]S1
Vol. IX.
OT3IANAP0LIS, INDIANA, JULY 18, 1874.
No. 28.
LiYG Stock.
A LORD OF THE SOIL.
GEORGE* GRANT, PROPRIETOR OF THE VICTORIA COLONY, KANSAS.
. Mr. George Grant, tlie proprietor of
the •famous Victoria Colon}'' in Kansas,
spent Saturday in the city. Mr. Grant is
a Scotch gentleman, who acquired a large
"fortune as a silk merchant in London, and
who, with an enterprise and energy as unflagging as that of an ambitious youth who
has a fortune still to make, comes over
here with his fifty years' experience and
ample fortune, which he liberally invests
in Kansas and in tho improvement of stock.
He is a thorough believer in improvement
by judicious crossing, and his example is
already being felt by the spirit of emulation engendered among stock-raisers to improve the quality of .their stock. He has
just returned from Chicago, where he went
to meet stock coming from Canada. He
left two bulls, a Booth and Bates, both
representatives of a pure-blooded stock,
with Hon. John Mix, of Kankakee, the
great cattle-breeder of Illinois. This stock
will come through St. Louis for Victoria
in a couple of weeks. They are represented
by Mr. Grant to be the finest of their strain.
Mr. Grant has now at his colony ten bulls,
six Short-horns and four Angus pole bulls.
The latter he has great confidence in crossing with Cherokee cows, as the majority
of calves from these bulls are like their
sires. He estimates that not more than
five out of forty are like the cows. Mr.
Grant has 7,000 merino ewes which he intends to cross with sheep just bought in
Colorado. The cross will be with the long-
wool imported rams, such as pure Lin-
colns, the Cotswold and Oxford downs.
He will prove, notwithstanding the prevailing opinions_ to the contrary among
sheep-breeders in this country, that the
merinos will cross with the imported long-
wools, and he ventures the opinion that
the result will be successful by putting
6,000 to 7,000 of that breed with 3,000 of
the graded merinoes and pure merino,
Spanish tups. He is building a sheep cor-
Tal, covering twenty-one acres, arranged in
four divisions, with, gates to go out, so as
not to mix during the winter, when the
sheep will be fed on corn and hay. About
two miles south of the sheep corral he is
also building a cattle corral, covering about
the same area. Mr. Grant's land continues
to be rapidly taken up by Scotch, English
and American, parties. About twenty
square miles have bean already taken up by
NewYorkers, among whom are Mr. Gunth-
er.nephew of the Mayor, Mr. Shields and
Messrs. Clarke, Fisk, Flagg, and others.
Mr. Moller, owner ofthe largest sugar refiner}7 in New York, has lately come out
with his wife and daughter, and taken up
three square miles along Big Creek river.
An English gentleman, Mr. Ratcliff, of
London, who left there three days ago, has
purchased three square mile for himself,
and four square miles for two of his friends.
They all intend to come out with their
families next spring, and will build handsome residences. This colony differs in
every respect from other colonies founded
in the United States, most of the settlers
being persons of fair fortunes, who are
seeking a healthy climate and country life.
Mr. Grant will go back for a few days to
to collect sheep iu Colorado. About the
20th of July he will return here and go to
Kentucky, to be present at the stock sale
on the 22d, of Alexander, the great Shorthorn breeder. He then goes to East and
West Virginia, where he has already a
thorough-bred stallion and several fine
mares. At Victoria he has the finest stallion of the light-draft or Clydesdale-breed
in the country.—St. Louis Democrat.
 •
Diseased Swine.—The veteran farmer,
Levi Bartlett, of Warner, N. H., writes
thus to the Rural New Yorker: In your
issue of December 13th, I. L. Stewart,
Salisbury, N. C, gives an account of a
couple of hogs he had recently killed, in
which, to his surprise, he found the meat
filled with great numbers of little white
specks, or globules, or balls having the
appearance somewhat of a white worm.
The trouble with Mr. Stewart's swine was
that of hog measles. The small pustules
or tumors are mostly found in the throat
and about the shoulders. In bad cases,
the head-quarters are large in proportion
to their hind-quarters. Perhaps Mr. S.
may have noticed this. In this section,
hogs are occasionally slaughtered that upon
being opened present precisely the appearance as described by Mr. Stewart. Several
years ago, Prof. Simonds, of the Royal
Veterinary College, at a weekly meeting of
the Royal Agricultural Society, England,
?gave a lecture on The Natural History of
J Parasites affecting the internal parts of the
^bodies of animals, etc. * In the course of
jhis lecture, the professor tells how the
tape worm is introduced into the intestines
of man, viz:—by eating measly pork. If
that is a fact, whoever is so unfortunate
as to have measly swine, had better boil
them up for soap grease than to salt them
down for family use. Tape worms are not
a profitable kind of stock to propagate.
But to the professor's lecture. After describing several kinds of parasites to which
sheep are subject, he said : Next come the
Hydatis celluscooe, so called because it lay
in the cellular tissues, which collected the
muscles together in different parts of the
body. It was.the Ilyuaus which produced
that peculiar condition in the swine which
was known as measly flesh—an affection to
which the attention not only of naturalists,
physiologists and pathologists but. of the.
government,--also,- was-caliea during the
Crimean war, because it was found that
large quantities of measly pork where being
exported to supply our troops, the use_ of
which must have resulted in producing
tape-worms in the intestines of those who
ate it. As measly pork is considered a
dangerous kind of food, the probability is
that it was not offered for sale in the English market, but was purchased by contractors of pork for the army, and probably
at a much lower price than that of healthy
swine. It would seem that if the pork
was thoroughly boiled, fried_ or broiled, it
must give the parasites constituting measly
pork their quietus. If not, they must hold
on to life with a tenacity that is truly
astonishing. Measles in swine, and Trichinae spiralis are entirely different species
of parasites infesting porkers. Of the two,
I would prefer risking the tapeworm in
my intestines rather than having th»
muscles, of my body perforated in every
direction by the Trichinae spiralis. In
either Case, I would suffer extreme hunger
before I would eat pork infested with either
of the above named parasites even after it
had been boiled for two_ hours. Mr. Stewart may.fry some of his pork, and while
frying if it causes frequent reports, similar
to that ofa pop-gun, ne may then be 3ure
his hogs were measly.
Horse Morals.—In selecting a horse,
or mare for breeding, speed and form are
not all the qualities to be looked after.
Never breed to a vicious or ill-tempered
horse, no matter what maybe his pedigree
or antecedents. And reject at once any
horse lacking a sprightly intelligence.
There are as many degrees of intelligence
in a horse as in the human race, and without intelligence a horse is.always sluggish,
stupid and awkward in his movements.
The thoroughbred Arabian horse has generally that capacity necessary for learning
any useful lesson, that all his work and
labor for man is a pleasure to the owner
and apparently to the horse. We like to
see a man proud of a noble horse, but
more especially does it fill our heart with
delight to see a horse proud of his master.
There are clowns among horses, and they
are always a vexation to the owner. Some
will plod along the road, never looking
where they step, and just as likely to step
on a stump or in a hole in a bridge as nny
other place. But the intelligent horse
takes heed to his steps, and if anything
happens dangerous to life or limb to himself or his master, his judgment frequently
Erevents the accident. And a gentle, kind
orse, with a large.development of social
and intellectual powers, whiles away many
a weary hour of the lonely traveler, or
lightens the labor of the long days of the
tiller of the soil. In selectmg_ breeders
great care should be taken relative to the
social moralsof both horse and mare. Like
begets like, and in no case more so than
that of the horse. A bad and vicious
temper in a horse may be checked, but
never eradicated, and he will always be
unpleasant, dangerous, and in his fretting
and fuming will unnecessarily waste his
strength. Form and action have claimed
the closest scrutiny, and those qualities
have been given their full importance, but
the social morals of the horse have been
lost sight of in the strife for speed and
strength. Viciousness is almost invariably
transmitted to the progeny, more certainly
than color or points, and should be a serious objection to any horse as a good
breeder.—Iowa State Register.
m
Cure for Cholera.—A correspondent
at Mulberry Grove sends us what he recommends as the best cure for hog cholera
known. The recipe was first published in
the Prairie Farmer some years since. The
quantity given is sufficient for one hundred
hogs, and is mixed with slop enough for a
few doses, say a pint of the slop to the hog
each time. This is the recipe: Take of
sulphur, two pounds; black antimony,
one-half pound; arsenic, two ounces. Our
correspondent says he has tried the above
on a lot of fifty hogs, and cured all that
were able to walk to the trough to eat the
slop. Prof. J. B. Turner also published
the following preventative in the Prairie
Farmer in 1*304, which our correspondent
says he has seen used with perfect satisfaction : One peck wood ashes, four pounds
salt, one pound each of black antimony,
coperas and sulphur, one-fourth pound
saltpeter. Pulverize and mix, moisten and
put in a trough under shed where the hogs
can have free access to it.—Greenville (III.)
Advocate.
A Hen that was a Rooster.—P. A.
Cushion, of this county, had a chicken
hatched about eighteen months ago that
was gray on one side running back to the
side, on the opposite side a deep black. It
had a very heavy comb, and a large wattle
on the black side and small one on the
gray, a heavy spur on the left leg and a
light one on the right. It laid a dozen or
more eggs, set on them, hatched and raised
a brood of chickens, as any good lieii would,
After.tho chicks were .weaned, it went info
the -rooster business—crowed regularly,
fought the other roosters, got it a number
of wives and proceeded to assist them in
their domestic affairs, as a_ good rooster
should. By and by—that is, a week or
two ago—it laid down and died with the
cholera. A post-mortem examination discovered the fact that on the gray side it
was a perfectly developed hen, on the black
side a perfectly developed male.—Dresden
(Tenn.) Democrat.
Stock Sale.—The Hazel Bluff herd of
Short-horn cattle, belonging to Claude
Matthews, of Clinton, Vermillion county,
will be sold at the Terre Haute Fair
Grounds, August 13th. This is an excellent herd, and our readers would do well
to be careful of time and place, and secure
at this sale somegood breeding stock for
their own localities.
«*<*'=*"'§«* *■£■*?!
SOUTIIDOWNS,
THE GRANGE—ITS LESSONS AND
ITS WORK.
No literary exercise can be more beautiful or instructive than the initiatory and
degree work in a grange, especially when
the work is well done, and with a full understanding and application of its spirit
and meaning.   No matter how often it is
witnessed and heard, each time it is rendered new beauty will be developed to the
reflecting mind.   But to produce the best
effect, each officer should study and become familiar with his or her part.   Not
only should the words be read or spoken,
but their atonation and accent should be
carefully studied and considered.  It would
be all the better if the book could be dispensed with entirely, or at most employed
only as a prompter.   The music of the
grange should also receive especial attention.   Nothing adds more to the beauty of
our work  than  music  and  singing, and
nothing is more elevating and harmonizing
to the mind.    No grange can be well conducted without it.   All Masters should
urge the importance" of these matters upon
both officers and members.    The utmost
decorum should always be observed in the
grange.    The observance of decorum by
members is not only due to themselves and
to one another, as ladies and gentlemen
assembled together to deliberate and act
upon matters of common interest, but it is
also essential to the regular and harmonious proceedings ofa grange.    The grange
is the place where we should learn not
only how to transact public business, to
familiarize ourselves with parliamentary
usage and public speaking, but it should
also be made a school of manners, where
our children may learn how to behave both
in the public and in the family.   Fraternal
duties should never be forgotten.   In the
grance, fraternity has ever been placed at
the very base of society, and has been made
the corner stone ot every human effort.
We should feel that we are in reality what
we profess to be—a band of brothers and
sisters.   If a brother or sister is sick or in
distress we should be  ever   ready   and
prompt to offer all needed assistance, and
whenever, in the last event, it meets the
views of the relations of a deceased brother
or sister, the funeral services should be
conducted according to the usages of our
Order, and in the presence of as many of
the members of the bereaved grange as can
make it reasonably convenient to attend.
The grange is a democratic institution in
the highest and widest sense of the term.
The rights and duties of the members, as
regards one another, are found in and derived from the principle of absolute equality and fraternity. * Every member, male
or female, however humble she or he may
be, has the same right with each other to
speak, act and vote.   No association of any
age or character has ever before occupied
a_ field of labor so wide or so comprehensive as that now improved by the Order of
Patrons   of   Husbandry.    The  working
abilities are as broad as are the wants ana
needs of the human race, while at the same
time they are eminently simple, practical
and effective.   The work of the Order may
extend from the planting of a vine to the
construction of a continental railroad—
from the procurement of the simplest want
of an individual member to the purchase
of a home or farm.   It is expected to undertake the settlement of all disputes between its members, and between them and
all others.   If need be it can exert a con
trolling influence, by moral power alone,
in the election of every officer iu the land,
from a Justice of the Peace to the President of the Republic. It has business
agents wherever they are needed ; in the
country and in the metropolis, on both
sides of the continent, and on both sides
of _ the ocean. Beneath its protective
ajgis, wives and husbands, brothers and
sisters, rich and poor, meet in harmony
and on equality; to labor, to learn, to teach
and to sing praises to Him from whom
cometh every good and perfect gift. Let
us then strive to so do the great work before us that, when all our labor is over,
our children and children's children may
look back with just pride upon what we
have done ; while the Grand Master above
shall say. "Well done, good and faithful
servants."
THE EVILS OF THE CREDIT SYSTEM.
AN INQUIRY.
FROM BARREN COUNTY, KENTUCKY.
To Masters of Subordinate Oranges :
We are entering a crisis of pressure from drouth.
It has been dry- eight weeks. Our oats crop is a
failure. Corn Is drying up. There are no garden
vegetables. There has been no tobacco planted.
The meadows are a failure. We shall be compelled to send off our stock If it does not rain in ten
daj-s. Our wheat is good. What could we do
with horses, mules, and cattle in Indiana ? Could
we sell for money, at any price, or let them out
on shares, or buy feed 1 Please answer this without delay. C. W. Biggers,
Master of Oak Grove Grange, Nabob postomce,
Barren county, Kentucky.
FARM INTELLIGENCE.
The Scotch have a proverb to this effect:
''Better it is to have a crust with contentment, than a feast with uneasiness.'' Two-
thirds of all the evils that overtake us in
life, or that grow out of business troubles,
are entailed upon us by the false aud pernicious principles of incurring debt in the
uncertain hope  of gain.    Whenever the
future effort is pledged to secure a present
advantage, the parties to the arrangement
are both injured.    He making the pledge,
because there are so many chances of failure, and when that comes, the expense of
litigation  is  the  result,  and the frieuds
alienated are worth all the advantage were
he absolutely successful.    The experiment
is an investment whieh does not pay a dividend large enough to warrant the risk. On
the other hand, the party extending credit
takes a risk, to warrant which he must
have a per cent, that no legitimate business
will honestly sustain.   If disastor  overtakes the debtor, his chance for losing all
is good in nine cases out of ten.   Is it not
better that present inconvenience be labored under than to take risks by which all
concerned stand so good a chance to be injured?   One of the most potent influences
to nerve the heart of man to vigorous and
persistent effort is a feeling of independence.    When once debt is incurred, then
passes away that feeling.    The idea  of
working hard, and possibly denying oneself needed recreation and indulgence, for
the whole year, to pay every dollar over as
soon as realized, to some importunate creditor, is, to say the least of it, notprovoca-
tive of content or satisfaction.   Debt also
fosters habits of extravagance, and no class
of the world's working sons can indulge in
a useless expenditure of money with so
little propriety as the farmer.   There are
so many uses and necessities for it on his
farm, improving his stock, his lands, his
fences, beautifying and adorning his home,
supplying himself with books, and indeed
everything that makes life bright and sunshiny, as well as useful and effective. With
a small farm paid for, and the essentials of
life in his possession, bread and clothing,
with prudence and economy, competence
is within easy reach of every farmer in our
broad land.   Yes, "pay as you go" is a
maxim of business policy that will bear
the closest scrutiny, and bring the largest
satisfaction in the end.   This being one of
the cardinal principles of the Patrons of
Husbandry, we hope to see the Order acting squarely upon it.    Let not the farmer
be tempted from this sound business policy
by the doubtful chance of adding to his
stock  of  this world's goods where  the
chances, as a whole, are so greatly against
him.    Let the farmers of Texas, the granger, stand to his declared principle of the
Order, and the result will be seen and felt
at once.   Debt has been the bane of agriculture in the South.   It will so prove
wherever the farmers, either singly or as a
class, incur it.—Examiner and Patriot.
CROP REPORTS, ETC.
—Wheat was never better in Switzerland county than now.
—Posey county boasts of a wheat crop amounting to one million bushels.
—A subscriber enquires where he can buy Alfalfa seed, aud what is the cost per quart.
—The red-winged blackbirds are reported as destroying the chinch bugs extensively in some
portions of the State.
—Owen county: J. W. Archard, of Spencer, reports the corn crop never better; wheat about an
average; oats short, aud grass good.
—The Booneville Hepublican says the tobacco
crop raised in Warrick county, this year, can be
hauled in two wagons. What will we do for our
"pure Havana tilling?"
—The farmers in Illinois are importing Norman
horses. The animals are heavily built, and are
especially adapted for agricultural purposes, be-
possed of great muscular strength.
—Many hogs throughout the State are dying of
cholera. Pigs suffer the most. What will save
them? Black antimony sometimes cures, but is
regarded as a better preventive than cme.
—Robert Russel, on Mulberry creek, is stopping
the progress of chinch, bugs In his corn-field by
sprinkling coal oil where they are. They turn
over on their backs and die. One gallon insufficient for an acre. This remedy is his own invention.— Landmark.
—The Miami county Hepublican says: A curious and suggestive fact in natural history, as regards the chinch bug, and one that is doubly
valuable when once fully established, has been
verified In the experience of a number of our
farmers the present season—they inflict no perceptible injury to wheat growing on land that
has been manured. Manure tells and tells well
against the bug.
—Chinch bugs can be killed. The first year that
they made their appearance in Central Indiana,
they attacked a field of corn, adjoining wheat, on
the farm where we were raised, and had covered
about a dozen rows as thickly as chinch bugs ever get. We did not like to lose the whole field;
so while mother and sisters heated water on the
stove, father and the boys carried the boiling water in buckets, and commencing at the last row,
attacked—scalded every stalk that had bugs ou It
—killing corn and bugs at the same time. The
next morning the few bugs that escaped were
leaving the field, and we lost no more corn,
though many of our neighbors had whole fields
taken. A pint of boiling water would generally
do the work for a hill of corn, and although it
was a hard day's work, we always considered the
time well spent.—The Grasshopper.
—Mr. H. P. Randall, of this city, has the finest
tomatoes we have seen on the vines this season.
His manner of training the vines is a little peculiar. He allows but one vine to grow from a root,
and trains this to a stake. At each fork of the
vine he pinches off the weaker branch. This
throws the strength of the plant into the fruit,
and increases its size and hastens its maturity.
The tomatoes, under this arrangement, have the
advantage of all the light and air necessary for
their fullest development. They grow In clusters
around the Joints of the vine. On one of the
plants we noticed there were eight joints, each
with its cluster of tomatoes, the largest at the
bottom, and diminishing regularly In size to the
top. Some of them were nearly ripe, while those
oh vines of the same kind and age, growing b -
siue them, on the ground, were but just forming.
We shall grow our tomatoes on this plan hereafter, as it Is certainly a very good one.
J"«*V