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VOL. LXIX INDIANAPOLIS, JAN. 3, 1914 NO. 1 Lighting Systems Suitable For Farm Homes Up-to-date farming methods have called the lighting problem prominently into view because farm administration in its newer phases make it imperative to have light in locations where it was considered unimportant before, and to have more light everywhere. Good light adds much to the efficiency of the farm. The barn, the dairy and the stables are the farmer's work shop. The progressive farmer .(•nd the manufacturer are both learning the same lesson, that good light pays. Work in a well-lighted room can be done so much more quickly and so much better than would be the case if poorly lighted. A good lighting system also adds much to the comfort or farm life. It . an have much" to do with the "back to the farm" movement. It places farm life on a much higher plane. There is nothing more cheerful than a well lighted, warm sitting room in which in. family can gather, and there is no !letter way to combat the lure of the .ity for the sons and daughters, than to provide the home with these city :.rts. The farm Dome is beginning to take its distinction from the ■ luality and brightness of its lights. The evening passersby always judge it in this way. The lamps of olden times were used ■ hjefly in temples, and had an oil or fat or some combustible material like pitch or resin for their fuel. Ever since these primitive lamps attracted Uie attention of some inventive mind, steady progress has been made in the development of lighting systems. Especially in the last one -hundred years lias invention been active. It is but recently however that the farmer has been afforded advantages such as those who live in the city have long enjoyed. In modern times we have three principal illuminants, oil, gas and electricity. All are now available for use on the farm. The Modern Oil Lamps. The oil lamp with which all are familiar is by far the most common. It is a very dependable lamp and has been greatly improved in the last twenty years. Each lamp requires frequent attention In filling and cleaning, and in addition the burners should get a thorough cleaning at intervals. When well cared for, the oil lamp is an entirely satisfactory solution of the lighting problem in homes where but little light is required, and where the portable lamps are not likely to cause any tire hazard. 'Til and gasoline lamps are now made in which the fuel is converted into a ■^■s. and this heats a mantle until it • "tnes incandescent. These lamps give a very bright light and are economical in their use of oil. They require rather skilled attention, however, and it takes a few minutes to start the light. The danger of breakage of the fragile mantles is particularly great with these portable lamps, and the mantle has to be in good condition in order to give a .satisfactory light. These oil lamps can hardly be class- The Importance of Goo^^vumination in Rural Buildings and V^ to Provide It. ed as lighting systems. A mof1' ^^n of the gasoline lamp, howt. "v'V.tNde- serves this name, for in it gaso^ne or gasoline vapor is supplied to gas chandeliers and fixtures. Merits of Acetylene Gas. The acetylene lighting .system is a popular form of gas lighting. Acety- commercially without the intense heat of the mammoth electric furnaces such as have been built at Niagara Falls and other large water-power centers. The gas is generated in automatic machines of various capacities. In the smaller sizes one charge of carbide will supply sufficient gas for from one to three weeks, while in the larger A Modern Electric Lighting Outfit Suitable for the Farm Home. lene is a gas which is made by bringing water and calcium carbide into contact. Calcium carbide is a product of the electric furnace. It, like aluminum and carborundum, is a product which has long been known to the chemist but which cannot be produced sizes supplied for use on the farm sufficient carbide can be put in the machine so that it will operate without any attention whatever for as many months. The process of cleaning and re-charging is a simple one in the modern machine, and usually takes less Recharging the Tank of an Up-to-date Acetylene Lighting System. than half an hour. An acetylene light is brilliant and steady, and it does not tire the eyes. Tho reason for this is that the color of the light is exactly the same as that of sunlight. The gas is so rich in illuminating power than a 25 candle-power light gives out one- tenth as much heat as a 25 candle power oil or gas flame. The .Safety or This System. Xo matches are needed in connection with an acetylene plant since friction lighters have been developed to sucli a point of perfection that they throw a spark into gas jet as the valve is opened. Electric lighters are also sol J which turn on the light from a distance. These are particularly convenient for out-door and cellar lights. The acetylene lighting system is one of the safest systems known. It is interesting to know that of all the 4000 fires reported in four large agricultural states but one of them was chargeable to acetylene, and in that case a portable lamp w;,s overturned. The safety feature is very valuable in barns. The barn lights are entirely enclosed and are provided with friction lighters. There is no danger of fire and no need of lanterns in a barn thus equipped. Many of the buoy lights anchored by the government near treacherous shoals and dangerous rocks are lighted by acetylene. The buoy holds a very large supply of carbide and operates automatically that is they light at sundown and go out at sun rise, for months at a time. The channel of the ship canal across the Isthmus of Panama is being lighted with acetylene to guide the ships, in their passage through it at night. Electricity in the Country. Electricity is also being used extensively for farm lighting. The suggestion of such a possibility ten years ago would have been laughed at. The electric plant has very recently been made more available for use on the farm b.' the invention of the Tungsten, or Mazda, lamps. These lamps require but one-third as much current as the former carbon lamps and can therefore be used where the cost of power and equipment for the old style lamps would be prohibited. There are many varieties of electric systems, but they may be generally divided into two classes. In the first, the engine and dynamo are so designed tjiat current can be used just as it comes from the machine. ' A storage battery i.s always atlde;I to provide current when the engine is not running. It is the intention to supply current direct when the load is heavy and to use the battery as an auxiliary. These plants are necessarily of rather large capacity. They are very well adapted for large farms and country places. The better grades of these plants give a quality of service which is fully equal to that given by the city central station. The more usual and less expensive farm lighting plants make the storage bf.ttery the principal source of cur- Continued on page 19.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1914, v. 69, no. 01 (Jan. 3) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA6901 |
Date of Original | 1914 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-04-18 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | VOL. LXIX INDIANAPOLIS, JAN. 3, 1914 NO. 1 Lighting Systems Suitable For Farm Homes Up-to-date farming methods have called the lighting problem prominently into view because farm administration in its newer phases make it imperative to have light in locations where it was considered unimportant before, and to have more light everywhere. Good light adds much to the efficiency of the farm. The barn, the dairy and the stables are the farmer's work shop. The progressive farmer .(•nd the manufacturer are both learning the same lesson, that good light pays. Work in a well-lighted room can be done so much more quickly and so much better than would be the case if poorly lighted. A good lighting system also adds much to the comfort or farm life. It . an have much" to do with the "back to the farm" movement. It places farm life on a much higher plane. There is nothing more cheerful than a well lighted, warm sitting room in which in. family can gather, and there is no !letter way to combat the lure of the .ity for the sons and daughters, than to provide the home with these city :.rts. The farm Dome is beginning to take its distinction from the ■ luality and brightness of its lights. The evening passersby always judge it in this way. The lamps of olden times were used ■ hjefly in temples, and had an oil or fat or some combustible material like pitch or resin for their fuel. Ever since these primitive lamps attracted Uie attention of some inventive mind, steady progress has been made in the development of lighting systems. Especially in the last one -hundred years lias invention been active. It is but recently however that the farmer has been afforded advantages such as those who live in the city have long enjoyed. In modern times we have three principal illuminants, oil, gas and electricity. All are now available for use on the farm. The Modern Oil Lamps. The oil lamp with which all are familiar is by far the most common. It is a very dependable lamp and has been greatly improved in the last twenty years. Each lamp requires frequent attention In filling and cleaning, and in addition the burners should get a thorough cleaning at intervals. When well cared for, the oil lamp is an entirely satisfactory solution of the lighting problem in homes where but little light is required, and where the portable lamps are not likely to cause any tire hazard. 'Til and gasoline lamps are now made in which the fuel is converted into a ■^■s. and this heats a mantle until it • "tnes incandescent. These lamps give a very bright light and are economical in their use of oil. They require rather skilled attention, however, and it takes a few minutes to start the light. The danger of breakage of the fragile mantles is particularly great with these portable lamps, and the mantle has to be in good condition in order to give a .satisfactory light. These oil lamps can hardly be class- The Importance of Goo^^vumination in Rural Buildings and V^ to Provide It. ed as lighting systems. A mof1' ^^n of the gasoline lamp, howt. "v'V.tNde- serves this name, for in it gaso^ne or gasoline vapor is supplied to gas chandeliers and fixtures. Merits of Acetylene Gas. The acetylene lighting .system is a popular form of gas lighting. Acety- commercially without the intense heat of the mammoth electric furnaces such as have been built at Niagara Falls and other large water-power centers. The gas is generated in automatic machines of various capacities. In the smaller sizes one charge of carbide will supply sufficient gas for from one to three weeks, while in the larger A Modern Electric Lighting Outfit Suitable for the Farm Home. lene is a gas which is made by bringing water and calcium carbide into contact. Calcium carbide is a product of the electric furnace. It, like aluminum and carborundum, is a product which has long been known to the chemist but which cannot be produced sizes supplied for use on the farm sufficient carbide can be put in the machine so that it will operate without any attention whatever for as many months. The process of cleaning and re-charging is a simple one in the modern machine, and usually takes less Recharging the Tank of an Up-to-date Acetylene Lighting System. than half an hour. An acetylene light is brilliant and steady, and it does not tire the eyes. Tho reason for this is that the color of the light is exactly the same as that of sunlight. The gas is so rich in illuminating power than a 25 candle-power light gives out one- tenth as much heat as a 25 candle power oil or gas flame. The .Safety or This System. Xo matches are needed in connection with an acetylene plant since friction lighters have been developed to sucli a point of perfection that they throw a spark into gas jet as the valve is opened. Electric lighters are also sol J which turn on the light from a distance. These are particularly convenient for out-door and cellar lights. The acetylene lighting system is one of the safest systems known. It is interesting to know that of all the 4000 fires reported in four large agricultural states but one of them was chargeable to acetylene, and in that case a portable lamp w;,s overturned. The safety feature is very valuable in barns. The barn lights are entirely enclosed and are provided with friction lighters. There is no danger of fire and no need of lanterns in a barn thus equipped. Many of the buoy lights anchored by the government near treacherous shoals and dangerous rocks are lighted by acetylene. The buoy holds a very large supply of carbide and operates automatically that is they light at sundown and go out at sun rise, for months at a time. The channel of the ship canal across the Isthmus of Panama is being lighted with acetylene to guide the ships, in their passage through it at night. Electricity in the Country. Electricity is also being used extensively for farm lighting. The suggestion of such a possibility ten years ago would have been laughed at. The electric plant has very recently been made more available for use on the farm b.' the invention of the Tungsten, or Mazda, lamps. These lamps require but one-third as much current as the former carbon lamps and can therefore be used where the cost of power and equipment for the old style lamps would be prohibited. There are many varieties of electric systems, but they may be generally divided into two classes. In the first, the engine and dynamo are so designed tjiat current can be used just as it comes from the machine. ' A storage battery i.s always atlde;I to provide current when the engine is not running. It is the intention to supply current direct when the load is heavy and to use the battery as an auxiliary. These plants are necessarily of rather large capacity. They are very well adapted for large farms and country places. The better grades of these plants give a quality of service which is fully equal to that given by the city central station. The more usual and less expensive farm lighting plants make the storage bf.ttery the principal source of cur- Continued on page 19. |
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