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VOL LXV INDIANAPOLIS, APRIL 30, 1910. NO. 18 IMPROVING THE ROADS. Editors Indiana Parmer: We do not believe Indiana at present ia ready for some of the advanced ideas of costly road building because there is such a vast number of miles of roads that have scarcely any improvement at all. Hence we believe in giving every community a chance to improve their own highways. Our present method of working roads deserves more credit than some are willing to give the system. Our supervisor's system is commendable but some men elected are not suitable to fill the place. We believe in every township and county that there should be a meeting held by said supervisors for the purpose of gathering information, listening to lectures on road improvements, the management of labor and other matters could be suggested. The writer believes our trustees could well afford to allow a day's wages for each supervisor attending and deduct one day's wages from those not attending. "In union there is strength." The building of roads requires labor. Every community where there is a road that needs to be Improved by grading and graveling, or stone; hard, flinty, crushed limestone is our preference. We all understand at present each township is divided into road districts; we would have all materials used in building roads paid for out of a general fund, limiting the number of miles of new road built in each district each year. Persons desiring to improve certain highways upon petition to said trustee and advisory board guaranteeing the delivery of gravel, or stone free of charge to the tax payers, then said board shall order said petitioners to proceed with construction of said road. Under the above plan we believe that within Ave years every mile of road of worth In Indiana will either be gravel or stone, and once complete our present plan of levying road tax and hauling same will keep them in a good state of preservation. Just one word here. Why allow 3T>_ cents per hour for man and team when one is willing to work at 25 cents on the road in which they are directly Interested. Each section of 640 acres would only have two miles of road to repair. 640 acres of land, improvements and personal property located thereon will give at our present valuation approximately $31,- 000 and our present road tax levy would equal $660, making $330 per mile for repair of said road. New Market, Ind. Milbert Sayler. see an innocent-looking white butterfly sailing about—that is one individual out of the flying squadrons that are to bring on the war. In this month the insects are just preparing to wake up from their winter nap; we will find plenty of larvae in the ground, perhaps snuggled up at the very roots of the plant they mean to attack when the time comes. Just now a shining, motionless, brown chrysalis looks very harmless; we cover it up when we have laid lt bare, and we say "let the poor thing sleep;" but the poor thing will wake up and probably destroy one of INSECT ENEMIES. Editors Indiana Fanner: When March winds begin to shake out the leaf buds and the seeds in the ground begin to stir with strong life, we are led to think of the host of enemies which await the coming of the plants. There is a war on; animal fighting the vegetable, and the animal would conquer. If the animal world were only at peace with Itself. But this 'luarrel among its enemies brings some aid and comfort to the plant world. When we are at work cleaning up around the shrubbery or digging around the roots of the herbaceous perennials, we come across the advance guard of this hord. In the sunshine of some unusually flne March day we down. Just now these flies are wrapped up in snug cases in the ground, so well hidden that we cannot find one of them. In May, as they swing about in the air, they seem to grow weary and dart down upon the bushes; but the saw- fly is just laying her eggs and swarms of currant-worms will come forth to strip the bushes of every leaf, unless the legions of worms can be killed by poisonous sprayings. The chinch bug, the squash bug, the Colorado beetle, the grasshopper, and the tent-caterpillars are now, in March, having the flnal "beauty sleep" of their Farm Home of Robert S heron. Grant County. our most cherished plants. Our house plants, kept warm and moist, nourish their enemies into at. early growth, and we see some of bur favorites growing yellow and hanging their heads. If we have good eyes or a strong lense we shall soon see what is the trouble; here are detachments of "red spider," not so big as the head of the tiniest pin, but with a great appetite for leaves, which he soon kills notwithstanding his tiny dimensions. The red spider does not believe in immersion, and daily plunges or spraying with wate.' that reaches the under side of the leaves will soon put him to rout. On another plant an jlng colony of aphis has settled do ^ i. very wonderful little bug is £ aphis, about which learned article £» even books, have been written. tgia*" .ks a helpless mite, not much big §_•_ han a poppy seed, and dressed a=" ' ,Teen like tue m leaves it lives on. c* -ss we can get rid of the aphis w £^ 1 soon lose our plants. Our besi "5--y here will un another of the insect army, a beautiful, friendlylittle creature that never harms man and his plant partners and providers. This is the lady beetle or lady bug, as it is more commonly called, a dainty creature, dressed in red, black dotted, or in orange or black with red dots. In early May, out of doors, that delicate white butterfly, drifting up and down on the breeze, fair as the soul of a flower, will lay an egg out of which will crawl the cabbage-worm, terror of gardeners. Over the gooseberry and currant bushes a host of simple, transparent-winged flies will sail up ana winter rest. But right along with these insect enemies, among the roots and under the bark of the plants, hidden in cozy nests, in axils of buds and stem3, swinging in woven cradles on twigs, or the under side of dry leaves, are the deserters from the ranks of insect enemies; the revolting squadrons that will fire upon the battalions of their own armies. Here are the cradles oi the big tiger-beetle, enemy of all spiders, the larvae and pupa of the black ground beetles, harmless, helpful creatures. .Wheel-bugs and soldier-bugs which, when they waken, will do so much to keep the chinch-bug in subjection. All these ar.d many more come to the aid of man in his efforts to save his crops. By the time our crocus blooms push above the brown mold, and the hyacinths and tulips send up points of green, while the peony sends up crimpled leaves, red as rubies in tho sunshine, the greatest of all the farmer's allies and the defenders of plant life have come to offer their services— the birds. Mrs. M. E. S. Charles. Editors Indiana Farmer: Will you please be so kind as to answer these questions, and will be ever so much obliged? What is the law concerning a girl marrying against the consent of her parents after she is eighteen years of age? Does a girl become her own boss at eighteen? A Subscriber. Answer: A girl is her own boss at 18, but it is much the best for her to have a fair understanding with her parents as to the marriage. LOST, TO THE FARMERS, NEARLY $«()0,000,000 A YFAB. That there are yearly losses to the farm products of the country chargeable to insect pests aggregating just $595,100,000; and that these losses are due, directly, to the alarming decrease of birds, which kill the insects, are the statements made by Reginald Wright Kauffman, who has undertaken a serious and exhaustive study of bird extermination and its causes, in the current number of Hampton's Magazine. Of interest to everybody who suffers from an advanced cost on producing crops due to devastation by insects— this article is of special importance to farmers. For it tells the farmers just where they are losing an amount of money exceeding tho annual expenditures of the national government—and lt tells them just why. The farmers of the country have suffered losses, due to the Increasing hordes of destructive pests. In the face of these armies of insects, worms and scales, the farmer often stood helpless; unable to cope with them. He saw his corn, hay .tobacco, fruit and truck crops perish. Year by year, unknown to him, the birds—the only effective battling legion against these pests—have been decreasing! They were wantonly slain to satisfy the demands of woman's vanity. Because of this slaughter of birds the losses to the farmers have reached the present appalling figures. Government statisticians now estimate that there is a yearly loss of $200,000,000 on the country's cereal crop, including wheat, rye, barley, etc.,; of $53,000,000 on hay, of $53,000,000 on truck crops; of $27,- 000,000 on fruits, and of $175,000,000 on animal products, and, including other farm products, an aggregate of nearly $600,000,000 which might be added to the farmers' bankrolls—if the birds were properly protected. An even more amazing fact is brought out by Mr. Kauffman—that this slaughter of birds is un unnecessary, brutal and costly tribute to the vanity of women. Most of these birds are killed to trim hats. Entire species of birds have been exterminated. Species of Insects were consequently enabled to increase until, for example, one of many hundreds—the Hessian fly —now demands a yearly tribute of $20,000,000 worth of grain. What can be done? That It is time for the farmers to take action, to demand legislation, which shall protect the birds and save our crops Mr. Kauffman conclusively shows. In pursuing Its policy dealing adequately with subjects of vital interest to the welfare of the people of this county, Hampton's has succeeded in treating one of momentous importance to the farmers. Every man interested in agriculture should read Mr. Kauffman's article. It will not only enlighten him as to an evil of which he has probably been oblivious, but it will inspire him to action. Mr. James J. Hoss. of Kokomo, who died in March, had taken the Farmer more than thi ty years, and was nearly 77 years old when he died. He was enterprising and public spirited, and in former years often expressed his views on matters of interest to farmers thru our columns.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1910, v. 65, no. 18 (Apr. 30) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA6518 |
Date of Original | 1910 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-04-08 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | VOL LXV INDIANAPOLIS, APRIL 30, 1910. NO. 18 IMPROVING THE ROADS. Editors Indiana Parmer: We do not believe Indiana at present ia ready for some of the advanced ideas of costly road building because there is such a vast number of miles of roads that have scarcely any improvement at all. Hence we believe in giving every community a chance to improve their own highways. Our present method of working roads deserves more credit than some are willing to give the system. Our supervisor's system is commendable but some men elected are not suitable to fill the place. We believe in every township and county that there should be a meeting held by said supervisors for the purpose of gathering information, listening to lectures on road improvements, the management of labor and other matters could be suggested. The writer believes our trustees could well afford to allow a day's wages for each supervisor attending and deduct one day's wages from those not attending. "In union there is strength." The building of roads requires labor. Every community where there is a road that needs to be Improved by grading and graveling, or stone; hard, flinty, crushed limestone is our preference. We all understand at present each township is divided into road districts; we would have all materials used in building roads paid for out of a general fund, limiting the number of miles of new road built in each district each year. Persons desiring to improve certain highways upon petition to said trustee and advisory board guaranteeing the delivery of gravel, or stone free of charge to the tax payers, then said board shall order said petitioners to proceed with construction of said road. Under the above plan we believe that within Ave years every mile of road of worth In Indiana will either be gravel or stone, and once complete our present plan of levying road tax and hauling same will keep them in a good state of preservation. Just one word here. Why allow 3T>_ cents per hour for man and team when one is willing to work at 25 cents on the road in which they are directly Interested. Each section of 640 acres would only have two miles of road to repair. 640 acres of land, improvements and personal property located thereon will give at our present valuation approximately $31,- 000 and our present road tax levy would equal $660, making $330 per mile for repair of said road. New Market, Ind. Milbert Sayler. see an innocent-looking white butterfly sailing about—that is one individual out of the flying squadrons that are to bring on the war. In this month the insects are just preparing to wake up from their winter nap; we will find plenty of larvae in the ground, perhaps snuggled up at the very roots of the plant they mean to attack when the time comes. Just now a shining, motionless, brown chrysalis looks very harmless; we cover it up when we have laid lt bare, and we say "let the poor thing sleep;" but the poor thing will wake up and probably destroy one of INSECT ENEMIES. Editors Indiana Fanner: When March winds begin to shake out the leaf buds and the seeds in the ground begin to stir with strong life, we are led to think of the host of enemies which await the coming of the plants. There is a war on; animal fighting the vegetable, and the animal would conquer. If the animal world were only at peace with Itself. But this 'luarrel among its enemies brings some aid and comfort to the plant world. When we are at work cleaning up around the shrubbery or digging around the roots of the herbaceous perennials, we come across the advance guard of this hord. In the sunshine of some unusually flne March day we down. Just now these flies are wrapped up in snug cases in the ground, so well hidden that we cannot find one of them. In May, as they swing about in the air, they seem to grow weary and dart down upon the bushes; but the saw- fly is just laying her eggs and swarms of currant-worms will come forth to strip the bushes of every leaf, unless the legions of worms can be killed by poisonous sprayings. The chinch bug, the squash bug, the Colorado beetle, the grasshopper, and the tent-caterpillars are now, in March, having the flnal "beauty sleep" of their Farm Home of Robert S heron. Grant County. our most cherished plants. Our house plants, kept warm and moist, nourish their enemies into at. early growth, and we see some of bur favorites growing yellow and hanging their heads. If we have good eyes or a strong lense we shall soon see what is the trouble; here are detachments of "red spider," not so big as the head of the tiniest pin, but with a great appetite for leaves, which he soon kills notwithstanding his tiny dimensions. The red spider does not believe in immersion, and daily plunges or spraying with wate.' that reaches the under side of the leaves will soon put him to rout. On another plant an jlng colony of aphis has settled do ^ i. very wonderful little bug is £ aphis, about which learned article £» even books, have been written. tgia*" .ks a helpless mite, not much big §_•_ han a poppy seed, and dressed a=" ' ,Teen like tue m leaves it lives on. c* -ss we can get rid of the aphis w £^ 1 soon lose our plants. Our besi "5--y here will un another of the insect army, a beautiful, friendlylittle creature that never harms man and his plant partners and providers. This is the lady beetle or lady bug, as it is more commonly called, a dainty creature, dressed in red, black dotted, or in orange or black with red dots. In early May, out of doors, that delicate white butterfly, drifting up and down on the breeze, fair as the soul of a flower, will lay an egg out of which will crawl the cabbage-worm, terror of gardeners. Over the gooseberry and currant bushes a host of simple, transparent-winged flies will sail up ana winter rest. But right along with these insect enemies, among the roots and under the bark of the plants, hidden in cozy nests, in axils of buds and stem3, swinging in woven cradles on twigs, or the under side of dry leaves, are the deserters from the ranks of insect enemies; the revolting squadrons that will fire upon the battalions of their own armies. Here are the cradles oi the big tiger-beetle, enemy of all spiders, the larvae and pupa of the black ground beetles, harmless, helpful creatures. .Wheel-bugs and soldier-bugs which, when they waken, will do so much to keep the chinch-bug in subjection. All these ar.d many more come to the aid of man in his efforts to save his crops. By the time our crocus blooms push above the brown mold, and the hyacinths and tulips send up points of green, while the peony sends up crimpled leaves, red as rubies in tho sunshine, the greatest of all the farmer's allies and the defenders of plant life have come to offer their services— the birds. Mrs. M. E. S. Charles. Editors Indiana Farmer: Will you please be so kind as to answer these questions, and will be ever so much obliged? What is the law concerning a girl marrying against the consent of her parents after she is eighteen years of age? Does a girl become her own boss at eighteen? A Subscriber. Answer: A girl is her own boss at 18, but it is much the best for her to have a fair understanding with her parents as to the marriage. LOST, TO THE FARMERS, NEARLY $«()0,000,000 A YFAB. That there are yearly losses to the farm products of the country chargeable to insect pests aggregating just $595,100,000; and that these losses are due, directly, to the alarming decrease of birds, which kill the insects, are the statements made by Reginald Wright Kauffman, who has undertaken a serious and exhaustive study of bird extermination and its causes, in the current number of Hampton's Magazine. Of interest to everybody who suffers from an advanced cost on producing crops due to devastation by insects— this article is of special importance to farmers. For it tells the farmers just where they are losing an amount of money exceeding tho annual expenditures of the national government—and lt tells them just why. The farmers of the country have suffered losses, due to the Increasing hordes of destructive pests. In the face of these armies of insects, worms and scales, the farmer often stood helpless; unable to cope with them. He saw his corn, hay .tobacco, fruit and truck crops perish. Year by year, unknown to him, the birds—the only effective battling legion against these pests—have been decreasing! They were wantonly slain to satisfy the demands of woman's vanity. Because of this slaughter of birds the losses to the farmers have reached the present appalling figures. Government statisticians now estimate that there is a yearly loss of $200,000,000 on the country's cereal crop, including wheat, rye, barley, etc.,; of $53,000,000 on hay, of $53,000,000 on truck crops; of $27,- 000,000 on fruits, and of $175,000,000 on animal products, and, including other farm products, an aggregate of nearly $600,000,000 which might be added to the farmers' bankrolls—if the birds were properly protected. An even more amazing fact is brought out by Mr. Kauffman—that this slaughter of birds is un unnecessary, brutal and costly tribute to the vanity of women. Most of these birds are killed to trim hats. Entire species of birds have been exterminated. Species of Insects were consequently enabled to increase until, for example, one of many hundreds—the Hessian fly —now demands a yearly tribute of $20,000,000 worth of grain. What can be done? That It is time for the farmers to take action, to demand legislation, which shall protect the birds and save our crops Mr. Kauffman conclusively shows. In pursuing Its policy dealing adequately with subjects of vital interest to the welfare of the people of this county, Hampton's has succeeded in treating one of momentous importance to the farmers. Every man interested in agriculture should read Mr. Kauffman's article. It will not only enlighten him as to an evil of which he has probably been oblivious, but it will inspire him to action. Mr. James J. Hoss. of Kokomo, who died in March, had taken the Farmer more than thi ty years, and was nearly 77 years old when he died. He was enterprising and public spirited, and in former years often expressed his views on matters of interest to farmers thru our columns. |
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