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tSoURNA1' VOL. LVHI. INDIANAPOLIS, JULY 18, 1903. NO. 29 'gxpevizute Bcparttuetit HOW TO PROTECT LIVE STOCK FROM INSECT PEJTS. Ut* Salt and Sulphur Freely. lst Premium.—This important subject is oae that is perhaps as much neglected as aay of the duties of the farmer. Yet it is simple, aud for most part easy. A great loss to the farmer ia a financial way is largely due to the failure to protect the live stock from insect pests. There are many modes of removing lice from hogs, ticks ta sheep, etc., but to keep tnem off is the subject we have in hand, and the simple way to do that is to mix salt and sulphur, 4 parts salt, 1 part sulphur, and give liberally, being careful and judicious with breeding stock, and you will have but little trouble with these pests. A little carbolic acid, sprinkled about the feeding and sleeping quarters, is a good thing, and if a little of it, or a little coal oil, happens to get on the hogs, or a little sulphur is sprinkled on the sheep, no harm will be done. But what about the horses and cattle, at this time of the year, especially just before a rain, when the flies can hardly be knocked off? The cattle do no good in July and August, the milk cows lose half ia their milk, the horses go crazy, and the little calf's ears are all sore where the flies have bitten them with their poisonous mandibles. ..e keep the horses in a dark, well ventilated stable in day time, when not in use, and turn tnem in the grass lot at night. Have used different kinds of fly nets, but have come to the conclusion that some disinfectant of some kind, sprayed on the horses each morning, is a great satisfaction to man and beast. I spray the cows each morning, and can milk them with some degree of satisfaction. I do not wish to advertise anyone's business, but will say that you can get a kind that will do the work. Look in yaaur agricultural papers for the advertisement. Some kind of a dark place in pasture for the cattle to go into is well used by them. Make a good cheap place for the small calves, by erecting four posts on top of the ground. Dig no holes, but brace the posts well together. Stack straw, or any damaged hay you may have, on three sides and well over the top. Enclose the fourth side with any old plank you may have, leaving a door just sufficient in size for the calves to enter easily. After the calvre have used it a day or two, take an old coffee sack, or some pieces of old carpet, and hang over the door, and see them push it out ofl the way and go in and out We have one as above described, with not only coffee saeks hung over the door but several hung inside, just high enough for the calves to rub against, and I will just say that you do not see those calves out of there very much in the heat of the alay. _i think an editor once fittingly said that "it is real mean to put the little calves into a lot, with no place to get into to keep off the Hi*s." Why not apply it to all kinds of live stock? V. F. Hancock Co. Cleinlincis the Beit Preventive 2d Premium.—As we grow more profits mane, anal ns we look closer to the profits on live stock, I have no doubt but the modern barn for live stock will be as closely guarded agaiost flies, etc., by wire or otherwise, as our dwellings are to-day. We are just waking up to the fact that our live stock must be treated in the most humane manner if we obtain the greatest profit. The horse or cow that is not protected from insect pests wastes a large per cent of its food in fighting flies and by the loss of blood. Just now I look out of my window and see a horse hitched to a buggy. His head is reined up at an angle of 45 degrees. He rests his head, first to the right and then to the left. 11a* stands upon tlic street with the thermometer at 90 degrees, with no protection from the flies, and no chance to fight them off, except an occasional stamp of the foot or switch of the tail. He ought to cry "murder" And humanity ought to come to his relief with a law strong enough to loosen that checkrein at least, and restore him the power to fight flies that his Creator endowed him with. I wish that I could say something that would not only cut to the bone, but reach to the marrow, on this subject of leaving aaur live stock to the mercies of insect pests. When your horse is at work, give him some kind of a cover. It need not be expensive. Three cent muslin, or a coffee rack, will make him a covering. Keep some diluted carbolic acid in the stable, and a mop, and put some on his legs and belly when you take him out in the morning and at noon. To rub him with some bruised dogfennel, mint or walnut leaves, will aid much. When he is not at work, or in the pasture, during fly time, let him come to the stable at will, and you will see him coming when the flies attack him. If your stable is dark, they will not bother him there. All live stock should have some place to shelter in or under from the flies, for their comfort, and the profit of their owner. I have often said, in other articles, that there as as much inhumanity and as great a loss financially, in turning live stock out in the open field, without shelter and protection from flies and heat, during the hot weather, as in turning them out during the extreme cold in winter. Every farmer should have some woodland, or shady nook or corner, in reach of the pasture fields, for the live stock to shelter in during the fly hours of the day. Chicken lice are a great annoyance to horses, and the best way to keep your horses rid of them is to keep the chickens out of the barn. But if they are there, put plenty of coal oil in your white wash, and go to work on the woodwork. Give a good washing with soap suds, and then rub your horse with a cloth saturated with coal oil, but be careful, for coal oil will take off the hair. The little blood sucker that looks so much like the house fly, and bites so hard, may be kept off by diluted fish oil, or diluted carbolic acid, rubbed on morning and noon on the uncovered parts. A alark stable is the best and ma.st economical place to milk the cows. The fly works in the daylight, and the liee night and day. Protect the cattle from the fly by giving them a dark shed to crawl into, and from the lice by using coal oil with a little carbolic acid in it. Bun them into a box stall, and use the water sprinkler. A gallon will not be too much for 40 or .50 head. Leave them in the stall until they have thoroughly rubbeal it in on each other. If you have a good pool of pure water for them to bathe in, they' will not have many lice. Do not be alarmed at your hogs taking a bath. Goaod, pure water and fresh air are .not such dangerous elements, for either man or beast, as some people imagine. Look ! out for flies about your hog shtsds. They dislike pennyroyal very much, and a bas- I ketftil thrown t*a the beds will scatter them. Shea*ia turned iuto the liaru lot will rid it of fleas; they hang up in the WOOl. Clcaulill* I .tl juvvell- tive aaf 111] ;" Impossible * a*xist aboul said one word that will lessen tlia* i t l>a*st to live stock and diminish the financial loss to the stock raiser, 1 shall feel that I am a benefactor to mankind, not only finaneially but humanely. Marion Co. I. N. C. A Spreyer is Convenient. 3d Premium.—There are preparations on the market to destroy most insects that trouble live stock, but we use home-made remedies and have had fair success with their use. For lice on hogs, we use kerosene and lard, and rub well about the neck. Repeated applications may be necessary, but it is as effective as anything we have ever tried. For liee on colts, we once used a solution of tobacco. They were bathed twice with this, which settled the lice and left the hair and skin in good condition. We have known of water in which tobacco had been soaked, to be used to rid calves and dogs of lice, and the result was satisfactory. For chicken lice, we shut the chickens in their houses and burn sulphur. Some fire is placed in a pan, or similar open vessel, and paper or other dry material is added to-keep it burning, and the sulphur is placed on this. The object is to get as much sulphur smoke as possible. It penetrates the cracks and crevices about the house, and if strong enough will kill the lice on the fowls as well as in the house. Care must be taken not to inhale it, and the fowls must be noticed, for too much would kill them. As long as they keep moving, they are all right, l.ut if they begin to drop off the roost, it is time to open up and give them fresh air. We keep the fire near the door, an.l add fuel or sulphur when needed. We keep it burning long enough to fill the house with smoke. For best results the house needs to be reasonably tight. We use insect powder to keep little chicks free from lice. For flies on cows we use the following: One quart of kerosene, one quart fish oil, and one ounce oil of tar. This is put into a jug, and well shaken, when it is ready for use. It may be applied with a cloth or brush, but we are using one of the 50 cent sprayers, and find it very convenient and economical of both time and liquid. It taitcs but a short time to spray the cows, at milking time, and they stand without any trouble. Its effectiveness is shown by the quiet the cows enjoy, while the young cattle that are afraid of the machine are fighting flics. W. J. Jefferson Co. or corn has been taken off? No. UST, Aug. 8.—How do you make cider and keep it sweet? How make ciaier vinegar? LaltftuiHiitf Hods, .editors indlsns Fsnoer: As you have been discussing the lightning rod question I will report our exper- ieiia.'. Saturday, .Inly Ith, the lightning struck the rod on our barn aud it con- ducted it to the ground all right, tearing up the ground. We feel that the rods Mired tin* barn. The Farmer is always a welcome guest. Success to it. Edinburg, July 7. L. H. E. Premiums of $1, 75 cents and 50 cents are given for the first, second and third best articles for the Experience Department each week. Manuscript should be sent direct to the Indiana Fanner Company and Bhould reach us one week before date of publication. Topics for discussion ln future numbers of the Farmer are as follows: No. 385, July 25.—Under what circumstances should subsoiling be practiced? What are the benefits? No. 386, Aug. 1.—How should the ground be treated after a crop of wheat How Much Uacla Jjun Tends His Corn. Editors luallsns Firmer: Again 1 "ironed" my corn field. I gave it a thorough cultivation; the last time with a five shovel (oue-hor.se), lcaviug a small furrow in middle of row; then took my 14 tooth extension harrow, fastened au inch board on each side, the points to meeting front, in the shape of an A, adjusted to the harrow to fit the row, then "rubbed it down," pushing the mellow soil to the stalks, covering lots of grass between the corn. Should a drouth come it will be just the thing. If it rains I will take the boards off and scratch the surface about an inch deep. I will not go deep acnough to break the many fine roots that begin to run across the cultivated grouud. Yes, shallow cultivation after this. J. Bennett. Sunman. Improvement of Bees. editors Indlsna Fsrmasr: lt is well to make a memorandum of tho colony or colonies that have stored the most honey and next year allow them to be tho ones to breed from. A queen only lives about three years usually, and it is important to pay some attention to the kind of queen that takes her place. If one has the common black bees an Italian queen* will be an improvement. If one has the Italians or hybrids there is the advantage of getting fresh blood l.y the purchase of a queen from abroad. The best time to purchase an Italian queen for the purpose of Italianizing black bees is early iu the season. However there are advantages in buying a queen toward the end of the season. The queen-breeders sell good queens at reduced prices now. By ordering now you will have her on hand ready for business next year. The queens purchased now are apt to be the ones raised in the hight of the season. Old hee keepers tell us such queens are more desirable than those reared early or late in the season. It is vary difficult to keep Italian bees pure, no matter how pure stock one may get. The mating of queens cannot be controlled as can other stock. The young Italian queens will meet black drones if black bees are in the neighborhood. The cross between blacks and Italians is almost, and often, quite as good as the pure Italians. The blacK bees have so few friends that few bees of pure black blood are kept ly those who make a business nf producing honey. They have some redeeming qualities, but are too ill-natured to he agreeable to work with by timid beginn *rs. F. M. W. Bush Co. The Baptists of the United States, according to the latest official returns, number 4..'«0,4<>2. They are gathered in 44,- 820 churches, and are served by 30,809 ministers. The gains last year were 370 churches, 048 ministers and 61,399 members.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1903, v. 58, no. 29 (July 18) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA5829 |
Date of Original | 1903 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-03-21 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | tSoURNA1' VOL. LVHI. INDIANAPOLIS, JULY 18, 1903. NO. 29 'gxpevizute Bcparttuetit HOW TO PROTECT LIVE STOCK FROM INSECT PEJTS. Ut* Salt and Sulphur Freely. lst Premium.—This important subject is oae that is perhaps as much neglected as aay of the duties of the farmer. Yet it is simple, aud for most part easy. A great loss to the farmer ia a financial way is largely due to the failure to protect the live stock from insect pests. There are many modes of removing lice from hogs, ticks ta sheep, etc., but to keep tnem off is the subject we have in hand, and the simple way to do that is to mix salt and sulphur, 4 parts salt, 1 part sulphur, and give liberally, being careful and judicious with breeding stock, and you will have but little trouble with these pests. A little carbolic acid, sprinkled about the feeding and sleeping quarters, is a good thing, and if a little of it, or a little coal oil, happens to get on the hogs, or a little sulphur is sprinkled on the sheep, no harm will be done. But what about the horses and cattle, at this time of the year, especially just before a rain, when the flies can hardly be knocked off? The cattle do no good in July and August, the milk cows lose half ia their milk, the horses go crazy, and the little calf's ears are all sore where the flies have bitten them with their poisonous mandibles. ..e keep the horses in a dark, well ventilated stable in day time, when not in use, and turn tnem in the grass lot at night. Have used different kinds of fly nets, but have come to the conclusion that some disinfectant of some kind, sprayed on the horses each morning, is a great satisfaction to man and beast. I spray the cows each morning, and can milk them with some degree of satisfaction. I do not wish to advertise anyone's business, but will say that you can get a kind that will do the work. Look in yaaur agricultural papers for the advertisement. Some kind of a dark place in pasture for the cattle to go into is well used by them. Make a good cheap place for the small calves, by erecting four posts on top of the ground. Dig no holes, but brace the posts well together. Stack straw, or any damaged hay you may have, on three sides and well over the top. Enclose the fourth side with any old plank you may have, leaving a door just sufficient in size for the calves to enter easily. After the calvre have used it a day or two, take an old coffee sack, or some pieces of old carpet, and hang over the door, and see them push it out ofl the way and go in and out We have one as above described, with not only coffee saeks hung over the door but several hung inside, just high enough for the calves to rub against, and I will just say that you do not see those calves out of there very much in the heat of the alay. _i think an editor once fittingly said that "it is real mean to put the little calves into a lot, with no place to get into to keep off the Hi*s." Why not apply it to all kinds of live stock? V. F. Hancock Co. Cleinlincis the Beit Preventive 2d Premium.—As we grow more profits mane, anal ns we look closer to the profits on live stock, I have no doubt but the modern barn for live stock will be as closely guarded agaiost flies, etc., by wire or otherwise, as our dwellings are to-day. We are just waking up to the fact that our live stock must be treated in the most humane manner if we obtain the greatest profit. The horse or cow that is not protected from insect pests wastes a large per cent of its food in fighting flies and by the loss of blood. Just now I look out of my window and see a horse hitched to a buggy. His head is reined up at an angle of 45 degrees. He rests his head, first to the right and then to the left. 11a* stands upon tlic street with the thermometer at 90 degrees, with no protection from the flies, and no chance to fight them off, except an occasional stamp of the foot or switch of the tail. He ought to cry "murder" And humanity ought to come to his relief with a law strong enough to loosen that checkrein at least, and restore him the power to fight flies that his Creator endowed him with. I wish that I could say something that would not only cut to the bone, but reach to the marrow, on this subject of leaving aaur live stock to the mercies of insect pests. When your horse is at work, give him some kind of a cover. It need not be expensive. Three cent muslin, or a coffee rack, will make him a covering. Keep some diluted carbolic acid in the stable, and a mop, and put some on his legs and belly when you take him out in the morning and at noon. To rub him with some bruised dogfennel, mint or walnut leaves, will aid much. When he is not at work, or in the pasture, during fly time, let him come to the stable at will, and you will see him coming when the flies attack him. If your stable is dark, they will not bother him there. All live stock should have some place to shelter in or under from the flies, for their comfort, and the profit of their owner. I have often said, in other articles, that there as as much inhumanity and as great a loss financially, in turning live stock out in the open field, without shelter and protection from flies and heat, during the hot weather, as in turning them out during the extreme cold in winter. Every farmer should have some woodland, or shady nook or corner, in reach of the pasture fields, for the live stock to shelter in during the fly hours of the day. Chicken lice are a great annoyance to horses, and the best way to keep your horses rid of them is to keep the chickens out of the barn. But if they are there, put plenty of coal oil in your white wash, and go to work on the woodwork. Give a good washing with soap suds, and then rub your horse with a cloth saturated with coal oil, but be careful, for coal oil will take off the hair. The little blood sucker that looks so much like the house fly, and bites so hard, may be kept off by diluted fish oil, or diluted carbolic acid, rubbed on morning and noon on the uncovered parts. A alark stable is the best and ma.st economical place to milk the cows. The fly works in the daylight, and the liee night and day. Protect the cattle from the fly by giving them a dark shed to crawl into, and from the lice by using coal oil with a little carbolic acid in it. Bun them into a box stall, and use the water sprinkler. A gallon will not be too much for 40 or .50 head. Leave them in the stall until they have thoroughly rubbeal it in on each other. If you have a good pool of pure water for them to bathe in, they' will not have many lice. Do not be alarmed at your hogs taking a bath. Goaod, pure water and fresh air are .not such dangerous elements, for either man or beast, as some people imagine. Look ! out for flies about your hog shtsds. They dislike pennyroyal very much, and a bas- I ketftil thrown t*a the beds will scatter them. Shea*ia turned iuto the liaru lot will rid it of fleas; they hang up in the WOOl. Clcaulill* I .tl juvvell- tive aaf 111] ;" Impossible * a*xist aboul said one word that will lessen tlia* i t l>a*st to live stock and diminish the financial loss to the stock raiser, 1 shall feel that I am a benefactor to mankind, not only finaneially but humanely. Marion Co. I. N. C. A Spreyer is Convenient. 3d Premium.—There are preparations on the market to destroy most insects that trouble live stock, but we use home-made remedies and have had fair success with their use. For lice on hogs, we use kerosene and lard, and rub well about the neck. Repeated applications may be necessary, but it is as effective as anything we have ever tried. For liee on colts, we once used a solution of tobacco. They were bathed twice with this, which settled the lice and left the hair and skin in good condition. We have known of water in which tobacco had been soaked, to be used to rid calves and dogs of lice, and the result was satisfactory. For chicken lice, we shut the chickens in their houses and burn sulphur. Some fire is placed in a pan, or similar open vessel, and paper or other dry material is added to-keep it burning, and the sulphur is placed on this. The object is to get as much sulphur smoke as possible. It penetrates the cracks and crevices about the house, and if strong enough will kill the lice on the fowls as well as in the house. Care must be taken not to inhale it, and the fowls must be noticed, for too much would kill them. As long as they keep moving, they are all right, l.ut if they begin to drop off the roost, it is time to open up and give them fresh air. We keep the fire near the door, an.l add fuel or sulphur when needed. We keep it burning long enough to fill the house with smoke. For best results the house needs to be reasonably tight. We use insect powder to keep little chicks free from lice. For flies on cows we use the following: One quart of kerosene, one quart fish oil, and one ounce oil of tar. This is put into a jug, and well shaken, when it is ready for use. It may be applied with a cloth or brush, but we are using one of the 50 cent sprayers, and find it very convenient and economical of both time and liquid. It taitcs but a short time to spray the cows, at milking time, and they stand without any trouble. Its effectiveness is shown by the quiet the cows enjoy, while the young cattle that are afraid of the machine are fighting flics. W. J. Jefferson Co. or corn has been taken off? No. UST, Aug. 8.—How do you make cider and keep it sweet? How make ciaier vinegar? LaltftuiHiitf Hods, .editors indlsns Fsnoer: As you have been discussing the lightning rod question I will report our exper- ieiia.'. Saturday, .Inly Ith, the lightning struck the rod on our barn aud it con- ducted it to the ground all right, tearing up the ground. We feel that the rods Mired tin* barn. The Farmer is always a welcome guest. Success to it. Edinburg, July 7. L. H. E. Premiums of $1, 75 cents and 50 cents are given for the first, second and third best articles for the Experience Department each week. Manuscript should be sent direct to the Indiana Fanner Company and Bhould reach us one week before date of publication. Topics for discussion ln future numbers of the Farmer are as follows: No. 385, July 25.—Under what circumstances should subsoiling be practiced? What are the benefits? No. 386, Aug. 1.—How should the ground be treated after a crop of wheat How Much Uacla Jjun Tends His Corn. Editors luallsns Firmer: Again 1 "ironed" my corn field. I gave it a thorough cultivation; the last time with a five shovel (oue-hor.se), lcaviug a small furrow in middle of row; then took my 14 tooth extension harrow, fastened au inch board on each side, the points to meeting front, in the shape of an A, adjusted to the harrow to fit the row, then "rubbed it down," pushing the mellow soil to the stalks, covering lots of grass between the corn. Should a drouth come it will be just the thing. If it rains I will take the boards off and scratch the surface about an inch deep. I will not go deep acnough to break the many fine roots that begin to run across the cultivated grouud. Yes, shallow cultivation after this. J. Bennett. Sunman. Improvement of Bees. editors Indlsna Fsrmasr: lt is well to make a memorandum of tho colony or colonies that have stored the most honey and next year allow them to be tho ones to breed from. A queen only lives about three years usually, and it is important to pay some attention to the kind of queen that takes her place. If one has the common black bees an Italian queen* will be an improvement. If one has the Italians or hybrids there is the advantage of getting fresh blood l.y the purchase of a queen from abroad. The best time to purchase an Italian queen for the purpose of Italianizing black bees is early iu the season. However there are advantages in buying a queen toward the end of the season. The queen-breeders sell good queens at reduced prices now. By ordering now you will have her on hand ready for business next year. The queens purchased now are apt to be the ones raised in the hight of the season. Old hee keepers tell us such queens are more desirable than those reared early or late in the season. It is vary difficult to keep Italian bees pure, no matter how pure stock one may get. The mating of queens cannot be controlled as can other stock. The young Italian queens will meet black drones if black bees are in the neighborhood. The cross between blacks and Italians is almost, and often, quite as good as the pure Italians. The blacK bees have so few friends that few bees of pure black blood are kept ly those who make a business nf producing honey. They have some redeeming qualities, but are too ill-natured to he agreeable to work with by timid beginn *rs. F. M. W. Bush Co. The Baptists of the United States, according to the latest official returns, number 4..'«0,4<>2. They are gathered in 44,- 820 churches, and are served by 30,809 ministers. The gains last year were 370 churches, 048 ministers and 61,399 members. |
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