1 am frequently requested by parties
making inquiries in regard to Jersey
Cattle, to write them all about them. It
is impossible in ausweringso many communications by letter to give the desired information to those wholly unacquainted with this famous breed of
cattle.
Inasmuch as Jerseys are attracting,
just now, so much attention, giving
rise to so many inquiries, I think a
brief account of the breed of sufficient
public importance to justify its publication.
Jersey cattle take their name from
the place of their nativity—Jersey Island—one ofthe Islands of the Brittish
Channel. This small Island is densely
populated and long famous (or its breed
of milk cattle. On this Island twenty
acres of land constitutes a farm of unusual dimensions, while two or three
acres is the average. Every family aspires to keep from one to four cows,
just as their circumstances will permit,
and whether the number be one or more,
the animal is the subject of more than
Ordinary care and attention, and like
the horse among the Arabs, practically
becomes one of the members of the
family.
To a people so limited in agricultural
advantages, it does not pay to keep any
but tho very best milk cattle, and the
breeding, therefore, of a race superior
in the butter producing qualities has
. lpng been an object of special care with
' the inhabitants of that Island. Such
has been the success attending their
efforts in this direction, that after a
series of generations they have developed
a cow, whose excellence for the richness
of her milk, and the large amount of
superior butter it will make, is without
a rival in the world. The Jersey cow
having been bred for many generations
with special reference to this point is a
thorough-bred butter cow, capable of imparting that excellence to her off-spring
with unerring certainty.
The cattle are small in size, not as
large as the scrnb, native to this country,
and are not as a rule very handsome in
their shape, as no attention to their
breeding on the Island was given to any
other point than the one above mentioned. They are remarkable for their
docility, their early maturity, and
their thrift and hardiness. They are
superior for the richness of their milk,
the quanity and quality of their butter.
• Their docility is due to their close relation and intimate association with the
family circle, of which they have almost
constituted a member for so many generations; their superior butter making
qualities due to a systematic breeding
only from such as were remarkable for
this point of excellence in theirancestry.
They do not yield a large flow of milk,
twelve quarts being pei haps about the
daily average, and the milk yielding
about s30 per cent, of very superior
cream; but while they do not give so
large a flow of milk, they keep up for the
year, a greater general average than cattle that give three times as much when
flush, but for only two or three months
in the year. They are perpetual milkers
if you desire them to beso, and will make
to the'eow, upon an average, about 300
lbs of butter annually, when properly
managed and cared for.
This butter is far superior to ordinary
butter, being more firm in its consistence
—weighing 3 oz. more than other butter
when moulded in the same mould, of
deeper yellow in color, and better
flavored.
In regard to their breeding, I think
they are the most prolific of all breeds,
beginning their gestation at nine months,
and their maternity at eighteen months
if you will let them. This early breeding does not impair their vigor or produce premature decay as has been claimed by some, but only diminishes the
site of the animal, which is no objection as size is no consideration when a small cow will yield
as much butter as a large one, and takes
jless feed and space in her care and
| management.
Three years ago a Herd Book was es-
A    VIEW    OP    THE    CENTENNIAL    ART    GALLERY,    AT    PHILADELPHIA.
The materials of this building are granite, glass, and iron.     No wood is used in the construction, and the building is thoroughly fire-proof.    The structure is
365 feet in'length, 210 feet in width, and 59 feet in height, over a"spaciousbasement 12 feet in height, surmounted by a dome.
like
has
and
am
tablishcd for Jersey cattle, and one of
the rules adopted is that no animal shall
be entered for record whose pedigree
can not be traced to registered or imported stock. Prior to the establishment
of this register, the pedigrees of Jersey
cattle were not kept in preservation ;
consequently there are many Jersey
cattle in the country, decendants from
the earliest importations, pure and carefully bred, that cannot be registered,
and are known as unregcttered ttock.
Some of Jt is even superior in its intrinsic value to the cattle of more recent
importation, but because there offspring
oannotbe registered, does not command
from professional breeders so large a
price or ready sale. To this class of stock
I would commend the farmer of limited
means who only wants the breed for his
individual use, and not chiefly for the
sale of colors.
The price of registered Jerseys,
that of Herd Book Short-Horns,
already advanced to the hundreds,
appears to be on the increase. I
frequently asked by my neighbors which
is the more profitable, Jersey's or Short-
Horns?
The answer to this question depends
entirely upon the circumstances and
conditions of the farmer who proposes
to engage in this breeding.
To s> farmer owning a large farm of
rich grain producing land, in a county
where he can either produce or purchase
grain cheaply, I would say breed Short-
Horns ; but to one owning a small tract
of land, or land chiefly adapted to grazing, living near a butter market,I would
say take the Jerseys. The one is preeminently a beef, the other pre-eminently a butter cow, choose between them
with reference to the object in view.
Either one if properly managed will pay
a hundred per cent, more than the
ordinary cow.     *
A pure bred Jersey cow at $300 will,
if properly cared for, yield on an average
$100, in butter and $7.5 in offspring,
annually, which is a better per cent, on
the investment than an ordinary cow at
$40. D. W. Voyles.
New Albany, Ind.
GREAT PUBLIC SALES OF SHORT-
HORN CATTLE.
We are requested to call particular
attention to the omission in our first
insertion of the advertisement of the
great Stock .Sales at Chicago, April 6th,
7th, 8th, and 9th, of the eight head of
Princess heifers, belonging to Messrs.
Elliott & Kent, of Des Moines, Iowa.
This valuable and rare blood will form
fluite an attractive feature of the great
sales.
By reference to our advertising columns, it will be observed that on the
7th   of   April  next,   C. C.   Parks, of
Waukegan, Illinois, will sell his entire
herd of Short-Horns, consisting of 139
head.   On the day following, April 8th,
Elliott at Kent, of  Des Moines, Iowa,
will sell at Dexter Park, Chicago, Illinois, their entire herd of CO head, and
on the next day, April 9th, at the same
place J. II. Kissinger & Co., of Clarks-
ville, Missouri, will sell about 40 head
from among the best of their celebrated
herd.   Waukegan is 35 miles north of
Chicago, on thc Milwaukee division of
the Chicago and North-Western Railroad.   Parties   wishing   to   attend   all
three of these sa'les, can do so with but
little more expense than to attend only
one of them.   We have no catalogue of
either of the last two named sales, and
cannot say as to the quality of the stock
to be sold at them, only as we can gather
from the advertisements, and from the
general   character   of   the  herds.    It
would be safe to say, however, that there
are many animals in both lots that have
wide reputations as premium takers, and
that they have descended from some of
the best heyls in America and have pedigrees that will be satisfactory to the
most fastidious.   We have a copy of the
catalogue of the Glen Flora herd, and
after having looked it carefully through
are prepared to say that we doubt very
much whether there has ever been collected into one herd in America so many
animals with such exceedingly rich and
fashionable pedigrees.   There is hardly
a cross in any pedigree that could be
considered objectionable.   Many of the
pedigrees  are  rich   in   the   blood  of
Favorite (252).   The foundation or lower
crosses are of the best quality, and bulls
used in top of the pedigrees are among*
the  most  fashionable.   There  is one,
Miss Wiley, descended from imported
Miss Hudson, by Hermese (8145); 3 Rose
of   Sharon, descended   from   Rose of
Sharon, by Belvidere, (1700); 6 Bright
Eyes, descended from Bright Eyes, 2d,
by Lord George Bcntiuck, (9317).   This'
family has from four to six crosses of pure
Bates blood.   There is one pure Louan,
and 17 others that have the same foundation, bein_ descended from Jenny Lind,
by. Louan, (11698); Cambria, by Bertram,
2d, (3144);   1  pure Mazurka, 4 of the
celebrated J. family, 3 Rose of Oxfords,
and 19 of the popular and fashionably
bred family— the G Wynnes, together with
many others of equality and purity of
pedigree. There are in the catajpgue
118 females, G2 of which are under 3
years old, and but 5 of thc others that'
could be considered old; 53 of the
females are roan in color, 37 of them
red, 20 of them red and white, and 0 of
them white.
This sale will be the great one of the
season, and we should not be surprised
if it should prove to be the best, with
one exception, ever made in the world.
Those who wish to attend the sale for
the purpose of buying something from
this superior herd, can obtain a copy of
the sale catalogue, by addressing C. C.
Parks, Waukegan, Illinois. See, his
advertisement in this paper.
For the Indiana Farmer.
A VISIT TO PROSPECT FARM.
Prospect Farm, near Petersburgh,
Kentucky, some four miles from Law-
renceburgh, Indiana, is owned by Mr. J.
C. Jenkins, and is a farm as well adapted to the raising of stock as the great
State of Kentucky affords.
Mr. Jenkins takes great pleasure in
showing his stock to visitors.
After inspecting the stables, we were
shown among the Short-Horns. We
first took a look at Louan's Duke of
Geneva, got by 7th Duke of Geneva,
(7934): lst dam, 4th Louan, of Parkland,
by 2d.Duke of Geneva; 2d dam, Louan
10th, by Duke of Airdrie, and his pedigree is perfect in Bates blood. He
stands at the head of the herd, and is as
fine a Duke as it has been my pleasure to
see for some time.
There were also a number of young
bulls, (some for sale); among which we
noticed, Prince Geneva, 2d, got by 7th
Duke of Geneva, (7934); lst dam, Indian Princess 3d, by Victor 7th (6274);
2d dam, Indian Princess lst, by Representative, (4308); also, Miss Wiley's
Geneva, got by 7th Duke of Geneva; lst
dam, Miss Wiley 15th, by Washington
Turley, and a fine lot more of fine color
and pedigree.
The cows are a very fine herd, numbering about forty-five—reds, roans,
whites, and all the fashionable colors.
Among the cows, we were struck with
the appearance of Rose of Sharon 5th,
got by the 7th Duke of Geneva; lst
dam, Rose of Sharon 3d, by Loudan's
Duke 4th, (5906); 2d dam, Rose of
Sharon 2d, by Noble, (5997), and her
pedigree dates back to J. Brown's red
bull, (97). She is as fine a heifer as is
to be found anywhere, and is second to
none in the country.
We were next shown a fine herd of
Cotswald sheep—some eighty in n
ber. Among which are one imported
buck, two or three imported ewes, and
all are direct from imported stock.
The buck, last season, sheared over
twenty pounds of wool, (I have forgotten
the exact amount). The whole flock is
as fine as there is to be found, and one
sheep will outweigh any three scrubs.
I next visited the stable where the
thoroughbred horses were kept. But
most of them were out, so I only got a
glimpse of some stallions—all of which
are from the best stock of the country.
His thoroughbred horses number forty
head.
I was also shown some Chester White
and Berkshire pigs, but the exact number of them I have forgotten.
About this time I was taken to the
house, it being dinner time. Nothing
would do but I must have dinner, and it
was one of those dinners that none but
a Kentucky lady can get up—and served
by Mrs. Jenkins, in a motherly style,
made it all the better. I shall never
forget the hospitality shown me while
there.
Mr. Jenkins takes great pains to make
the visits of all those who call as pleasant as possible. It will pay your readers
to visit Prospect Farm, and see the
stock. But do not come home without
purchasing something in which Mr.
Jenkins makes a specialty.
Thos. W. W. Sunman.
Spades, Indiana.
The Pharos says;._ " Logansport will
see more activity in building this year
than any year since its incorporation."
The Township Trustees of La Grange
county, paid IG96.71, on account of
sneep killed by dogs during the past
year.
An organization of citizens has been
effected at New Albany, to start for
the mining districts of Arazona this
spring.
A most remarkable religious revival
has been in progress for many weeks in
the Methodist Church, Danville, with
over a hundred accessions.
It is reported that a colored miner at
the Otter Creek shaft, near Brazil, made
$00 by 16 days' work at 70 cents per ton.
Mining pays at that rate.
On account of failing health, Luther
S. Gray, Auditor of Howard county, has
been compelled to resign his office. His
Deputy, J. C. Ware, has been appointed
to succeed him.
A boy in Huntington county, while
engaged in loading a gun, carelessly fired
it off, sending the load through the back
and kidneys of a_ man by the name of
Grey, whowas painting the house, causing death in a short time.
The Knox County Agricultural Society held its annual meeting last week
and elected Directors for tne current
year. The old officers were re-elected.
The Board purchased 15 acres of laud
at $150 per acre for the use of the Society.
The Bluffton Chronicle reports that
at the close of the ninth week of the
revival meeting at the M. E. Church at
that place, the congregation decided by a
unanimous vote to continue the meetings. About three hundred new members have been added during the meeting.
The Rockport Republican says that
more than a million pounds of tobacco
have been bought in Rockport this season, and had the yield have been
even, an average one, three times
that amount would have been on that
market. The improvements in Hamilton's tobacco factory will make it 1S4
feet long; and 120 feet wide. Tbe central portion will be three stories high,
with cellar under the whole. In the
rear will be a shed 100 feet long and 20
feet wide, for storing tobacco in hogsheads.
HILLING vs DRILLING.
SUFFOLK HORSES.
We briefly noticed two weeks ago the
importation of three of these English
Draft Stallions by Mr. J. D. Campbell,
of this city. Two of the animals are in
stables near us and we have taken a
look at them. They are of a bright chestnut color, large and finely formed. The
sire of Glensford, the largest of the two,
took the first prize at the Royal Show in
England in 1869, and second at the Suffolk show same year, and second at the
Royal show in 1872 and a prize of £15,
at the Royal show in 1873.
We are glad to note any effort towards
improving our farm horses and do not
doubt but the admixture of the Suffolk
blood will have a marked effect in this
direction.
Mr. Campbell spent several months in
England examining different breeds of
horses and selected the Suffolk as iu his
judgment the most perfect breed he
found there. So far as we have learned
his importation is the only one of this
breed that has been made to this county.
Editor Indiana Farmer:
I have been watching the discussion
of the "hill and drill" question in the
Faejier, and I wish to suggest a point
or two which seems to have been overlooked.
First; The preparation of the ground
before planting is of the utmost  importance, and if properly done the   crop is
almost assured as well as half cultivated.   In order to do this all other   work
must be well in hand   before  plough
time, so the crop may have the farmer's
undivided attention. Then, never plough
or work the ground wet, as this is the
great cause of its becoming hard, lifeless and clody, and also ofthe hard ridge
complained   of iu   drill   corn.   Better
plant late than plough  wet.   Dcn't  try
to beat everybody else.   From the 10th
to the 20th of May is soon enough  to
plant.   Put in the time   before   this,
pulverizing   the   soil   and killing the
thousands of weeds   which will   have
germinated.   By   planting   after     the
ground is warm and dean, the corn will
come right up and get the start of the
weeds, birds, moles &c, and the   cut
worms will generally have had their day.
You can begin to plow about as soon as
if planted 10 days sooner, and my experience is that in one month the corn
will be ahead of that planted early and
in the ordinary way.   I would  rather
risk corn with two plowings after being
properly put in, than with five where it
has not.   This may account for "Daris,'
success with two plowings and his  opponents failure with four and five.   My
observation has been that drill corn can
be planted and cultivated with less work
than hill planting.   By the way, we had
the subject up in our Grange   and I
noticed that those who have tried drilling were in its favor, while   those  who
have not, were against  it.   So,  if one
don't want to be converted better  not
try it.   The fact  that   drill  corn has
generally been planted two thick is   no
argument against the method.   Put 6 to
10 stalks in the hill and you will not get
much corn either.   Yet   this  is   urged <.
with   great   persistence   against   drill
planting.
In conclusion, let everything be done}
thoroughly as the large   crop   always
pays while the half crop never does.
Benj. B; Beeson.
2$
8^