Vol. LI.
nroi/mAPOii^-iroiAiTA, may ie, 1874
Ho. 19,
Live Stock.
[For the Indiana Farmer.
KENTUCKY STOCK SALE.   '.
In company with several gentlemen of
Indianapolis I went to Jefferson county,
Kentucky, to attend the great sale of
Golddust horses, by L. L. Dorsey, which
took place on his extensive stock farm,
eight miles from Louisville, on the' 6th
inst. The day was beautiful, and on our
arrival at the farm, we found from a thousand to fifteen hundred people assembled,
representing nearly every State in the
Union. At half-past ten o'clock, before
the sale commenced, the aged stallions
and trained horses were led out for the
inspection and admiration of the crowd;
Zilcadie, Emmerson, Maroon,'Ede_, Fancy,
and Glencoe Golddust—stallions and fast
trotters—were firs£ shown, and more magnificent specimens of the equine family it
has never been our lot to look upon. The
two first named were harnessed and
speeded upon the mile track,' and although no time was taken, it was con-
ceeded by all that they showed better
than a two-thirty gait. Several others
were driven to harness, and satisfied
everybody that the Golddusts are not
only a family of very fast natural trotters,
but the most stylish, trappy drivers, _ of
good size and fine disposition. Bidding
was quite spirited, and notwithstanding
the scarcity of money the animals brought
good prices generally. Mr. Dorsey only
sold.about one-third of his stock, and
stillTias near one hundred head of weanlings, yearlings, two-year-olds, brood
mares and stallions, which he proposes to
dispose of at private sale. The following
is a list of the horses sold and prices realized :
STALLIONS. *
Emmerson Golddust, by Golddust, dam by
Highland  Messenger, chestnut, can trot
close to 2:30, C years old $2,023
Bay, 3 years old, 15 hands high, by Golddust,
dam thoroughbred by S*son of Lexington, 505
Fancy Golddust, jr., by Golddust, dam by
Monsieur Tonison, thoroughbred      350
Golden Chestnut, by Willy Golddust, dam
by Golddust ;     425
Black, 3 years old, by Eden Golddust     250
Brown, 3 years old, by Eden Golddust, dam
by Patsy Morgan     430
Bay, 3 years old, by Fancy Golddust, dam
thoroughbred      210
Dark Bay, by Billy Golddust, dam by Ole
Bull..
175
Light Sorrel, by Billy Golddust  280
Chestnut, by Billy Golddust, dam a Hambletonian mare  250
Chestnut, 2 years old,  by  Billy Golddust,
dam thirough ired  *500
Bay, by Billy uolddust, dam Mayflower  2UH
Brown, by Billy Golddust, dam by Hinton's
Eclipse  340
Chestnut, by Billy Golddust, dam by Hinton's Eclipse  170
Bay, by Billy Golddust, dam by Jehu  200
Chestnut, by Billy Golddust, dam thoroughbred .-  200
Chestnut, by Billy Golddust ^  220
Bay, bv Billy Golddust, dam thoroughbred, 210
Black, by Billy Golddust, dam by Pilot  550
Chestnut, by Billy Golddust :  320
Sorrel, by Golddust, 2 years old .'. 450
Sorrel, by Golddust, 2 years old..... ,  21D
Bay, by Golddust, 2 years old  150
Chesnut, 2 years old, by Golddust, dam by
Printer mare  190
Chestnut, 2 years old, by Golddust, dam by
Edwin Forest  1,079
Brown, 2 years old  190
Pirate Golddust, chestnut, 6 years old  500
Chestnut, by Golddust, 4 yers old  200
FILLIES THREE YEAKS OLD.
Sorrel, by Golddust, dam Mary Morgan  500
Chestnut, by Golddust,   dam   by   Green
Mountain Blackhawk  610
Chestnut, by Golddust  220
Chestnut, by Golddust, dam by Don Blain... 190
Brown, by   Golddust, dam   by  Excelsior
Morgan  200
Bay, by Eden Golddust  325
Brown, by Golddust   200
Brown, by Golddust   230
Brown, by Golddust   200
Bay, by Eden Golddust   230
Bay, by Golddust, dam by Lexington  480
Cream colored, 2 years old, by Golddust „ 200
Bay, 2 yearsold, by Golddust  420
Light Chestnut, 2 years old, by Golddust  450
DRIVING HORSES AND MARES.
Chestnut gelding, 5 years old, by Golddust, 535
A close mate to above  310
Chestnut mare, 6 years old, by Golddust  725
Light Chestnut mare, by Golddust....  270
Light Chestnut gelding, 16 hands high, by
Billy Golddust  525
Black gelding, 2 years old  130
Total..
 ....818.185
N.  A.  R.
square, in each of which I could keep a
pair of colts. I fed them during the winter upon cut feed and a few oats, just'as
my horses were fed, the feed being either
cut sheaf-oats or cut_ cornstalks, and meal
and bran, with occasional hay* and linseed
meal. I curried them daily, and gave
them just as much attention as a grown
horse should have, and many a poor potbellied, neglected creature, which I hA-e
picked up for a song lest it might die, I
nave brought round into a thrifty, flourishing young horse. When a pair matched
pretty closely I put them together, and by
training them during leisure times early,
they were broken to light work without
much trouble. What they ate was really
so little that I never kept any account of
it, but probably three pair of colts cost
will always find that it pays to take good
care of their stock, as some of onr most
successful stock men say that next to
having good stock is to take care of them
well; and in a few years farmers who get
a good stock of half-bred "Shorthorns,
seeing the benefits, will grade up higher—
alwaj'sl using a thoroughbred bull—until
they will get a herd of high grades^ that
they will be proud, of, and that will be
more profitable than scrub stock, and
what is true of cattle is also true of
horses, sheep and hogs. We need better
horses, we want more of the thoroughbred blood infused into our stock of
farm horses to make them more efficient and serviceable and capable of
greater endurance," and they will be
more saleable and more valuable.   And it
shall make any repairs they may need,
caused by neglect or carelessness while
under the care of such railroad or company. Jt is remarked as something of
a coincidence, that a car filling the above
description has been patented, and that
the owners of the patent, who are said to
be now in the city, will have a pretty
good thing of it if this bill pass.
 •	
Fish in Michigan.—A Lansing paper
has the follwing in reference to an exhibition of fish given by G. H. Jerome, State
Superintendent at Lansing, and what is
being done to stock the waters of that
State : " The California salmon on exhibition were from four months old to some
just hatched out; the largest specimens be-
"FOREST NAPIE-R."   11073.
Imported ; three years old; owned by S. Meredith it Son, Cambridge City, Indiana.
no more to keep than one pair of horses.
In summer their keep was pasture with a
quart of meal or oats per day only, but
they were always brought into their stable
at night and fed cut green fodder with the
other horses. _ I kept few of them over
the second. winter, having more demand
for them than I cared to supply unless I
got*my own price for them. I have sold a
pair of very nearly matched two-year-
olds, broken, _ or rather trained to drive
double and single, for $500, which cost
me a year and a half previously 375.00 for
one and but $25.00 for the other. Their
whole keep could, not have cost me over
$50.00 up to the day I sold them. I give
you the figures from my ledger of the cost
and produce of a few of these colts taken
at random; the whole list would be too
long, as I had upon the average from eight
to ten colts at a time :
One yearling, costing S55, sold at 2 yrs old for ("125
" " " 60,       '•       \y, "        150
"      .    " " 70,      "2 "        175
One weanling    "        40,      "      2%        "       125
Two weanlings " 65,      "       2)4 "       250
is now admitted by all that Western
farmers cannot profitably raise any but
the improved breeds^ of sheep and hogs,
and we want to see this improvement extended to all stock raised on Western
farms.—A. S. Journal.
Number of Swine in the Western
States.—It is well, occasionally, to take
a statistical view of any particular product
that one may have just ideas of supply and
demand. We are indebted to the Department of Agriculture for the following
statement of the number of swine, of all
ages, in the States named, compiled from
the preliminary tables of the Statistical
Department, by J. R. Dodge:
States. No. In 1874.
Tennessee 1,420,900
West Virginia  331,000
Kentucky .2,008,0O» -
A Hint to Horsemen.—Having' for
several years kept mares upon my farm
for the purpose of raising colts, I discovered that it was more profitable to let my
neighbors keep the mares while I yet
raised the colts. I found that, on the
whole, the money and time expended, the
risk run, and the attention needed, before
the colt was able to look after itself, was
the greater part of the cost of the colt
until it becomes a horse. I therefore
changed my plan; I disposed of my
mares and got geldings for my farm work,
thus getting rid of a vast deal of trouble.
Then when my neighbors needed $50.00 or
so at any time, which they very often did,
they could always sell me a yearling colt,
or at least a weaned one. It was "not long
Jbefore my reputation as a buyer of colts
[became spread, and I soon had my pick of
Jthe colts within a dozen miles around. I
imade a shed with loose boxes sixteen feet
Ohio .2,017,
Michigan   510,800
Indiana .2,496,700
Illinois .3,409,700
m,       ,     ,   . , , , 1 Wisconsin   618,800
.The  last two colts, as the one above j Minnesota  201,200
mentioned, costing $25.00, were purchased {%™0{iii •.'."JS300
from a man who used to* keep his stock in | Kansas...!'.V.'.'.'.".V.V.'.".".'.V.V.'.'.'.'.'.'.' '484|600
very poor condition, and boasted after he / Jfebjasta  128,500
had sold them that _ would have a couple  Callfornia  &&
of dead colts.   The next year,- however, 1
) Oregon   171.200
they were sold to make room for others at j j^Z^^ZZZZ^lf^m
a very profitable price. I think I have
given a hint to some of my brother farmers how, by keeping their eyes open, they
may turn an honest _penny and accommodate their poor neighbors at the same
time.' The colts will receive more attention, and consequently yield larger returns
than when distributed among different
farmers.—Ex.
No. in 1873.
.    1,590,(-00
351,000
2,113,700
2,217,000
543,500
2,713,900
3,706,300
658,400
209,600
3,847,700
2,656,500
457,200
121,300
427,300
163,300
21,783,700
ing about three inches long, while those
just hatched are about half an inch in
length and slender as a pin, with a little
sack or egg attacted, like a kernel of pearl
barley, from which the tiny fish draws its
living for five weeks. The growth of these
fish is so rapid that at four months old
they are 15.000 times larger than when first
hatched.- In California these salmon attain an enormous size, often weighing fifty
pounds. At three years they weigh twelve
to fifteen poupds. They are delicious eating. The other varieties exhibited were
speckled trout, white fish, land-locked salmon, and Atlantic coast salmon. Mr. Jerome states that where the eggs are protected, as in the State hatchery, about 95
per cent hatch out; but where they are left
in the stream as deposited, not one in five
hundred ever become fish. They are devoured by fish or otherwise lost. The Fish
Commission was organized under Act No.
124 of 1873, and the first distribution of
fish was in May last, consisting of about
well as an enterprising and successful mer-»
chant. Mr. Layman has ample capital, he
buys in the best markets for cash, and we
have no doubt that his ripe experience and
business qualifications will save many hundreds of dollars to the grangers who have
conimissioned him to buy and sell dry
goods and groceries for them. The plan
adobted by the members of the Order in
Owen county is a good one, and we commend it to others in other localities. Instead of committing the business to one
whe has no experience and no business
trailing, they have made arrangements to
dea with an honorable and experienced
mei chant, who knows how to buy low and
is v illing to sell at a small profit.
TIE NEW DISTRICTS AND DEPUTIES.
Isend you a list of the Districts, as I
haie formed them, and the Deputies ap-
poi ited, as follows :
ljirst District—Composed of the counties
of Randolph, Jay, Adams, Allen, DeKalb,
Steuben, Lagrange, Noble, Whitley, Huntington, Grant, Blackford, Wells, Delaware, Madison, Hamilton, Tipton, Howard, Miami, Kosciusko, Elkhart and Wabash, which will for the present be superintended by the Master of the State Grange,
who will also, if necessary for the good of
the Order, visit any part of the State.
Second District—Composed of the counties of St. Joseph, Marshall, Fulton, Cass,
Carroll, Clinton, Boone, Montgomery, Tippecanoe, White, Pulaski, Stark, Laporte,
Porter, Jasper, Lake, Newton, Benton,
Warren, Fountain; J. T. Graham, Deputy,
Crawfordsville.
Third District—Composed of the counties of Hendricks, Putnam, Park, Vermillion, Vigo, Clay, Owen, Morgan, Monroe,
Greene, Sullivan, Knox. Da vies, Lawrence,
Orange, Dubois, Pike,Gibson, Posey, Vanderburg, Warrick, Spencer, Perry, Crawford and Martin ; R. M. Hazlett, Deputy,
Greencastle, Putnam county.
; Fourth District—Composed of the counties of Harrison, Floyd, Clark, Washington, Scott, Jefferson, Switzerland, Ohio,
Dearborn, Ripley, Jennings, Jackson,
Brown, Bartholomew, Decatur, Franklin,
Union, Fayette, Rush, Shelby, Johnson,
Harfcock and Wayne; J. Q. A. Newsom,
Deputy, Elizabethtown, Bartholomew
county. »
I also recommend Bro. E. A. Olleman,
of tho Indiana Farmer, as _ being fully
competent to give instruction in the work
of tile Order. II. James;
M. Ind. S. G. P. of H.
Marion, Ind., May 11.
 •	
[For the Indiana Farmer.
HARD TIMES.
If we buy more than we sell, we are as
much poorer as the quantity that we purchase exceeds what we sell. " Always
taking out of the meal tub and never putting in brings us to the bottom," is an old
adage, but nevertheless true. We will give
a few items. During the past winter we
have sold more onions, shipped from Liverpool—grown upon land worth, perhaps,
$500peracre, shipped three thousand miles
by water and a thousand by land—than we
have sold of onions grown in our own
40,000 Atlantic salmon in different riversi' State.   If our own State has consumed
Improved Stock— Hioh Grades.—
That improved stock will pay should no
longer be a matter of doubt by intelligent
farmers, when we consider that the
world moves, that improvement is the order of this day and age. If our farmers
do not improve their stock they will fall
behind hand, for the time has come when
the stock is the main stay on the farm;
raising corn and oats don't pay the actual
expense of production, unless it is marketed through stock, and to successfully
compete in the stock markets against
Kentucky and the East, our Western
States must have improved stock. It
may not be, practical for all farmers to
raise thoroughbred _ cattle, but we must
insist that it is both "practical and profitable for the Western farmers to improve
their stock, and instead of the common
scrub stock raise high grades. A half-
bred Durham steer is pre-eminently better for beef than a common scrub, will
always command a higher price, will mature earlier, and is sufficiently hardy to
take the ordinary treatment of the common stock of the farm, although farmers
Amendments to the Law to Prevent
Cruelty to animals in Transit.—The
House Committee on "Agriculture have
agreed to a bill amending tho law of March
3,1873, to prevent cruelty to animals while
in transit, by railroad or other means of
transportation. The amendments consist
of provisions that the cattle need not be
unloaded for food and rest, as contemplated by the law, if they are carried in
cars in which they can have proper food,
water, space and opportunity for rest; and
that all railroad companies of. the United
States shall convey over their roads any
car or cars belonging to individuals or
companies, that are in good running order, and are so arranged that the animals
have space for rest, and can be lightly fed
and watered while confined therein; and
shall afford all reasonable facilities for
watering the same at least twice in every
twenty-four hours, at suitable intervals
or places along tho line of the'road ;*and
shall convey them, in a safe and careful
manner, with the same dispatch that such
company move their own cars loaded with
like freight; and they may charge the
same rates for freight for moving the
same frora plaee to place that they charge
other shippers using the cars belonging to
the Company, and no more, directly or
indirectly: and they shall pay the owners
of the cars thus furnished a fair and
reasonable mileage for the use of the
same while loaded, and return them unloaded   without unnecessary delay; and
ofthe State. In June about 300,000 shad
were placed in various rivers. The only
lake in which these shad were placed is
Long Lake in Kalamazoo county, which
received 10,000. During the past winter
they have hatched 1,500,000 white fish,
which are now ready for distribution.
They also obtained 80,000 California salmon eggs, which were taken from McCloud
river, a tributary ofthe Sacramento. These
eggs were hatched at the private hatchery
of Jackson_ Crouch, near Jackson. They
were deposited, in December and January
last, as follows: 15,000 in the headwaters
of the St. Joseph, 15,000 in the Kalamazoo, 30,000 in Grand River, 3,000 ip Gull
Lake, Kalamazoo county. Jackson
Crouch retains about 2,000, subject to the
orders of the Commission, and there are
about 1,000 at the State hatchery, #rhich
Mr. Jerome retains in order to watch their
growth and habits. In the State hatchery
there are also 185,000 Atlantic salmon
eggs, which are now hatching a.t the rate
of about 10,000 per day. He has placed
the eggs of 4,000 or 5,000 land-locked salmon in the hatchery.
Parties interested in fish culture in different parts of the State have sent him descriptions of one hundred and sixty lakes,
which have already been registered by the
Commission. Mr. Jerome is collecting
data for a map of the small lakes of the
State.
      ■   ■»   »   :	
We notice that our old friend, Mr. T.
D. Layman, has been appointed to conduct
a grange store at Quincy, Owen county,
Ind., and we take pleasure in commending
him to the members of the Order in Owen
and Morgan counties as the right man in
the right place. We have had an intimate
acquaintance with Mr. Layman for nearly
twenty years, and know him to be a thoroughly honest and reliable gentleman, as
20,000 bbls. of onions, at an average of
$5 per bbl., it makes the sum of $100,000.
Potatoes,   we    will    probably   consume
this year 150,000 bush, more than we have
grown, at an average cost of $1 per bush.,
making the nice Tittle sum of $150,000;
dried beans and apples, $50,000; dried corn,
$25,000;  canned corn, probably $25,000;
canned small berries and tomatoes, $100,-
000 ; pickles, $50,000.   During this winter
a large amount of butter has been shipped
to this State from Ohio and Michigan,
amounting to thousands of dollars.   Our
cheese comes principally from other States
—Ohio sending us the most—which costs
at least $100,000 annually, and yet we have
every facility formaking butter and cheese,
for in a considerable portion of the State
the finest grass and water may be had.
Nursery stock, and trees bought from nursery agencies, frequently not reliable, say
$50,000more. So we might add many others,
but these are sufficient for this article.
We have named enough to aggregate a half
million, which enterprise in farming and
gardening might save_ to our own State.
The variety of soil, climate, and the general fertility of the State would enable us,
with enterprise, to save double the above
amount of money if we   will.   We can
grow potatoes, onions, beans, apples, corn
to dry and.can, pickels and small berries,
.butter and  cheese.   We complain of a
want of currency to develop the resources
of the country, and high freights and monopolies, of which we have a just right to
complain.   If we are buyers in the markets, of products that a little enterprise
might produce, it becomes us to begin at
home to remedy the hardships of which
we complain.   A farmer who has nothing/
to sell is a long way from market, and if -
he becomes a consumer; his case is more
helpless still.   That which is true of individuals is measurably true of communities,
sections and States.
J. J. W. Billingsley,
^T*.
■3^