Yol. IX.
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, SEPTEMBER 12, 1874.
No. 36,
Live StocL
Eeffect of Sulphur ou Swine.
The Live Stock Journal says:_ The
medical effect of sulphur on swine is alterative and tonic combined._ Sulphur
in large doses ia an irritant; in medical
doses, a laxative, alterative, and general
stimulant of the mucous surfaces; arid
when applied externally, an efficacious
remedy for skin diseases. Giveto the pig
internally, it acts as an alterative, exerting a gentle stimulant action, especially
on the processes of secretion, and gradually improving the general health. Its
efficacy as a vermifuge, though often extolled, is probably overestimated. Copperas is irritant, astringent and tonic. Its
irritant properties appear to depend on
its chemical action on the albuminous tissues, and the vital reaction consequently
induced. When given in small and repeated doses, it acts not only as an astringent, but also a tonic. Its effects on the
system depend on a chemically astringent
and vitally invigorating influence, exerted
first in the intestinal canal, and subsequently on all parts of the body to which
the medicine is carried 'in the blood.
Copperas is beneficially administered in
all_ cases where the powers of life are languishing and depressed. It is scarcely
entitled to be considered as a vermifuge,
though it often prevents production of
worms, by arresting an undue accumulation of mucus, and imparting a healthy
tone to the intestines. It is occasionally
used externally as a styptic and astringent, usually in the form of powder or
solution. By sulphur and copperas ,we
mean flowers of sulphur and sulphate of
iron. . • . :■ .
Live Stock in Indiana and Ohio.
..=- The^fitatisticsat the. State Auditor's
Office exhibit the < following number of
cattle, sheep, horses, hogs and mules in
Indiana, on the first day of June, 1874, as
reportedby the Assessors:
1874.  ■       -1873. -'
Horses :    518,102 514,138
Cattle 1,275,265      1,211,246
Mules ......'...:......      62,005   '      54,307
Sheep : .\1,201;464 1,235,874
Hogs 2,SS3,«54       2,999,139
Thus it is seen that whilst in horses,
cattle and mules there have been a considerable" increase over last year; in sheep
and hogs there is a falling off.
The State Auditor of Ohio furnishes
the following tabular statement exhibiting the number of cattle, sheep, horses,
hogs and mules in the State for 1873 and
1874, as furnished the Auditor's Office by
the Assessors in each township. It will
be seen that the number of sheep and
hogs has decreased since last year;
1874. 1873.
Horses :    729,303 724,602
■Cattle 1,973,864 1,765,331
Mules,etc      25,345 23,638
Sheep.  4,333,808 4,596,864
Hogs .-. 1,915,220 2,088,313
With respect to hogs, the information
from other States in the West confirms
the belief that the hog crop will be considerable lighter this year than last, and
these statistics will enable all to act intelligently in putting it on the market.
 » » »    ■
The Coming Sales of Fine Stock.
P. C. Kidd, of  Lexington,   Ky., announces the following engagements:
• Oct. 5th, Stevens & Todhunter, Lexington, Ky., trotting stock.
Oct. 6th, Herr & Prewitt, Lexington,
Ky., trotting stock.
Oct. 7th, Chew & Buford, Lexington,
Ky.,t rotting stock.
Oct. 8th, Bradley & Woolfold, Lexington, Ky., trotting stock.
Oct. 9th, Gr. A. Bayne, Lexington, Ky„
trotting stock.
Oct. 29, B. B. Groom, Winchester, Ky.,
Short-Horns.
Oct. 30th, Gay & Bro., Mt. Echo, Ky.,
Short-Horns.
Oct. '31st, AVm. Buckner, Agent, Winchester, Ky., Short-Horns.
 .  » .	
Watering Horses.
"'' A full drink of water immediately after
being fed should never  be allowed to
horses.   When water has been drank by
them the bulk of it goes directly to their
large intestines, andl ittle of it is retained
in their stomachs.   In passing through
them, however, the water carries considerable quantities of their contents where
it lodges in the intestines.   If, then, the
contents of horses' stomachs^ are washed
out of them before they are digested, tfhey
are in a manner lost, no nourishment be-
Jng derived from them.   Colics in horses
[frequently arise from this cause, and to
lit the appearance of corn entire among
jthe dung is often due.
Feeding Farm Horses.
■ During a discussion on the farm horse
at a club in Aberdeenshire, Scotland, the
following paper was read by a member:'
The feeding of horses is an important
point in their management. Many farmers
would be great gainers by paying more attention to this matter.—Some servants
when they have access to the corn bin,
give the horses they have in charge too
much corn. Many of them have the erroneous notion that the more corn their
horses get, the fatter they must be, and
instances are not uncommon where more
than six bushels a  week   are  given to a
Steam
Locomotion
Roads.
on   Common
An ingenious Scotch engineer has lately
introduced a road-steamer upon the streets
of Glasgow, the successful operation of
which, and its absolute freedom from objection of any kind, are believed to have
solved the problem of steam locomotives
on common roads, which has given rise to
so much investigation and experiment of
late years. By this new arrangement, the
engine attached to the road-carriage is so
simple in construction, and so completely
under control, that it is_ possible to stop
the carriage, when travelling at the rate of
Threshing Trial.
The Steuben, Ind., Republican gives an
account ofa late trial of the Nichols, Shep-
ard & co., Ten Horse Vibrator, at Salem,
Ind. The work began at 6:1G in the afternoon. The running time was seven hours
and fifty-nine minutes, in whieh time was
threshed one thousand bushels of wheat.
The numerical force at the machine was
eighteenmen and ten horses. The straw
was not in good threshingcondition, being
damp and tough, but tlie wheat was turned out in perfectly satisfactery manner.
The job was pronounced well done in every respect. The day's work was concluded by threshing the balance of the crop,
about 140 bushels; making a grand total of
1,140 bushels.
Indiana .Fanner Family.
Lst us have enough of this brief correspondence to
fill a page.
DEVON BULL, GRANT,
Owned, by Jesse Mead, Bowlusville,  Clark Co.,  Ohio.
single pair. • Too much
horses for eating' other
occasionally subjects them to serious dis
ease. Four bushels of good, sound : oats
weekly, along with a few Swedish turnips
or other roots, and plenty, of good straw,
will keep a pair of healthy farm horses in
good order through the winter, even
though they be pretty hard wrought. If
thea such an allowance be sufficient for a
pair, it is folly and waste to give them
more. Hay may have to be substituted
for straw, but no more corn will be necessary to sustain them, even when they have
to go "their ten hours" in the busy spring
season.—If sound and healthy horses that
are doing only fair work, do not keep in
good condition with these supplies, the
.master may enquire whether the carelessness of the groom be not to blame for it.
Horses thatare greedy feeders, or that
swallow their corn whole, should have it
bruised or ground. A little chaff mixed
with corn helps to make horses chew it—
and well-chewed is of far more importance
than many think. Unless it be well-ground
and mixed with saliva in their mouths, it
is but imperfectly digested in their
stomachs, and without perfect digestion
there, its full benefit is not obtained.
Bran for Horses.
Bran, when fed to animals, is laxative,
and on this account should not be fed to
horses in any quantity when hard work is
at all required of them, because weakness
is caused by this relaxation of the bowels,
and great injury inflicted. The theory
that introduces bran into the horse stables
is as pernicious in its effects as the indiscriminate use of bran itself, as the whim
of the stableman, and the theory is that
horses, sick or well, should be fed on
bran mashes. A little bran with other
and more substantial articles of food may,
however, be occasionally given with advantage, but always taking care not to
feed it in quantities to give rise to looseness of the bowels, nor De counted to the
poor horse as so much other solid food,
for in doing so, you not only deceive
yourself, but cheat your horse.—Journal
of Farm.
.     * ^ . •—
The number of farms in California is
23,734; their average size, 482 acres ; their
total cash value, $141,500,000; total cost
of fences, $29,000,000; annual cost of
fences (including repairs and interest,)
$8,000,000; all annual products, $50,000,-
000; live stock, $37,000,000; fruit trees, 3,-
000,000; grape vines, 29,000,000; annual
production of grapes, 800,000 tons ; annual
production of wine, 5,000,000; annual production of brandy, 200,000 gallons.
All this where 25 years ago only a few
Mexican ranches were to be found.
corn indisposes six miles an -hour, within- a distance of
provender, and | fifteen feet. An annulus, provided for the
emission of steamin a continuous glow,
prevents the noise of puffing and snorting
of the engine, and obviates all difficulty
and danger of horses shying or becoming
frightened. It is stated that the inventor
of this road-steamer has applied the principle here involved in the manufacture of
a private travelling carriage, and proposes
to build steam omnibuses for city convenience and traffic. The small'private carriage, after many experiments in the most
crowded streets of Glasgow, was found to
be perfectly manageable, while the steam
omnibus, according to the plan proposed,
will, it is believed, prove equally favorable
in its operation, besides being from forty
to fifty per cent, less expensive in working
than an ordinary horse omnibus of the
same capacity.
 » * «	
.String Beans.—Let the pods be very
tender, cut off each end; then with a
sharp, thin-bladed knife cut each pod in
thin longitudinal slices, each slice being
composed of equal halves of the two sides
of the pod. Throw into boiling water,
boil sharp 15 minutes, add a little salt, and
serve hot. Not one person in a hundred
will guess what the delicious dish really is.
Though troublesome to prepare, it repays
the cook in the delight which it imparts.
City people needn't try it, as the bean pods
must be perfectly fresh.
Healthy Development.
It is a fact well established in the history of the world, that no country can develop rapidly and with prosperity, where
it ships off the raw material to be manufactured by some one else, and then imports the manufactured article, for it pays
the freight both ways, and the tendency is
constantly toward a condition of dependence. To develop healthfully and prosperously, we must more and more improve
by the light of this truth, and while open
ing up our fertile lands and mines, also
build factories to work up the raw materi
al, and thus develop agriculture and
manufactures equally. The West needs
this harmonious development more than
anything else to insure general prosperity.
It is true we are building up manufacturing in the West, but we need to do so more
and more.
Profit on Eleven Hens.
Stirring the Soil.
J. B. Root, a successful Illinois market
gardener, mentions some experiments in
The Fruit Recorder, showing the importance of stirring the soil as a preventive
of injury from drouth. He puts among
some of his crops a horse cultivator for
every four acres, and keeps it going early
in summer. The effect is always striking.
The soil, he says, becomes "splendidly
loose." In some instances the crop has
been doubled. Nothing keeps the moisture better in drouth. The result has
been particularly satisfactory with melons,
tomatoes, cucumbers and cabbages. For
onions, he has found nothing eoual to
manure for retaining moisture in tne soil.
  « ♦ «	
The following crop items are reported
by the Crawfordsville Journal. They are
encouraging: " Three miles southwest of
the city might truly be called the famous
wheat belt of Montgomery county. Jonathan Nutt had 28 acres, which averaged 34
bushels and 1 peek per acre. Isaac J.
Brawley had 45 acres, which averaged 24
bushels and 3 pecks per acre. The smallest yield was a piece of 17 acres, belonging
to M. H. Liter, which averaged 17 busli-
els. The general average of that whole
neighborhood was about 24 bushels."
R. H. Clayton sends to the Rural
New Yorker his poultry account for the
year ending May 8,1874:
DR.
To 11 hens and 1 rooster $10 60
" feed from May 8,1873, to May 8,1874    38 40
" material for coops for chicks     2 50
$5150
CR.
By 36 young roosters, 50c  $18 00
"  41 pullets wintered over, 60c   24 60
"    4 roosters, 75o     3 oo
" 140 dozen eggs at 22c    SO 80
" 10 bushels manure, 45c     4 50
" 150 chicks now on hand, 4 to 7 weeks old,
and which may be safely valued at 18>^c.   27 50
"  11 hens on hand (original stock) 60c     6 60
$115 CO
.5150
Profit $63 50
I think this is a very fair showing for
the number of fowls at the start, making a
profit of over $5.70 per head. I may add
that I lost over 50 chicks last summer by
hawks and weasels. _ The fowls are of the
common sort, weighing about 4 lbs. each.
This is a most remarkable balance sheet
on eleven hens, making the profit equal to
that of two cows or fifteen sheep.
 .—■ » ■	
Clover After Potatoes.
Trimble County, Ky.
Cedar Grove Farm, Sept, 6.
Corn, average crop. Wheat 10 to 41 .bushels per
acre. Apples scarce. Potatoes a failure, about 20
bushels per acre. Hay half a crop. Oats, one
third crop. Tobacco, tenth of a crop. Hogs
scarce.
Clark county Ind. Corn good, nopotatoes. Oats
% crop. Hay same. Wheat good. Peaohes %
crop. Apples scarce, jenetlng total failure. No
hogs for sale. U. S. WOLF.
Marlon County.
Oakland, September 6th 1874.
In accordance with your request, published,
sometime since in the Farmer, I will say, that
the prospect for an abundant crop of corn, Is
flattering. Hog crop will fall % below last year.
There will be about an average acreage of wheat
sown In this part of the county. The last crop
was scarcely up to the average. D. A. S.
Marshall County.
Boprbon, Sep. 7th.
Wheat is turning out better than was expected.
Corn and potatoes are a very fair average.   Farmers are busy sowing wheat.   Considerable sickness in this connty at this time. G. W. C.
Montgomery County.
Darlington, Sept. 7th.
In accordance with your request that the farmers of the country report the condition of crops,
I here give you an installment. Wheat was about
an average, and is about all threshed. Corn bids
fair to De good. Oats were light. Fruit Is soarce,
there being very few apples. Several hogs have
died around here with the cholera. Hay isscarce.
A great many of the farmers are cutting the
second crop of clover for hay,
JIA3ELW00D GRANGE.
Huntington Counly.
Majenica Sep. 7th.
We had a large gathering at our late pic-nic at
the Fair Ground. Corn here ls good. Wheat
three-fourths of a crop. Oats good average. Hay
wassh-Jrt'ana f'inltfair. A large acreage being
sown to wheat. Early potatoes good, and late a
short crop. - -\Vm. CRANE.
• Huntington Sep. 6th.
Fruit crop good, but peaches rather small.
Wheat a moderate crop. Oats turned out good.
Corn much injured by th4 dry weather and
chinch bugs, iu places only half a crop. Vegetables generally good, and health' good. Farmers
very busy sowing wheat. E. W.
Warrick  County,
Falsomville Sep. 7th.
The corn crop looked well till very recently,
the second crop of chinch bugs is injuring the
corn very badly. Corn on upland won't make
half a crop. Preperation is being mado for a
large acreage of wheat sowing.
D. F. PEMI5EKTON.
Grant County,
Jonesboro Sep. 7th
I am glad to see the steps taken that has been
to get crop reports from the different Counties.
Wheat a pretty good yeild here. Oats and flax
good crops. Timothy not so good. Corn far better than last year. Potatoes above an average.
Apples a good crop and pf good quality, some are
injured with the rot. Some one better posted
can tell about the hogs. The Farmer is a welcome visitor ln this part. J. H.
Fayette County,
Steele, Sep. 7th.
Our Fair closed yesterday.' Everything passed
pleasantly.   Large attendance, and a good exhibition. Receipts $2,000. ty. P. ILES.
REMEDY WANTED.
In April I recieved from one ofourThorntown
breeders, a Berkshire pig, curiously affected viz:
discharging a thick dry substance from the nose,
then for some time thin, streaked with blood;
again It will appear as though all blood. These
are accompanied with snorting, or an effort to
blow the nose. The pig will start round the yard
and squeal as though in severe pain. Can any of
the readers ofthe Farmer give means and remedy. ' O.W.RUMMELL.
In 1872 we plowed an acre of ground and
planted it to corn, all except a corner
about three rods square, which was
planted in potatoes. Last year this piece
was sowed to oats, and seeded to timothy
and clover. When the grass was cut on
this piece this year, the clover was much
larger on the corner where the potatoes
were than where the corn was. Indeed, it
was so heavy that it lodged down long before tbe time to out grass, while that on
the ground where corn was planted stood
up comparatively well at the time of cutting.—C. H. Sackett.
Manuring Wheat,
Last year I manured the east side of
my wheat field. We put only a slight
dressing, but the effect was very decided.
When we were cutting the wheat, one of
the men who were binding after the machine, and who did not know that only a
part of the wheat was manured, remarked,
" If it was all as heavy, as it is on the east
side, we should have something to do.
The straw is perhaps no longer, but the
heads are larger, and every one of them is
full of grain. ' I think the thrashing machine will show this to be true. I have
frequently heard_farmers say, when discussing the question as to why we can not
raise as good wheat now as formerly, "it
is not because our land is poor. We can
grow,straw enough, but the grain is not
there. , bo far as my observation goes, we
seldom get too much straw. But whether
this is true or not, I feel sure that a little
rich manure is precisely what many of
our wheat fields need, to enable them to
yield a crop of grain.   '
Awkward !—" O, faith, won't you kiss
Dr. MeOluskie!" "I'm so shy, mamma !
You kiss him first!"
W*r*
7v