$r
Of
Garden
VOL. LXVI
INDIANAPOLIS, MARCH 25   1911.
NO. 12
THE DAIRY IN INDIANA.
Xow Rapidly   on the   Increase.—Great
Markets    All    Around    Us.—The
Federation   of Shippers.
During the past year hundreds ol'
larmers have begun establishing good
dairy herds, and this has led many more
to express their intentions of doing so
this year and next, all of which points
to the fact that in the near future Indiana is bound to become one of the leading dairy States of the Union. As reasons for this:
Several    Important    Natural     Considerations.
1.    Splendid  soil  for  bluegrass  pas-
fully developed along dairy lines as
some other States, is that the law makers have not recognized the importance
of the industry, as has been done in
other States. For instance; the States
named above appropriate all the way
from $50,000 to $100,000 a year in different ways, to encourage the dairy inalustry. Not only that but they are
quick to take action whenever a situation arises which threatens this industry. A few years ago, in one of the
western dairy States, it was found that
the interstate rates for shipping cream,
were lower than the state rates, and as
a consequence a large volume of cream
was being shipped out of the State. The
State Board of Railroad Commissioners
promptly took action, when their atten-
running hourly by the door of the
farmer, which has caused the price of
land to reach a higher figure and this
necessitates intensified farming, if the
owner would make his land pay a reasonable rate of interest on his investment. A great many people do not
realize the proflt to be derived from
dairying, because the income is received in small drihs, whereas the other
products from the farm are usually collected and marketed so that a whole
season's labor is realized upon at one
time.
Dairying As a Mortgage Lifter.
Out West they refer to the dairy cow
as the "mortgage lifter" and it is a fact
that the dairy regions of the more west-
outlet for milk, sweet cream and butter and the price of these products has
been steadily increasing for some years.
One of the most popular markets with
the farmers is the creamery. This is
because the farmer can realize the 1-ull
vnlue of his butterfat product in the
form of cream, and have left as a byproduct the sweet skim milk, for feeding his stock. By combining dairying
with the feeding of calves and pigs, the
farmer is able to realise the most for
his product and more completely carries out the plan of building up the fertility of the soil. On account of the
low cow population in the State of Indiana, creameries have not been very
numerous. In order to be successful,
a    creamery    must    receive a    certain
Receiving Shipments of Cream at the Interurban Freight Depots, Indianapolis.
tures.
2. Abundance of pure water.
3. A   great   corn   State   for   silage.
4. Incomparable shipping facilities.
5. Great city markets at our door.
There is no State in the Union, which
offers the farmer better inducements
for engaging in the dairy business. And
}'et Indiana is largely undeveloped
along dairy lines compared with States
like New York, Wisconsin, Minnesota,
Illinois and Iowa. Iowa exports annually approximately, 100,000,000 lbs.
of creamery butter, which means that
every twelve months there goes into the
State from Eastern markets and other
outside sources, $25,000,000 to $30,000,-
°00 in cash.
I'airy Industry Not Fully Developed.
One  reason  why  Indiana  is  not as
tion was called to this condition, and
established rates for shipments of cream
inside the State, which would be lower
than rates for shipping cream to points
outside the State. This was done to
encourage the home creameries and to
keep the raw material for making butter, within the State.
Great Opportunities for Dairying.
There is every reason why the
Indiana farmer should engage in the
dairy business. Some of our soils
need replenishing in fertility, which
comes as a result from dairy farming.
The network of interurban and steam
railroads throughout the State practically brings the market to the farmer's
door. It is the same extensive system
of railroads and interurbans with cars
em States are noticeably different in appearance from the sections where no
dairying is carried on. In driving
through the dairy section, you will Me
large, prosperous farm homes, with the
fences well kept, and fine large buildings, well painted and will find that
these farmers, as a rule, have money in
the hank. In contrast to this, the non-
dnirying sections present a dilapidated
appearance with broken down fences,
or no fences at all. and unpainted buildings, and you will find as a rule, that
there is a mortgage upon the farm.
Great City Markets Near Us.
The first requisite for dairy development is a proper market for dairy
products. The large cities tributary to
the State of Indiana, offer an excellent
amount of raw material from the farmers and in a good many cases there
have been creameries established in territories where there was not sufficient
product to warrant their success. They
have struggled along for a few years
and finally failed, leaving the stock
holdes. who in many instances were the
f,irmers themselves to meet a large
deficit. During the last few years,
creameries have been established in
the larger centers of the State, where it
is possible to reecive the raw material
from lame sections and by manufacturing a large quantity of butter, the cost
< f manufacture has been reduced and
high rrices to the farmer, maintained.
The many railroads and interurbans
traversing the state, make these cream-
erics   ideal   markets   for     the   farms.