A Visit to John B. Poyntz's Farm.
1
Mr. Poyntz is an importer and breeder
of Alderney cattle. I had the pleasure
of a visit to his farm last November. It
is one of those fine blue grass farms, situated four and one-half miles south of
Maysville, Kentucky. Maysville is sixty-five miles above Cincinriati, on the
soutbside of the Ohio river. I am the
more particular to give a kind of way
bill-as'other persons may wish to take a
look at his fine herd of pure Jerseys.
This stock is without doubt pure bloods,
as he sent to England for them twenty
years ago. He has been making the
raising and selling of this stock a speciality. This herd consists of 125 head of
cattle. He keeps them separated and
divided off into different lots. In one
pasture he keeps nothing but the milch
cows, in an other his bulls, in an other
his yearlings, etc, We 6tarted out and
went from pasture to pasture, only to
find new wonders and something pleasing
as well as useful, in every department.
This heri is divided into say thirty
milch cows, thirty young males, ranging
from one to two year old; some two year
old heifers; some few grade Alderneys,
ranging from i to {; a fine lot of milkers;
in fact his herd consists of cattle from a
few months old to fourteen years old.
After looking at the cattle, Mr. Poyntz
requested me to walk into his dairy, and
examine the cream and butter. As I
passed into the building I discovered
about thirty pounds of as fine golden
hued butter on a table, as my eyes ever
beheld. He told me the yield was about
thirty pounds per day. . I next examined
the milk pans, something over one hundred in number. I attempted to do as I
have seen old women do, blow the cream
back in order to see its thickness, but
you might as well have tried to blow a
man's hat off. I then took out my knife
and cut through the cream and found it
to be one-fourth to one-half inch thick,
so it did.not take me long to decide that
1 would .take an Alderney cow home
with me. :
Mr. Poyntz next conducted me to his
cellar. This is divided into a great many
apartments, and in each room was vegetables of all kinds in a good state of preservation, and I must not neglect to describe the bath room, with all the
modern fixtures for any kind of bath,
and warm and cold water, always .at
hand, caused by a heater extended from
the kitchen through pipes to the cellar.
But not wishing to make this too long,
I will simply say, I have purchased two
cows, one a full blood and the other I,
and after giving them a fair trial, I can
say of a truth that either of them is worth
any three common Short-Horn cows for
cream and butter. Of course they are
not recommended for beef* cattle, but to
people who do not want to keep a herd
of poor milkers, in order to get the
butterand cream necessary for family
nse, one of the best of these cows will
be sufficient for any ordinary family; and
one great advantage to people- in towns
and cities is, they give milk the year
round. Mr. Poyntz designs being at
our next State Fair with a car load of
this stock, where persons can see this
stock, which is to supercede the Ayre-
shires, Devonshire*, and all others, as to
quality" and richness of milk.
Amo, Ind. M. G. Parker.  •
Our Miss Wiley.
'Bdteoro) Indiana Farmer:       (
1 The fee"ding of stock through our long
winters is the largest item of expense in
stock   raising iri-our  country.   If  we
compare the expense of raising an animal
to four years old where it has to bc ftd
seven months of the year, with that o(
raising a   similar  animal in   Texts  or
Southern   Kansas,  where   thev uquire
feeding   two or   three   months onh ind
after subsist   entirely on   the ratine, we
will be able to understand why the) can
ship 1,000 or more miles farther than we
have   to, and   yet successfully compete
with us   in the markets of the country.
It is not to be supposed that stock can
be kept through bur winter in good condition   without  a  plentiful   supply of
wholesome  food.   But   the amount required will vary greatly with the varying conditions under which such animals
are kept.   It requires a certain amount
of  nutritious material   lo meet the demands' of the animal system'  for growth
and for the regular waste of the system.
This   will   be   regardless   of  the   surrounding conditions.   But besides this
there is a certain   degree of heat   that
must be maintained in  the system and
this heat must be supplied from the food
eaten.   The blood which is derived from
the food eaten is carried tothe lungs and
is there exposed   to the air that is  inhaled in breathing, and   in this  contact
the blood gives up part of its carbon and
absorbs  oxygen   from   the  air.   These
combinations   constitute   a   real   combustion by which heat is liberated and
this heat is carried to all   parts   of the
system by the circulation of  the blood.
Now as the animal economy requires that
a- certain degree of heat must  be maintained with scarcely any variation  it is
evident that if the"surroundings are such
as to make a heavy demand on the heat
of the system it will require more of the
heat producing material.    It is'a law in
nature that if two substances of' different   temperatures   are ' in -contact, the
warmer will give off heat to the cooler;
and if the supply is not kept up by constant additions to the heat of the warmer,
it will be gradually brought to the same
temperature of the other  and  thus   an
equilibrium will be formed.  :But it is
evident that  in order to maintain  the
same degree of heat in the warmer object,
the supply must, be in exact proportion
tion   to   the loss, by radiation.   From
these statements it is evident that if :an
animal, (whose heat must be kept up to
a certain degree) is exposed to cold and
wind,   it   will    give   off heat just  in
proportion to the degree of cold and the
velocity of the wind;   and that   heat to
supply this loss must  be elaborated just
as fast as it is given off  to the cold   air
around.: And   in   order that   this   increased demand may be met, an increased
supply of fuel—that is   food—must  be
furnished.   The conclusion that we arrive at is that the more an animal is exposed to the cold and   storm, the  more
feed is required to keep up the   degree
of heat to the  proper  standard.   The
difference in the amount of feed required
to maintain an animal that is housed in
comfortable quarters, and a similar one
exposed  to  the  weather as   it   comes
during, the winter, is found by experience to be about one third   in   favor of
the  animal that  is  boused   from   the
weather.   Aside then from the question
of mercy, which certainly should have
great   weight   with   every   man, about
thirty-three per cent, ofthe cost of feeding animals through the winter may be
saved   by having   them well   sheltered.
Ina simple financial view it is therefore
evident that no man can afford to leave
his   stock   exposed   to   tbe   storms   of
winter. L. J. Templin;
W-V iPt-^^rA iff
-j
j
, 11. CUirke,  ArcMUet,
Sl;%cli«mvft, St.Lmis.
MODERN   FARM   HOUSE.
"Crescent Hill Herd.'
• Charles Lowder announces in another
column that he will sell at the fair
grounds in this city on the 27th of May
next about seventy head of pure Shdrt-
Horn cattle. There will bc twenty bulls
in the lot and about twenty-five heifers
that will average near one year old-.
Indiana men should make calculation in
time to attend this sale.
General Meredith and Son. '..'
We understand that these gentlemen
contemplate selling this season ugain
some fifty or sixty head of Short-Horns
from their fine herd, but we are not yet
advised of the day. .'"''.
In-Breeding of Swine ,  'c
•At a recent meeting of the' Massachusetts State Boa(d of' Agriculture, Mrk
Cheeverrclatedjthe experience. of ,Mr.
Levi T;_BalIou, of Cumberland, Rhode
Island, in breeding from two Suffolk
pigsdown through a period often years,
raising about 1.100/ pigs, and -crossing
close relations in every conceivable huu*w
ner; brother to sister, father to ^ da ugh-,
ler, mother to son, cousin tocousin, and
so on, and without having, duHhg' the
whole time a single deformed or imper--
feet pig.
— s     s>     s	
THE BEST HOG.
J. M. Woodruff, proprietor of Montrose Herd of Short-Horn Cattle,
Ninevah, Johnson county, Indiana, informs us that he has lately sold a two
year old Miss Wiley heifer for $900 to
W. N. Offutt, Of Georgetown, Kentucky.
.She was sired by Duke of Montrose 9007,
'and her dam by, Washington Turley
6287. Mr. Woodruff informs, us that
his sales the past year of live stock and
■grain have been over five thousand dollars. This is certainly- very good for a
small farm and-a small herd. From
'.information received indirectly we judge
(tbat over four thousand of the amount
as been for Short-Horns.
\ has
Public Sales for 1875.
From present indications there will
be a large number of public sales of
pure bred breeding stock the present
year both of thoroughbred Short-Horn
cattle and French horses. We see that
quite a number of sales are already announced. Farmers should make their
calculations early to attend these.sales
with a view to add to their present stock
some of the best animals offered, and
should not be too easily deterred from
bidding on account ofthe apparent high
price. "All things hang upon comparison." Farmers can not afford to breed
to poor males at any price.
Mr. S. W. Babbitt, a - successful
breeder, sums up his opinion on several
breeds, in the Farmer's Union, as
follows: ■.' ..'■•'
If I were a small farmer or gardener,
residing in_ the State of New York,
where corn is from eighty to 100 cents per
bushel, and wished to raise my own
pork, and no more, I would buy a pair
of Suffolk pigs. If I were a cattle dealer,
and bought aud fed cattle, as cattle dealers buy and feed in the West,! would
buy a pair of Berkshires. But if I were
alarge farmer, raising large fields of
corn, and feeding steers and hogs of my
own raising, for market, I would buy a
pair of Chester-Whites, or Poland-
Chinas. 	
I would buy thc Berkshires to run
after cattle, because they are more
sprightly than the other breeds,' and are
less liable to get injured by the cattle.
On the other hand, if I were a large
farmer, raising hundreds of acres of
corn, I would: buy a pair of Chester-
White pigs, from which to raise pigs to
consume it. I give the Chesters the
preference, because they are more quiet
and eat less than' the Polands of Berkshires, to make the same amount of
pork. They are strong, and have good
feet and legs, and can be driven _ to
market. Lest some may ask the question:
"How is it that the Chesters, eat less
than the Berkshire or Poland-China,
and still produces an equal amount of
pork?" I answer, as I have often answered before: "The Chester-White
grind* all his corn, and digests and assimilates all he eats. The Berkshire
and Poland-China crack their corn, and
do not digest or assimilate all they
eat."   :   •■        -■'-.• /,'.   ..      ■■■■■.
I am now breeding Chester-White,
Poland-China and: Berkshire -hogs, and
know by actual experiment whereof i I
speak, when I say the Chester; eats tho
least and still makes the most pork. •    -i-
I will remark, before proceeding
further, that I have had tfc Suffolk hoe
from stock imported from England, and
while I:am ready to concede that it is a
good breed, and especially soffor the
man who only fattens a few for his own
family use, it is not, in my opinion, the
best hog for the farmers of the West to
raise.
Diarrhea in Young Pigs.
M. M. Mdlford, M. D., in the American Swine and Poultry Journal says:—
"Many of onr swine breeders in the West
sustain considerable loss annually by
their pigs dying from the effects of what
is commonly, called soours, caused' by
the bad quality ofthe sow's milk. The
disease is more apt to make its appearance when the sow has been fed on dry
corn or musty food. It generally attacks tii em one or two days after birth,
and seldom after eight or ten. days. I
havenever failed to cure this disease by
giving the sow as much sulphur' of the
third decimal trituration^ as will stand
on a nickel five cent piece once a day.
It may iTe given in a little sweet milk or
upon a small piece of bread, and should
be given one,hour before feeding. ' The
medicine can be procured of any homoeopathic physician. I have cured many
cases with common sulphur, but prefer
the above."
GENERAL NEWS.
Importation of Stallions.
Ten stallion's arrived a few days' ago
from Glasgow, Scotland. , They were
sired by such celebrated horses as Inverness, Garibaldi, Rantin Robin,. Bargan-
mie; Crown Prince, and Donald Dinnie.
—rRiiral New Yorker.      '    •
PORK PACKING.
California produces the finest honey'in
the Union, and will export this year
400,000 pounds.
The school lands of Texas amount to
over 100.000,000 acres, an amazing endowment for free school purposes.
Tbe Governor of Minnesota says that
"the embarrassments which have suspended the industries of other States
have affected ours but little."
The Governor of Michigan says that
the $150,000,000 worth of railroad.property hela by the people of that State is
making hardly any return to its owners.
The Seminary of the Society of Friends;
located at Mt. Pleasant, Ohio, was totally destroyed by Are Sunday morning.
Loss about $5,000; no insurance.
. The House Appropriation Committee
agreed to insert in tie sundry civil appropriation bill items of $375,000 for the
Signal Service weather reports, • and
1250,000 for the improvement of the
capital grounds.
The Chancellor has. submitted tothe
Federal Council an ordinance prohibiting the importation into Germany of
American potatoes, as a measure of precaution against the spread of the potato
disease.
The Cincinnati Price Current gives
reports ofthe pork-packing in the West,
from November 1 up to January 8, compares with corresponding dates in '74
and '73, as follows :
To Jan. 7,
1875.
Cincinnati  .110,000
Chicago 1,000,0(0
St. Louis   340,000
Louisville   270,000
Mil waukee  170,000
Indianapolis  215.01.0
—To same date—
1874.
■535,000
1,125,000
.190,000
225,000
215 000
210,0M
1873.
•16.5,000
770,000
31SJ.OO0
300,000
145,000
120,000
2,495,000   2,090,000   2,195,000
The total number of hogs packed at
the same points during tne last three
winter seasons and aggregate numbers at
interior points, and whole number in the
West, are shown as follows:
Season
.   1873-74.
Cincinnati .....'..  5Sl,2\i
Chicago _ 1,520,024
Bt. Louis  46.VC3
Louisville..; :._'....  220,947
Milwaukee   294,054
Indianapolis'. ....... 295,768
Season
,1871-72.
630,301
1,214,8S«
419,032
' 339,512
315,000
172,100
treason
187.1-73.
62lV)05
1,425,079
.538,000
802,248
»03,500
196,317
'''        :' 3,381,837   3,391,447
At other points.....'..... J2,084^f>3 ' 2,018,867
Totalln tbe West. 5,466,200  5,410,314   4,831,658
The receipts and shipments of • hogs at
Cincinnati from November 1 to January
7, inclusive, compare Tvith same time last
year as follows:
'■"   •■'   '    ''"'   '" 1875!
...-.*..; 451,246
...:,...  30,787
3,060,831
1,770,727
The debt ofthe State of Pennsylvania
is $24,568,635 37, with bonds in sinking
fund valued at $9,000,000. By repealing j Vermillion county
the taxes on gross receipts of railroads,
net earnings of industrial and other corporations, and the tax on cattle and
farming implements, the State loses $1,-
200,000 annual income.
. Ligomer,, with a population of 2,000
reports only twenty deaths during the
past year.   '.";'.■ ■'   -i i   /k• -..;- ■■
The Brazil furnace is reported to be
making thirty-five tons of splendid pig
iron per day for which there is a ready
market, . ...-,-.
A Wabash county man recently sold
twenty-six hogs whose average weight
was 412 pounds.
A grey eagle, measuring eight feet
from tip to tip of wings, was recently
killed by Berry W^rd, of Daviess Co.
The Kansas relief committee at Brookston report 150 bushels of corn, $85 in
cash and a large amount of clothing collected, and more pledged.
Smith & Co.'s pork-house, at New Castle, slaughtered 12,070 hogs during the
past season, for which they disbursed the
sum of $234,000., .„■:.-.
Every child within the corporation of
Putnamville, between the ages of six
and twenty-one years, entered school or*
Monday morning, with the exception of
two.: ■"■":'-    _ "-;   _:
The ElkJiari Observer says: If any one
has doubts of Elkhart's future, let him
gaze at the railroad shops here, and then
view the magnificent water power of the
St. Jo. and Elhart rivers.
The Kokomo Democrat says; There'
have been shipped from this city 300,000
bushels of the new wheat crop and 35,000
bushels of the new corn crop; making
no less than $52,000 paid out to the farmers.
The Cambridge City Tribune has this
item: " The ice harvest was the heaviest
which has ever occurred at this place.
It commenced with seven inch, ice, and
yesterday it had reached eleven inches."
The coalmen of'Clay county.are talking up a direct road to Chicago pretty
strong. The freight on coal to that market is now $2.25 per ton, and it is claimed
that a direct connection would reduce it
to $1.80, .
■ The Lebanon Patriot says: A deaf
man by tbe name of C. D. Swab was in-
stantlykilled at Colfax, on last Monday
evening. He wasin the employ of the
Indianapolis,' Cincinnati and Lafayette
railroad, attending the water , station-,
He was walking aloDg the track and,
was run over by an engine that was.backing up.
_ The Rockville Republican says: William Nichols, of Rockville, has, during the year just closed; sold and delivered to a firm in. Buffalo, N. Y., 365,000
feet of black walnut lumber; to a firm in'
Chicago, 175.000 feet; to a firm in New
York city, 75,000 feet; toa firm in Terre'Haute, 50,000 feet; makinga total Of
665,000 feet. This lumber was all manufactured in Parke county, except -40,--
000 feet,   which   was   manufactured in
Total receipts.....
Total shipments,
1874.
600,655
, 87,188
Net supply , ;.'...,...—.420,459   5)3,467
The receipts of hogs at New York
during November and December were,
in round numbers, 408,000! against 438,-
000 during same time in 1873.
1 Buffalo live Stock Market.
Buffalo, January 10.—Beef Cattle
—The receipts were 2,686 head. The
market was dull and dragging. - Good
rattle ic. off; half fatand medium }c. off.
But few thin cattle in the yards, but
plenty of common and half fat.
"Sheep and Lamus—The receipts for
to'-da^'were 9,000 head, making the total
for the-week thus far 18.400 head. The
market opened dull and slow; and }c, off
of., last week's ■ opening prices. The
yards were full of. stock, and mostly of
good quality;. '* ■".--'"
Hoos-^-The"receipts to-day were 2,400.
making'the total for the week thus far
13,500 ,head.- The market was' fairly
active. Yorkers, $6 30@$6 50; best, $6
75; no heavy hogs in the yards.
The London Times editorially says:
"In the gloom surrounding us, one thing
is perceptible, all are arming. Germany
arming en maste, the surrounding
nations, including the best part of the
world, can not do otherwise. Momentary dreams of peace have fled; Germany
recognizes the stern necessity—that what
what she won by arms she can only hold
by arms, and while arms are in her
hands." The Times confesses that Germany can not raise a third army. Her
hopes are in her navy.
The new Court-house in iNew York
City, though planned in 1868, and stipulated to cost not over $250,000, shows* a
total outlay, up to 1871, Of more than
eight millions... It has swallowed up four
times the amount.expended in construe-,
ting the Parliament House in London,
and is still unfinished. There is one
satisfaction, that there was i enough of
this building completed^ to hold court
when Tweed's, double trial, conviction,
and sentence took place. Of; tbe eight
millions expended, it is probable that
seven millions went into the hands of
the Tammany ring.
It is a pity the American fanner bas
not got a better stomach—ort that he
does not take better care of it. " Perhaps, and probably, there-.are some
people who do not think it a pity.. .But
when we read as we do weekly,! of the
meetings, shows, dinners and ; speeches
of the British farmer, we are led to believe that the only way in which the
American farmer could ever be induoid
to sit and listen to such interminable
doses of heavy agricultural wisdom, is by
getting his stomach first distended by so
good a dinner -that he would not want
to move, and could not if he wanted to
do so. The amount of agricultural
speech making that is inflicted upon the
British farmer, every- week, ought to
decompose his stolidity and dissipate
his stupidity. It ought to make Trim
wild, insane, desperate to be and to do,
even as he must have to suffer.—Moore's
Rural.
As indicating the capacity , of small
farms when properly tilled, the New
Castle Mercury gives the following: Samuel White, one of the live farmers of
Franklin township, has twenty acres of
ground under cultivation, including
fences, stable-lot and door-yard. During last year, 1874, he ' raised upon his
little farm and sold $470. worth of hogs.
Killed 8 head of bogs for his own meat,
has 18 head of stock hogs for next year's
feeding. Two head of work horses and
one cow, raised one acre of potatoes, one
acreofoats, hadone acre in grass, a garden, and harvested 40 bushels of ■ wheat,
and has from three to four hundred
bushels of corn in his crib, and all off 20
acres of land. "
The following items are from the Brazil Echo:   '
Coal mining ranges all the way from
sixty-five to ninety cents per ton in this
district.   ;.,   ■     ' -.:-•■: ••.' '     i • -
. As things now.Iook,-©ur waterworks:
will be rapidly put through to   comple--
tion, when we expect the location  of .at
least one rolling mill in this city, ready'
to go into operation almost as soon as the
water supply is guaranteed.
One coal Operator in this district says
the business has reached such a stage
here, tbat one-half the operators are debating the question whether they had
not better go into the sewing machine or
lightning rod business.
The American Newspaper Directory is an epitome of newspaper history.
It isalso regarded as an official register
of circulations. This feature, requires
the closest scrutiny to prevent it from
leading: to abuses. The plan, adopted'
by the publishers of the Directory, to
secure correct and trustworthy reports,
is rigid in'its requirements and adhered
to with'impartiality. Successful publishers, who have something to gain by
a comparison, are generally prompt, not
only to send reports in conformity but'
give Messrs. George P. Rowell & Co.
such information as enables them'to■>
weed out unsubstantiated statements on
pretenders in journalism. The popularity of the book, and the general confidence in its accuracy and good faith'
are attested by the immense body of ad-)
vertisements it receives.
^~
"v