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VOL. LXIV INDIANAPOLIS, SEPTEMBER 25, 1909. NO. 38 _xpexiznoi Qzpixvtmmt. THE QUALITY OF COWS. Select the Cow for a Purpose. lst Premium.—A difference of opinion is held by dairymen as to the cow best suited for dairy purposes. Some claim that the dual purpose cow with good milking qualities .regardless of breed, is best suited while others hold views that cows of distinct types with good flow of milk should constitute the dairy. Different localities and under some circumstances may favor the one idea while at other points the reverse will hold true. To the dairyman who has in view the selling of milk, cream and butter, and paying no regard to beef or calves the herd should be of one type, be that breed what it may. But to the farm dairyman where this course is not pursued the dual purpose cow gives satisfaction and along with the dairy products go the profits derived from the calf when of no further use in the dairy the beef. Be the herd what it may the query is "what is the quality of the cow." On this point all nurserymen agree. Three conditions are agreed upon, lst the amount of milk she will give. 2nd richness of the milk. 3rd, the cost to keep the cow per yaer. For strictly money making purposes quantity would be held above quality hut where one wishes to retain well pleased customers quality must be considered. To enable a cow to fill both these requirements she must be a good feeder nnd forager. Along with quality and quantity must be a continuity of milk How for a moderately long time. The ideal dairy cow should give a flow—not absolutely the entire year but so near it that the time of rest would not prove ii source of loss to the owner. The general appearance of a cow will give the observer a good idea of her value as a milker. She should be symmetrical in form, not over fleshy. Head and neck should be medium in size with neck veins large. Body should not be overly long ancf should have sufficient breadth and depth l,i give good room for an active diges- tivesystem. It is a fact that cows having l(|ng slim bodies are poor feeders and as a result poor milkers. The legs should be short allowing greater freedom in feeding and grazing. .She should have well developed hind 'Uiarters and a fair sized udder. The mliler by its action carries or transfers from the blood all the elements constituting the milk except the water and a careful study of it will show the milk- lr>g value of the cow. Perhaps the most Important test of th.' value of the cow ils a milker is found in the escutcheon "r milk mirror. rhe escutcheon is much related to the >'ilder, inasmuch as the arteries supply- 'nK the udder with blood at the same time nourish and feed the skin of the ^scutcheon, thus showing that it is a actor in furnishing the udder with '■lood. readth of the escutcheon over the '"sterior parts indicates good milking "alities, both in length of time and a ""tinuous steady flow. II. Some Good Dairy Breed. 2d Premium.—In selecting cows for our dairy herds we should choose a cow of some good dairy breed, and as near the full bred stock as we can find. We prefer the Jersey cattle for dairy purposes, and of this breed we select the cows with the best points for a good cow, they are mainly, a good disposition. Beware of a nervous cow for she will not give her milk down if the least disturbed from any cause and she is therefore not profitable, a good milker or rather a quick milker, I have known cows to be seemingly easy to milk but they let their milk down slow- Tlie Cow Should Earn Her Feed. 3rd Premium.—-One of the most important items in the make-up of a good dairy cow is her capacity to earn her feed. I have had some experience in the matter and at one time turned four or five fairly good looking cows off to the butcher before I found one that would pay her board. In fact that is the whole story in many cases and that depends as much many times on the dairyman as the cow, for I think the dairyman who does not understand "cowology" can ruin the best cow in the state by one year's mistreatment. If I was sent out to buy you a. cow and was A REMINDER OF WINTER. No. 707, Oct. 9.—How much is gain- ed by shredding the corn stover? No. 708, Oct. 16.—Describe the proper winter care of poultry. Farm Home of James Cox, Henry County. ly and it took twice as long to milk them as other cows and time is money in dairying as in other work. Never select a cow that is always in good flesh, for she puts her fat on her back instead of in butter. The best way to build up the herd is to choose the most profitable of your dairy cows and breed them to valuable sires of the same breed, then keep the heifers to raise for dairy cows, feeding them the feed to produce bone and muscle rather than fattening feed. If you would rather buy heifers that are nearly due to calve and thereby get a good herd quicker than raising calves some good points to remember are, the neck should be clean cut, the forehead dishing, the eyes mild looking, the nostrils large. The body should be of fair size with a good under curve, the back bones should stick up and the part just back of the shoulder blades should be thin, the hips wide apart and a good space between hips and first rib, the udder should be large and well formed with four teats of good size uniformly placed, so that the cow may be milked with both hands with convenience. Be sure the cows are not breachy; a rough is poor profit no matter how much milk she gives, or butter she makes. After selecting a cow to the best of your knowledge for a good dairy cow, see that she has the shelter and protection from flies in summer that a oow should have, also the quality and quantity of feed needed to produce milk; pure water and plenty of it will make considerable more milk than most people think for. Subscriber. only permitted to know one thing in regard to her I would want to know that she had an appetite for everything a cow will eat, for I have never owned a good milker that was not a good eater; but I would not want her to be over fat. She should have a good sized udder hanging straight down with four good sized teats, also straight down. Easy to milk but not so easy as to lose her milk. A little nervous but gentle to good treatment. Not masculine at any point, nor vicious to other cattle or stock of any kind. Should give a reasonable amount of milk say an average of two gallons per day of 4 per cent fat for ten months out of the year, with ordinary treatment of the average farmer. She need not be large any where except in girth right in front of her udder. Hair fine, skin thin and silky under the touch. If you should find a cow that filled your eye as to what a cow should be you would have to own and milk her a year before you would know whether she was a good one or not, for many cows of promise go dry three or four months out of the year. The cream should separate easily by gravity or otherwise and churn at proper ripening and temperature in fifteen minutes and the butter be of good (not too yellow) color. If you happen to have such a cow as I am talking about don't take less than a hundred dollars for her. J. G. H. No. 706, Oct. 2.—Give the proper fall and winter treatment of the brood sow. Harvesting the Big Canadian Wheat Crop. Editors Indiana Farmer: Rosthern, Sask., August 28.—Harvesting the one hundred and thirty million bushels of wheat in Western Canada is not without its dramatic and humorous sides. One of the incidents is graphically described this week, by the Manitoba Free Press in this way: "A procession of ten passenger trains, each of them from 18 to 20 coaches in length, pulled out from the vicinity of Montreal and Toronto last Thursday and filed at top speed around the great curve of Lake Superior on the C. P. R., headed for the West, laden with a cosmopolitan mixture of 6,000 harvest hands, jumbled together as indiscriminately as one would shuffle a poker deck, they arrived in Winnipeg between Saturday at noon and Sunday at noon. People in the vicinity of the depot knew that they arrived, that is, those who have not been deaf since infancy, for the advent of every unshaven and begrimed battalion was announced by a wild cheer that emanated from the flrst coaches and spread into a deafening roar as the train pulled into the trainshed and the following coaches took up the cry of pent up relief and gladness. It was more like the arrival of a crowd of holiday spirits given a respite from work for a day, than one expectant of many a hard day's work in the harvest field." This letter is written from one of the older settled districts of Sunny Central Saskatchewan, which has long been known as "the wheat town." Eight elevators are lined up at the station, waiting for this year's crop. The elevator capacity at this point is 270,- 000 bushels and at one time, before additional railways entered the district, over one million bushels of hard wheat were shipped from this station in a year, winning for Rosthern the- belt for being the largest primary wheat market in the world. In those days Rosthern shipped 1,200,000 bushels, while now she ships 900,000. Additional railways West have cut off the territory of this market.. A drive through the district is a revelation. Field after field full of binders make it appear all one farm of hundreds of thousands of acres, most of it thirty bushels to the acre, except where careless farming has allowed weeds to grow. The damage from hail was almost infinitesimal, and no damage whatever from any other cause has occurred. This year's wheat should bring over one dollar per bushel the present value at the station being $1.03. This garden spot extends Northwestward for a distance of upwards of one hundred miles. Lawrence Gait. The fight for county option is on in Knox county; the vote will be taken on Thursday, the 30th. From the way the friends of temperance are working we predict their success. Four recent murders, all caused by drink, have aroused the people to the necessity j of shutting up the dens where drunk- | arils and criminals are made.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1909, v. 64, no. 38 (Sept. 25) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA6438 |
Date of Original | 1909 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-03-23 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | VOL. LXIV INDIANAPOLIS, SEPTEMBER 25, 1909. NO. 38 _xpexiznoi Qzpixvtmmt. THE QUALITY OF COWS. Select the Cow for a Purpose. lst Premium.—A difference of opinion is held by dairymen as to the cow best suited for dairy purposes. Some claim that the dual purpose cow with good milking qualities .regardless of breed, is best suited while others hold views that cows of distinct types with good flow of milk should constitute the dairy. Different localities and under some circumstances may favor the one idea while at other points the reverse will hold true. To the dairyman who has in view the selling of milk, cream and butter, and paying no regard to beef or calves the herd should be of one type, be that breed what it may. But to the farm dairyman where this course is not pursued the dual purpose cow gives satisfaction and along with the dairy products go the profits derived from the calf when of no further use in the dairy the beef. Be the herd what it may the query is "what is the quality of the cow." On this point all nurserymen agree. Three conditions are agreed upon, lst the amount of milk she will give. 2nd richness of the milk. 3rd, the cost to keep the cow per yaer. For strictly money making purposes quantity would be held above quality hut where one wishes to retain well pleased customers quality must be considered. To enable a cow to fill both these requirements she must be a good feeder nnd forager. Along with quality and quantity must be a continuity of milk How for a moderately long time. The ideal dairy cow should give a flow—not absolutely the entire year but so near it that the time of rest would not prove ii source of loss to the owner. The general appearance of a cow will give the observer a good idea of her value as a milker. She should be symmetrical in form, not over fleshy. Head and neck should be medium in size with neck veins large. Body should not be overly long ancf should have sufficient breadth and depth l,i give good room for an active diges- tivesystem. It is a fact that cows having l(|ng slim bodies are poor feeders and as a result poor milkers. The legs should be short allowing greater freedom in feeding and grazing. .She should have well developed hind 'Uiarters and a fair sized udder. The mliler by its action carries or transfers from the blood all the elements constituting the milk except the water and a careful study of it will show the milk- lr>g value of the cow. Perhaps the most Important test of th.' value of the cow ils a milker is found in the escutcheon "r milk mirror. rhe escutcheon is much related to the >'ilder, inasmuch as the arteries supply- 'nK the udder with blood at the same time nourish and feed the skin of the ^scutcheon, thus showing that it is a actor in furnishing the udder with '■lood. readth of the escutcheon over the '"sterior parts indicates good milking "alities, both in length of time and a ""tinuous steady flow. II. Some Good Dairy Breed. 2d Premium.—In selecting cows for our dairy herds we should choose a cow of some good dairy breed, and as near the full bred stock as we can find. We prefer the Jersey cattle for dairy purposes, and of this breed we select the cows with the best points for a good cow, they are mainly, a good disposition. Beware of a nervous cow for she will not give her milk down if the least disturbed from any cause and she is therefore not profitable, a good milker or rather a quick milker, I have known cows to be seemingly easy to milk but they let their milk down slow- Tlie Cow Should Earn Her Feed. 3rd Premium.—-One of the most important items in the make-up of a good dairy cow is her capacity to earn her feed. I have had some experience in the matter and at one time turned four or five fairly good looking cows off to the butcher before I found one that would pay her board. In fact that is the whole story in many cases and that depends as much many times on the dairyman as the cow, for I think the dairyman who does not understand "cowology" can ruin the best cow in the state by one year's mistreatment. If I was sent out to buy you a. cow and was A REMINDER OF WINTER. No. 707, Oct. 9.—How much is gain- ed by shredding the corn stover? No. 708, Oct. 16.—Describe the proper winter care of poultry. Farm Home of James Cox, Henry County. ly and it took twice as long to milk them as other cows and time is money in dairying as in other work. Never select a cow that is always in good flesh, for she puts her fat on her back instead of in butter. The best way to build up the herd is to choose the most profitable of your dairy cows and breed them to valuable sires of the same breed, then keep the heifers to raise for dairy cows, feeding them the feed to produce bone and muscle rather than fattening feed. If you would rather buy heifers that are nearly due to calve and thereby get a good herd quicker than raising calves some good points to remember are, the neck should be clean cut, the forehead dishing, the eyes mild looking, the nostrils large. The body should be of fair size with a good under curve, the back bones should stick up and the part just back of the shoulder blades should be thin, the hips wide apart and a good space between hips and first rib, the udder should be large and well formed with four teats of good size uniformly placed, so that the cow may be milked with both hands with convenience. Be sure the cows are not breachy; a rough is poor profit no matter how much milk she gives, or butter she makes. After selecting a cow to the best of your knowledge for a good dairy cow, see that she has the shelter and protection from flies in summer that a oow should have, also the quality and quantity of feed needed to produce milk; pure water and plenty of it will make considerable more milk than most people think for. Subscriber. only permitted to know one thing in regard to her I would want to know that she had an appetite for everything a cow will eat, for I have never owned a good milker that was not a good eater; but I would not want her to be over fat. She should have a good sized udder hanging straight down with four good sized teats, also straight down. Easy to milk but not so easy as to lose her milk. A little nervous but gentle to good treatment. Not masculine at any point, nor vicious to other cattle or stock of any kind. Should give a reasonable amount of milk say an average of two gallons per day of 4 per cent fat for ten months out of the year, with ordinary treatment of the average farmer. She need not be large any where except in girth right in front of her udder. Hair fine, skin thin and silky under the touch. If you should find a cow that filled your eye as to what a cow should be you would have to own and milk her a year before you would know whether she was a good one or not, for many cows of promise go dry three or four months out of the year. The cream should separate easily by gravity or otherwise and churn at proper ripening and temperature in fifteen minutes and the butter be of good (not too yellow) color. If you happen to have such a cow as I am talking about don't take less than a hundred dollars for her. J. G. H. No. 706, Oct. 2.—Give the proper fall and winter treatment of the brood sow. Harvesting the Big Canadian Wheat Crop. Editors Indiana Farmer: Rosthern, Sask., August 28.—Harvesting the one hundred and thirty million bushels of wheat in Western Canada is not without its dramatic and humorous sides. One of the incidents is graphically described this week, by the Manitoba Free Press in this way: "A procession of ten passenger trains, each of them from 18 to 20 coaches in length, pulled out from the vicinity of Montreal and Toronto last Thursday and filed at top speed around the great curve of Lake Superior on the C. P. R., headed for the West, laden with a cosmopolitan mixture of 6,000 harvest hands, jumbled together as indiscriminately as one would shuffle a poker deck, they arrived in Winnipeg between Saturday at noon and Sunday at noon. People in the vicinity of the depot knew that they arrived, that is, those who have not been deaf since infancy, for the advent of every unshaven and begrimed battalion was announced by a wild cheer that emanated from the flrst coaches and spread into a deafening roar as the train pulled into the trainshed and the following coaches took up the cry of pent up relief and gladness. It was more like the arrival of a crowd of holiday spirits given a respite from work for a day, than one expectant of many a hard day's work in the harvest field." This letter is written from one of the older settled districts of Sunny Central Saskatchewan, which has long been known as "the wheat town." Eight elevators are lined up at the station, waiting for this year's crop. The elevator capacity at this point is 270,- 000 bushels and at one time, before additional railways entered the district, over one million bushels of hard wheat were shipped from this station in a year, winning for Rosthern the- belt for being the largest primary wheat market in the world. In those days Rosthern shipped 1,200,000 bushels, while now she ships 900,000. Additional railways West have cut off the territory of this market.. A drive through the district is a revelation. Field after field full of binders make it appear all one farm of hundreds of thousands of acres, most of it thirty bushels to the acre, except where careless farming has allowed weeds to grow. The damage from hail was almost infinitesimal, and no damage whatever from any other cause has occurred. This year's wheat should bring over one dollar per bushel the present value at the station being $1.03. This garden spot extends Northwestward for a distance of upwards of one hundred miles. Lawrence Gait. The fight for county option is on in Knox county; the vote will be taken on Thursday, the 30th. From the way the friends of temperance are working we predict their success. Four recent murders, all caused by drink, have aroused the people to the necessity j of shutting up the dens where drunk- | arils and criminals are made. |
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