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sr or Garden VOL. LXVI INDIANAPOLIS, JAN. 21 1911. NO. 3 REFORESTING INDIANA. A thiod Way tu Start Tbis work on a Permanent Basis. An expert in the work of reforesting has just prepared copy for the Department of Agriculture at Washington, D. ('., and the department has Issued It tn bulletin form for free distribution. It la rliiclly intended as educational in reforesting, and designed for use in pub- lic schools. It is most admirably adapted to school work, as it takes up the matter in a very plain and yet complete l\4 ay, to impress the importance of tree [growing on the young and plastic mind, 5 aa ml tu give all a real taste for this Iwnrk. The title of Ihe bulletin is "For- Icst Nurseries for Schools," and while [especially adapted to this educational Iwork, is most Important to all classes bavins a desire to know lmw to grow ■trees. An abstract ot the bulletin is Sfcivcn, as follows: Tlio Preparation. To begin in the autumn by breaking, j preparing and fertilizing the ground to be ready for spring planting, storing the seeds which mature in the autumn to be kept properly until spring. Then I one or more trees to be planted by i * pupil who will care for them in * ' *>v.Cj>\Kind of Seeds to Colled. Only seeds or those trees that are suitable to climate are recommended. Tho seed of trees to be selected to be | desirable for timber, fuel, shade, fruit j and ornamentation, such as maples, ashes, elms, oaks, basswood, walnut, hickory, yellow poplar, etc., adapted lo location. Wlien to Collect the Seeds. As most tree seeds mature In the fall, they should be gathered when they ripen. As some maples and elm ripen late in the spring, tliey should be collected then aud planted at once, as they soon lose their vitality if not planted at maturity. Mow to Collect Them. They must be collected by hand picking, except such as walnuts, hickory nuts, acorns, which fall after early frosts, and may be gathered from the siound. Method* of testing their germinating power is also given la the bul- letln. This brief abstract of the bulletin will indicate tho care witli which instructions are given throughout in growing rmest trees, and Is further summarized ns follows: '• Storing the seeds in winter for spring planting. -'■ Testing before planting. *■ Preparing the seed beds for imr- •iy planting. *• Klii<l of soil an.l fertilization. ■" Size of the seed beds in the nur- ind distance apart In planting. fi- Time for planting in fall for cer- [ lain kinds, and spring for others. "• Cultivating between the rows and | weeding. »■ Watering them when there is not rain enough, as In some seasons, and I how to water. 9- Protection in winter seasons. 10 Transplanting the seedling trcaes |and time for this work. 11. How to transplant to be sure of Itheir living afterward*. IS. Pruning the roots and tops in transplanting. Thoso and many other important Items of information are given ln the bulletin, and it Is well illustrated, giving object lessons In the work of growing Inn st trees, Including tho Item of growing certain trees from cuttings instead of seed. The bulletin closes with a tabu douth were noticed. Wilh possibly a single exception in no year since records have been kept has the Mississippi River been su low at the Falls of St. Anthony as lt lias this year. Tho latter part of August rains camo that started the young grass In the dried ground and gave the pastures and meadows the young green of spring, in WILSON'S CAVK. The engraving is a winter scene at what is known as Wilson's Cave. This cave is located up peer Creek, about three miles from Delphi, Carroll Co. It lias not been as well explored, perhaps as has Mammoth Cave, but the romantic scenery about this cave makes it a resort of no little interest. James W. Riley, Indiana's poet, used to spend much time along this creek, and no doubt but he received liis Inspirations for that well known poem, "On the banks of Deer Creek" from these visits to this cave and along Its banks. The cave lies at the base of a steep bluff along the creek. Tlio opening is nearly on a level with tho creek. Formerly the opening was large enough for one to enter readily, but of late entrance Is made in a creeping posture, it was said in early years that persons went back in the cave several hundred feet, but no one now cares to try it (afraid of snakes, maybe). Its chief feature is the fine scenery and great beauty of the surroundings. Iar statement giving species of trees to ' plant, montha for collecting and storing seeds, per eent that usually germinates, I when to plant each species, depth to | plant each kind, spacing In rows, and the usual height of ono year old trees frum seeds. This bulletin if carefully studied will ilu more to help reforest Indiana than any help yet published, If It is brought te die attention ol school pupils in a tnatic way, for young people, as a rule, take delight In this work, and In | nature studies. There Is much reason why the home, i as wen aS schools, should take up this i delightful study and work of growing j trees. A small plat In the garden will j afford ample room for It, and those who go at It at once will find sale for their j young trees, for reforesting Indiana will rapidly Increase, for the next decade or two. It Is in the public thought, be- a cause it has become public economy. necessary in our IN THE NORTHWEOT. Mr. Amos W. Butler, Secretary of our State Board of Charities, has sent us ■One notes of a trip he made early last fall thru the North Western States. We; clip from them as follows: Since my last note I have been farth- ; er north—as far as St. Cloud, Minn. Wherever I went the effects of the long j strange contrast with tills was the evidence of fall at the same time. The fall flowers were in bloom. The birds were flocking, Indicating the end of their summer labors. The night hawks ami robins were forming in little companies August 26 as they do here the latter part of September. It was a surprise to sec the farmers cutting (odd* r ami making ensilage of corn planted long after ours which will not be ready to cut for three weeks. The short, warm summer of these higher latitudes and the early varieties of corn planted enable thein to do this. In Minnesota they have the slate system of care for the Insane as we do. The result is, like lt Is ln Indiana, the Insane are not all cared for by the state. They have as we have. Insane In poor asylums, jails and In private families. There they have two kinds of state Institutions for the insane. State hospitals for the acute and State Asylums for the chronic cases. We visited the asylum at Hastings and found It under Superintendent Tanz whose parents came from Olbson County, Indiana, lt Is situated on the bluffs overlooking the Mississippi River. The Superintendent takes a great Interest in this Asylum. From the fact he has been ln the service here for years and has been promoted It Is evident his services are appreciated. Here there are extensive gardens and uu -hards. The latter are barren of fruit as are those throughout both Minnesota! and Wisconsin. The freeze of June 5 last ih struyeil a line prospect for a crop of winter apples. They have a line daiiiy lu re ai.al the silos were being lllled. At .Stillwater is the State Prison, a ooleetlon of old buildings crowded Into a ravlno within the town. Its population Is 700, 10 of whom are women whu aro kept In a ■operate part of the prison. Prisoners an , inpluyed In part lu tlu' manufacture of shoes under timet and in making hinder twine and laiini man-hiiicr.4 State ueeounls. In two m.ne yean trheu th* contra* ta b expired contract labor win i»o abolished in Minie In L$|l when tin- price of binder twine iiii hlKb under the management i.i llenry Walfer, the elllcient warden, tin- Stale prison of Minnesota began to make binder twine to be sold at a rea- ■onable price te tbe farmers, other Statea have followed hut it was the lirst. So successful has this experiment been that last year they made 17,500,000 pounds of twine. The receipts from the twine plant average $1,500,000 annually. The profits from lt last year were JH3.279.89. The prison is self-supporting. It is believed by careful observers that the farmers of Minnesota have been benefited to the extent of three cents per pound, making an economic saving to them since 1891 of $4,158,750. To which should be added the profits of $1,590,981.96 making a grand total of gain to tho farmers and to the Btate combined of $5,749,731.96. Tho Minnesota Reformatory al St. Cloud has 345 young men who are ser\ - ing Indeterminate .-• building ■ na W prison of granite which they quarry from a part of their 1,000 acre farm. In dniiig this they are learning a good trade. Not only the walls and celi houses are of granite but also the stables, root cellars and silos. This is their eheapest building material. They have ditched and drained the low lands and are making a line farm. Orcharda. vines and berries bave been planted and extensive tracts of stony ground made Into fertile gardens. A beginning baa ii. i ii made In planting a model forest tract Experiments are In ing made In growing alfalfa, hardy cherries and a new hanly. prolific grape. They have a fine herd of Holsteins which supply tin- milk fur the Reformatory. Ry testing theae cows they have weeded out Iho unprofitable ones. Formerly they had 62 cows, now they get the same quantity of milk from 40. Eventually they claim they expect to get from 31 the same total yiehl they formerly did from 62. Another thing they do that Is of interest. The State Highway Commission has arranged for 200 cars of crushed stone a year for the public highways. The Reformatory furnishes this free and the railroads have agreed to haul It free. They do not believe ln Minnesota ln employing prisoners upon the public highways but think they may be employed to some extent In making road material. The benefit reported to be derived by farmers from their co-operative socle- ties in continental countries, especially Denmark, has stimulated the formation of like societies In the United States.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1911, v. 66, no. 03 (Jan. 21) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA6603 |
Date of Original | 1911 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-04-12 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript |
sr
or
Garden
VOL. LXVI
INDIANAPOLIS, JAN. 21 1911.
NO. 3
REFORESTING INDIANA.
A thiod Way tu Start Tbis work on a
Permanent Basis.
An expert in the work of reforesting
has just prepared copy for the Department of Agriculture at Washington, D.
('., and the department has Issued It tn
bulletin form for free distribution. It
la rliiclly intended as educational in reforesting, and designed for use in pub-
lic schools. It is most admirably adapted to school work, as it takes up the
matter in a very plain and yet complete
l\4 ay, to impress the importance of tree
[growing on the young and plastic mind,
5 aa ml tu give all a real taste for this
Iwnrk. The title of Ihe bulletin is "For-
Icst Nurseries for Schools," and while
[especially adapted to this educational
Iwork, is most Important to all classes
bavins a desire to know lmw to grow
■trees. An abstract ot the bulletin is
Sfcivcn, as follows:
Tlio Preparation.
To begin in the autumn by breaking,
j preparing and fertilizing the ground to
be ready for spring planting, storing
the seeds which mature in the autumn
to be kept properly until spring. Then
I one or more trees to be planted by
i * pupil who will care for them in
*
' *>v.Cj>\Kind of Seeds to Colled.
Only seeds or those trees that are
suitable to climate are recommended.
Tho seed of trees to be selected to be
| desirable for timber, fuel, shade, fruit
j and ornamentation, such as maples,
ashes, elms, oaks, basswood, walnut,
hickory, yellow poplar, etc., adapted
lo location.
Wlien to Collect the Seeds.
As most tree seeds mature In the fall,
they should be gathered when they
ripen. As some maples and elm ripen
late in the spring, tliey should be collected then aud planted at once, as they
soon lose their vitality if not planted
at maturity.
Mow to Collect Them.
They must be collected by hand picking, except such as walnuts, hickory
nuts, acorns, which fall after early
frosts, and may be gathered from the
siound. Method* of testing their germinating power is also given la the bul-
letln.
This brief abstract of the bulletin will
indicate tho care witli which instructions are given throughout in growing
rmest trees, and Is further summarized
ns follows:
'• Storing the seeds in winter for
spring planting.
-'■ Testing before planting.
*■ Preparing the seed beds for imr-
•iy planting.
*• Klii |
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