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VOL. LXII INDIANAPOLIS, DECEMBER 28, 1907. NO. 52 History of the Saw Mill. Editors Indiana Farmer: The "good old-fashioned" way of making boards, was to split up the logs with wedges, taking the slabs and hewing them down to the desired thickness and shape. This was very slow work; it was inconvenient, and the results when attained were not at all satisfactory. •Strange as it may seem, it was no easy matter to persuade the world that the work could be done in any other way, and at the same time more effectively. The earliest notice of saws being run by power is contained in a MS. of the 13th century in Paris, in which is a representation of the saw mill with a self-action turned by a water wheel. The contrivance is probably of mueh earlier date. Beckman tinds evidence of saw mills worked by water power in Augsbury, Germany, as far back as 1322. In the island Madaria, one is said to have been in operation in 1420, and the first one- vaa built in Norway in 1330. In Holland they were in use more than one hun- died years sooner than in England; and the Dutch furnished the English with h mber. The first recorded attempt to establish a saw mill in Great Britain was made near London in l«f.5 by a Dutchman, and quite an agitation resulted from its advent. The incident is described as follows: "The first saw mill was established by a Dutchman, in 1663; but the public outcry against the new fangled machine was so violent, that the proprietor was forced to decamp with more expedition than ever did a Dutchman before. The evil was thus impudently kept out of England for several years or rather generations; but in 1760, an unlucky timber merchant, hoping that after so long a time the public would be less watchful of its own interests, made a rash attempt to construct another saw mill. The guardians of the public welfare, however, were on the alert, and a conscientious mob at once collected and pulled the machine to pieces."' In the American colonies the importance of this expeditious means of obtaining sawed lumber was generally felt, and efforts were made to obtain the necessary machinery such as was used in Holland. In 1034 a saw mill was put in operation at the falls of the Piscataqua, between Berwick anel the Cocheco branch of that river, and this is supposed to have been fhe tirst mill of the kind in Xew England. In Xew York as many as three mills were constructed by the Dutch West India company about the year 1633, to run by water power or by wind. On the Delaware, saw mills were erected by the Dntch and Swedes before the arrival of Penn. In Virginia it does not appear that any saw mill was in operation until some time after 1650, though attempts were made to introduce the machinery and workmen skilled in its use as early as 1620. The saw mills of those days were more remarkable fp)r their numbers than for great extent of single establishments. They were found in the timber districts along the rivers which brought to them the logs and furnished the pppwer for sawing them; they were built upon numerous little streams in the settlements, each mill commonly provided with only a sin- glp' saw, which kept the neighborhood ■applied with tppp.-u-ils: and a grist mill under t'p.p same r.i<if shared with the saw mill the adrantage of water privilege. On the introduction of tli.' stp'Mtn engine rendering the husiness independent of water power, mills were established on a larger scale at tbe most convenient localities for receiving supplies of timber, and especially near large towns on the way. The old way is the easy one, but in the new way each Jersey returns her owner from $70 to $00 a year in the creamery or condensery monthly checks. The Willamette Valley, no less than JANUARY. FEBRUARY. MARCH. s 5 12 19 26 M 6 13 20 27 T 7 14 21 -8 w I 8 15 22 T 2 9 16 23 F 3 10 17 24 s 4 11 18 25 s M T w T F s I 8 15 22 29 s 1 8 15 22 29 M 2 9 16 23 30 T 3 10 17 24 3i w 4 11 18 25 T 5 12 19 26 F 6 13 20 27 s 7 14 21 28 2 9 16 33 3 10 17 24 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 | APRIIi. JURY. JUNE. s 5 12 19 ofi M 6 i3 20 in T 7 14 21 W I 8 15 22 T 2 9 16 23 3° F 3 10 17 24 s 4 11 18 25 s M T w T F I 8 15 22 ?n s 2 9 16 23 3° s 7 14 21 28 M I 8 15 22 7D T 2 9 16 23 ■vn w 3 10 17 24 T 4 II 18 25 F 5 12 19 26 s 6 13 20 27 3 10 17 24 31 4 11 18 25 5 12 19 ?fi 6 13 20 ?7 7 14 21 ?8 :...r... :.:.r.r. ....!..:. f 1 1 JUliY. AUGUST. SEPTEMBER. 5 12 19 26 M 6 13 20 27 T 7 i4 21 28 W I 8 15 22 29 i 7 F •3 s 4 11 18 25 s M T W T F s 1 8 15 22 20 s 6 13 20 27 M 7 14 21 28 T I 8 15 22 29 w 2 9 16 23 3° T 3 IO 17 24 F 4 11 18 25 s 5 12 19 26 9 io 16 17 23 24 30,31 2 9 16 23 30 3 10 17 24 3i 4 II 18 25 5 12 19 26 6 13 20 27 7 14 21 28 OCTOBER. NOVEMBER. DECEMBER. s 4 ii 18 25 M 5 12 19 26 T 6 13 20 27 W 7 14 21 28 T I 8 15 22 29 F 2 9 16 23 3° s 3 10 17 24 3i s 1 8 15 22 29 M 2 9 16 23 30 T 3 10 17 24 w 4 18 25 T 5 12 19 26 F 6 13 20 27 s 7 14 21 28 s 6 t3 20 it M 7 14 21 ">8 T I 8 15 22 29 w 2 9 16 23 30 T 3 IO 17 24 31 F 4 II 18 25 s 5 12 -9 26 . t r r r r r r r r r r r r k _\ coasts and rivers, and the process was extended to several new branches of industry. Alonzo Rice. Shelbyville, Ind. Oregon.—No. 2. Editocfl Indiana Farmer: Do you love dairying, either in the old fashioned way, or in modern style? As the aid to farm house life, a handful of COWS standing in the corner of the rich meadow, while the early dew is on the glass, ami the foaming milk pail steams in the chill air—with the yellow cream pans in the cool milk house, and the extra rounds of butter to trade for groceries at the country store? Or, in modern fashion, with the clean swept barn, fragrant with clover hay, in which the dusky Jerseys stand in row? Where busy milkers ply their trade,: and the hum of the separator rises as soon as the barn door has opened and tho herd has taken its leisurely way into the near by pastures for the day? AVhere fiehls (pf rape, vetch, elover ami tame grasses in abundance show the business side of the farmer's life? Ch.ippse which is most to your t.iste. but ask n.it from 111 »> uIpIpt fash- ippii the profits waiting on the n.<>.l.>iii Hood River or Southern Oregon, is a country of fruit. But iu fruit also modern ways are best. The ancient apple trees, with straggling branches, festooned with lichen, and coated in moss— pear trees in stately pyramids rising 50 feet into the summer air, sheeted in snowy bl'iom—all are gone. Xow the Oregon orchardist shows the commercial orchard. Ground clean and cultivated, not a weed appearing. Trees set 30 feet apiart, pruned and kept in shape, even in growth, bright and elean in bark and foliage. Insect enemies kept down b.v due sprayings. Fruit carefully picked, and sent to market, with well known and valued brands upon the boxes, testifying to the market values of the fruits within. The fame of Hood River and the Rogue River Valleys has dmni far. In both districts similar rewards have waited on organization, public spirit, energy and industry. In both ten acres of bearing or- ehard maintain a family in all comforts needed. That may well be when profits nt fivp' hundred dollars per acre are no uncommon thing in apples only. The profits from slippppp anil gnats on the western Oregon fnrms are said to be nearly as large, in proportion to the investment, as from the dairy. Each sheep is counted on for about $T.30 from wool, with the increase in addition. There is no better mutton sheep, the world over, than the Shropshire, or Southdown sheep of western Oregon. Each goat returns about $1.40 a year from mohair, on an average of years. and the kids are worth $2.50 at six months old. Poultry raising is most successful, when intelligently followed. But the high prices still paid in the Portland markets show that there is plenty of room for chickens, ducks aud geese by the thousand. Hops raised in western Oregon rank up to the best in the world for quality. The crop of 1900 reached 90,000 bales. Every county in the valley disputes the palm with its neighbors for the best and best cured hops. Southern Oregon, from Lane county to the California line, claims a climate unsurpassed for the mere delight in living. An average temperature of 53, a rainfall of just 30 inches— all fruit of the temperate zone to perfection, and no mean country for grains and stock of all kinds. Oregon possesses a coast regtOH thi hundred miles long, west of the coast range with special attractions of its own. Mild and genial, most uniform in climate, moist air keeping grass growing the year round. A splendid dairy country, and famous for cattle, sheep, goats, bees. Fruit in abundance, and vegetables so fine that it pays to ship them 1000 miles and more to market. Many rivers, rising among the hills, each finding its outlet to the Pacific in a wide estuary, the shores rich in pastures, tame and natural, the waters full of salmon, in "runs" of Chinooks, silver sides, steel heads, according to their seasons. It is the poor settler's Paradise, for nowhere will little money go farther to get an ideal home than in the const country of Oregon. Space fails to tell of the two hundred and forty billion feet of Oregon's timber. Of her mines of precious metals. Of her quarries of marble and building stones, of her coal mines and, last of all because it is the newest of her hidden riches, tbe oil and natural gas of her Eastern border county. Let none fear to come to Oregon lest schools nnd colleges and universities should be found wanting. Her legislatures have been liberal and wise for many yeara in spending the public money on education. The standard demanded is high. The professors nnd instructors of her universities nnd colleges live up to it. Her school teachers and school marms, though not as well paid as is their due, give to their work the very best in them. Rapidly the little red school house at the cross roads has given place to the graded School, and the three months' term of the pioneers to the nine and ten months schooling of today. Xo honest pen could sketch the Oregon of 1907 as other than a state teeming with possibilities only now being opened ont. Ten times the population of todny will find room for happy and healthy lives. But thanks to the courage and labors of her early pathfinders in every line of work the trails and tracks of the pioneers have been smoothed anel lirpp.nl- ened into well trodden roads, easy to be followed by the feet of incoming multitudes in the coming years. Louisa A'hinuty Xash. 048 Belmont, Portland, Ore.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1907, v. 62, no. 52 (Dec. 28) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA6252 |
Date of Original | 1907 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-03-23 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript |
VOL. LXII
INDIANAPOLIS, DECEMBER 28, 1907.
NO. 52
History of the Saw Mill.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
The "good old-fashioned" way of making boards, was to split up the logs
with wedges, taking the slabs and hewing
them down to the desired thickness and
shape. This was very slow work; it
was inconvenient, and the results when
attained were not at all satisfactory.
•Strange as it may seem, it was no easy
matter to persuade the world that the
work could be done in any other way, and
at the same time more effectively.
The earliest notice of saws being run
by power is contained in a MS. of the
13th century in Paris, in which is a representation of the saw mill with a self-action turned by a water wheel. The contrivance is probably of mueh earlier date.
Beckman tinds evidence of saw mills
worked by water power in Augsbury,
Germany, as far back as 1322. In the
island Madaria, one is said to have been
in operation in 1420, and the first one-
vaa built in Norway in 1330. In Holland they were in use more than one hun-
died years sooner than in England; and
the Dutch furnished the English with
h mber. The first recorded attempt to
establish a saw mill in Great Britain
was made near London in l«f.5 by a
Dutchman, and quite an agitation resulted from its advent. The incident is described as follows:
"The first saw mill was established by
a Dutchman, in 1663; but the public outcry against the new fangled machine was
so violent, that the proprietor was forced
to decamp with more expedition than ever
did a Dutchman before. The evil was
thus impudently kept out of England for
several years or rather generations; but
in 1760, an unlucky timber merchant,
hoping that after so long a time the public would be less watchful of its own interests, made a rash attempt to construct
another saw mill. The guardians of the
public welfare, however, were on the
alert, and a conscientious mob at once
collected and pulled the machine to
pieces."'
In the American colonies the importance of this expeditious means of obtaining sawed lumber was generally felt, and
efforts were made to obtain the necessary
machinery such as was used in Holland.
In 1034 a saw mill was put in operation
at the falls of the Piscataqua, between
Berwick anel the Cocheco branch of that
river, and this is supposed to have been
fhe tirst mill of the kind in Xew England.
In Xew York as many as three mills were
constructed by the Dutch West India
company about the year 1633, to run by
water power or by wind. On the Delaware, saw mills were erected by the
Dntch and Swedes before the arrival of
Penn. In Virginia it does not appear
that any saw mill was in operation until
some time after 1650, though attempts
were made to introduce the machinery
and workmen skilled in its use as early as
1620.
The saw mills of those days were more
remarkable fp)r their numbers than for
great extent of single establishments.
They were found in the timber districts
along the rivers which brought to them
the logs and furnished the pppwer for sawing them; they were built upon numerous
little streams in the settlements, each
mill commonly provided with only a sin-
glp' saw, which kept the neighborhood
■applied with tppp.-u-ils: and a grist mill under t'p.p same r.i |
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