we farmers are loosing heavily.
J. H. ALBEKTSO-.
HENRY COUNTY-August 8th.
The prospect is very gloomy.   Wheat is badly
damaged, if  not ruined.    Hay  mostly lost.
Oats rotting on the ground.    Potatoes are rotting ln the field.   Corn dying with exoess of
water.   Old wheat ls on the rise. J. S. Hodton.
CLINTON COUNTY-August 8th.
The  heavy rains   have damaged the  corn
greatly in low lands, and a great deal of the
wheat ls badly lDjured.   Oats good, but down
flat.   Grass about all cut.   It rained nine days
ln succession here.   Btock hogsscarceandhlgh.
Cholera is raging ln some localities—many hogs
dying of it.   One man has lost forty head ln a
short time past. J. T. Holloway.
UNION COUNTY—August Sth.
For continued, incesent never ending rain,
the last two months stands without a precedent within the memory of the oldest inhabitant. Will some Solomon please rise np and
tell the whys and wherefores that cutting away
the forests make long droughts. The two
Whitewaters have been raging full, carrying off
fences, corn, stock, etc. Wheat not much when
cut, now nearly all rotten. Oatsand grass good,
but will mostly be lost. No fruit. Hogs scarce,
worth $7; corn 60 cents; wheat _,30. This is a
rolling country, and corn, up to this date looks
tolerably fair, but lt begins to look panicky
here now.   Success to the Fabmer.
John M. Leach.
1EFFERS0N COUNTY-August 6th.
The oldest Inhabitant has never seen such a
long spell of rainy weather. Corn on flat land
an entire failure, on uplands may make a half
crop. Wheal growing ln the shock and rotting
ln the mow and stack. Wheat will not make
one-tenth of a crop compared with last year.
Oats blown down. Those that are cut are growing ln the shock. Meadows principally uncut.
Those who have cut have not been able to save
mnch ot lt. Ihe rise ln the Ohio river has inundated 1000 acres of corn, potatoes and tobacco
on low bottoms. On the whole, the outlook for
the farmers in this part of the State ls very discouraging and gloomy. "W. H. Wells.
HAY IN TIGHT BARNS.
Nearly thirty years ago, a man of progressive ideas said to us that grass but
partially cured could be stored in large
bulk in tight barns with perfect safety,
and come out looking better and less
musty than if dried and stored in ventilated barns. We regarded it as a visionary
idea, to which he had given a kindly reception on account of its novelty, but
which would result in loss if put in practice. It was the custom then to side up
barns with green boards, so that they
would shrink in seasoning, leaving wide
cracks to admit the air for drying the
hay. An important principle was here
overlooked. Fermentation, like combustion, is caused by the union of oxygen
with carbon, and can no more proceed if
air be excluded, than fire can burn under like conditions. Many farmers have
learned that manure will not ferment
rapidly when it is trodden down so as to
nearly exclude the air. and that it seldom
firefangs when cattle trample it under
foot. _
Dairymen, above all, have made grass
and hay a special study, and they have
ascertained by experiments, that hay will
keep better in clapboarded or battened
barns than in open barns or stacks. That
the heating will be so moderate as to only
dry out the hay without moulding. If it
be a fact that hay can be safely put into
large mows in tight barns, less cured
than necessary if stacked or stored on
scaffolds, or in open barns, it is an important fact for farmers, as it will enable
them to gather their hay crop with much
less exposure to the vicisitudes of the
weather, for even when hay is in cock,
the exterior surface may be aud is injured by contact with dew or rain.—Rural
Home.
  s    s»    s	
Sugar Corn for Winter.
If every farmer who grows corn does
not have a patch of the finer kinds for
eating_ while fresh, and dries a quantity
for winter use, we cannot only say he
misses a great luxury, but even fails to
do his duty. Those who have not planted any sugar corn, will find the large
white corn, so extensively raised in our
bottoms a good substitute, yet not near
equal to the mammoth sweet, or Stowells
evergreen. With the improved machines
for cutting off the cob, and the drying
apparatus, it is a very simple thing compared to what the old ways were. Not
long since we ate corn that had been dried
by the Alden process, that was about as
good as fresh—soft, juicy Bweet and well
flavored. The drying we would much
prefer to canning, the latter being at best
a precarious operation.
English Crops.
A London special says : "The weather the past week has been fine, and more
encouraging to operators for lower prices,
and harvestingwill begin next week;
but with ^11 this, the account of crops
continue unfavorable, and favor holders
of stocks of wheat.' Prices of all grades
are well sustained, and quotations are
steady on the basis of 51 shillings per
quarter for No. 2 Milwaukee on the spot.
Cotton strong and active, and prices
show an upward tendency, but a gpecu-'
lative element is not sanguine. There is
little or no change in stock quotations,
fromthe closing figures of last week.
The inquiry is moderate for Americans.
.