VOL. LXII
INDIANAPOLIS, JULY 20, 1907
NO. 29
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PRODUCING BABY BEEF.
Hurry Them Along.
lst Premium.—Baby beef is produced
from a youug beef animal after it lias
passed the veal point, whieh occurs after
the calf li:ts arrived at from ti to 8 months
old. lt is by far the best beef that can
be produced. It is nice and juicy, not
having that fresh, soft, milky taste that
veal always has and which is not relished
as well as baby beef, which is mora matured mul is more like full grown beef,
only far better, as it is not tough and
dry. It is produced from good calves
that have free access to their mother's
milk from birth until slaughtered, say
any time after (J to .S months old up to 12
to  14  months  old. After  they  are  old
enough to eat some oats or chop give them
all they will eat. The sooner, or earlier
in their life, that we ean produce the
greatest number of pounds the better,
both in quality of beef and iu profit for
tin- producer.
At this day of high priced laml in Indiana it does uot pay to only half feed any
kind of stock. Hurry them along and
let something else take their place. If we
have something that just suits the butcher
or shipper, he will not go away and leave
it even if it is from y., to 1 cent per pound
higher than the regular price, for he
knows it is just what he wants. I think
(he time is past for most farmers in Indiana, as well as other states, to permit a
steer to run until 3 or 4 years old before
going on the market. Bather we should
feed them more, give better care, and get
llie animal to market sooner.
G.     B.
Feed   Regularly.
2d Premium.—What we term baby beef
is trom young beeves that are in a fine
stage for butchering. To produce it one
must have a good strain of beef cattle.
Feed the calf 8 dam well on- milk-producing
food, and let the calf have all the milk
from  the cow. In  addition  to this  the
calf should have all the shelled corn.
elover or alfalfa hay, etc., it will eat. I
do not think it best to let calves run orr
pasture with tbeir dams, if intended for
baby beef, as they take too much exercise and grow too much bone and muscle
for a good beef. They should have clean,
cool quarters in summer, aud be as free
from the fly pest as it is possible to have
them. Let thein have the milk from
their dam's at punctual hours, not just any
time it conies handy for the boys to turn
the cow irr.
Baby beef is always in good demand at
a higher price than any other beef, and
therefore is more profitable to raise than
other beef. Also it is turned into cash
with less feed and care than other beef.
Farmer.
No. 594, July 27.—Give your experience
in raising some "specialty" in connection
with general farming.
No. 595, Aug. 3.—Does it pay the individual farmer to experiment in a limited
way?      Give illustrations.
Premiums, of $1, 75 cents and 50 cents
are given for the best, second and third
best articles for the Experiment Department each week. Manuscript should be
sent direct to the Indiana Farmer Company and should be sent one week before
date of publication.
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The Indiana  Farmer Experiment Plat at State Pair Grounds, as it appeared July 1.
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Indiana  Farmer  men  setting out bed     of   Bowers,     State     Fair     (Irounds.
Typhoid  Fever  and   Malaria.
By C. K. I.-, M. D.
Typhoid fever is one of the oldest
known diseases, aud in the earlier days
mnny of the epidemics of typhoid fever
were extremely fatal. It has been
recognized for many years as a filth disease, and, therefore, preventable to a
certain degree. Typhoid fever is an
acute infectious disease, due to the entrance into the body of a susceptable person nf specific bacillus of Eberth, commonly known as the bacillus typhosus. The
entrance into the system of this organism
results, after a period of one to three
weeks iu some persona (not in all), in the
development of the fever. The most common method of infection is by water, but
milk diluted with Infected water or cooled
by Infected ice, or vegetables, oysters,
or clams, when eaten uncooked, frequently
are the means of carrying infection. Also
carelessness of nurses in getting the fiirger
tips Infected in the sick room and then
putting lingers tei the mouth or handling
food before' disinfecting them, can introduce the organism into the body; and flies
after alighting upon the discharges of a
case of typhoid fever may carry the bacilli
to otherwise pure food, and so spread tile
infection. Typhoid fever is a preventable disease, so far as contagion is con-
cerned, provided the bacilli as they escape in the feces, the urine and the sputum, are destroyed as soon as they pass
from   the patient's body. The  destruc
tion of the discharge and so of the bacilli
is therefore absolutely essential, and in
addition careful antisepsis on the part of
the nurse as ti) personal cleanliness, and
the protection of the discharge from flies
nre to be enforced. After convalesence
is established the discharges frequently
contain the bacilli for some considerable
time, and should be subject to the same
rigid disinfecting.        The specific bacillus
is tenacious of life. High degrees of heat
tl Ml degrees) will kill it, but it cau withstand a freezing temperature for many
days. It   is   readily   destroyed   by   the
strong germicides, such as strong solutions
of bichloride of  mercury  or carbolic acid.
Kvery great epidemic of typhoid fever
lias been traced to the contamination of
the water supply, and for tbat reason,
even in times of absence of the disease in
the community, great care should be given
to the water supply. The wells should
be deep bored wells with metal casings,
aud be situated several hundred feet from
any cesspool, closet or any source of in-
fiitiein. Very few of the open wells in
a thickly settled community are absolutely safe. Thorough cleanliness, especially as to decaying animal matter about the
premises, and the use of boiled water for
drinking purposes, should there be tbe
least doubt as to the purity of the water
supply,   should be practiced.
Malarial fever, like typhoid, is an old
disease, and was recognized as such centuries ago. While seldom or never fatal
in tbe temperate zone, it is an extremely
fatal disease- in tbe torrid zone. Malarial
fever was for centuries considered a disease resulting from a poison arising from
decaying vegetation associated with stagnant water. Inn modern science has demonstrated beyond a reasonable doubt that
there is but one direct factor in the dissemination of malaria] fever: namely, that
s| ies of mosquito known    as Anopheles.
The indirect factors in the causation of
malarial fever are, therefore, stagnant
water, iu which tbe mosquito can breed,
and the presence of a source from which it
can obtain tbe parasite so that it ean
transmit  it  to  a   healthy   person. The
mosquito cannot inoculate a person with
malaria unless it has tirst bitten a person
whose bleiod contains the malarial genu.
Hence the universal draining of a district,
thereby   destroying   the   breeding   grounds
of the pestiferous mosquito, will free any
section fnun the disease. Especially is
this   so   with   the   central   states. The
draining of tne Indiana swamps has made
malarial fever an almost unknown disease
to the younger generation.
Indiana Wheat Yield.
Farmers in Pike and Jennings counties
are selling iheir newly threshed wheat for
N_ cents per bushel. There will be M
attempt they say just now to force the
price up to the dollar mark by holding
the grain. The yield iu these two counties rauges from 20 to 25 bushels per
acre.
Many wheat fields in Posey county
show an acreage turn out of only 10 to
12 hushels, while Spencer county's .best
acre record for wheat so far this season,
is 19 bushels.
A KM) acre field in Gibson county yielded 14 bushels per acre.
The farmers near Martinsville are selling their wheat direct from the threshing
machine for 85 cents per bushel.
Reports from over the State say that
wheat in the shock is growing and moulding, due to the heavy rains of last week.
The wheat crop in Hendricks county,
tho late, is better than was expected a
f< w weeks ago. It is stated that many
fields will yield from 20 to 30 bushels per
acre.
A scarcity of farm labor is noticed in
Wayne and adjoining counties. Farmers
nre paying harvest hands from $2 to $2.50
per day including board and lodging.