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VOL. LVIH. INDIANAPOLIS, JULY 4, 1903. NO. 27 'gxptvituce ^Department GIVE EXPERIENCE IN GROWING STRAW- BERRIES SUCCESSFULLY, FOR HOME ANO MARKET. Tht Beat Btrrita Ever Created. lst Premium.—While it is impossible fur me, owing to diversity of soil aud other conditions, to lay down any set of rules or prescribe any definite plan of raising strawberries under all conditions, 1 may be able to offer some sugestions gleaned from my eight years' experience that will aid the inexperienced reader to grow au abundance of choice berries for home and market. Strawberries will thrive in any f*rtile soil that will produce corn or potatoes, but we can regulate the season of ripening in the selection of a site and in the choice of varieties. I prefer a sandy soil, with southern exposure, for early berries, and a northern slope, with clay soil, for late berries. While the above described locations will aid in prolonging the strawberry season, this is not necessary in order to produce strawberries. Select a well drained, fertile piece ot grouud, manure it heavily with well rotted stable manure, anal plow it deeply early in the spring. Lay out the patch in long rows, 3% feet apart, and set the plants 1G inches apart in the rows. Harrow the ground thoroughly, and mark it out with a marker made out of light inch boards, to be pulled by hand. In setting the plants use a trowel, and be sure that the opening is deep enough to allow the roots to be spread out without tramping them. Press the dirt about the roots firmly and begin cultivation at once. I wouhl select the following variatias for both home use and market: Excelsior anal Michel *s Early for early Clyde, Tennessee Prolific, Wartield, Glen Mary, Haverland and Senator Dunlap for medium, anal Gandy, Parker Earle and Rough Rider for late. Cultivate frequently, with a spring tooth harrow or a double shovel plow. I pre- fcr using- these tools afternately, thereby insuring thorough and level cultivation. Pick all the flowers off as they appear, and keep the runners off until the first of July, after which the strongest runners should be allowed to grow and set plants. Allow the plants to mat until you have rows 20 inches wide, after which all runners should be restricted by the use of the cultivator. Keep up cultivation until weeds cease to grow in the fall, and. when the ground freezes sufficiently to bear up a team and wagon, mulch the patch heavily with clean straw. Eeave the mulch on until the hard freezing is over in the spring, then rake the straw off the plants into the oath between the rows. This will keep the berries clean and retain moisture during the bearing season. Provide a supply of neat lG-quart crates anal boxes and yon will be ready to reap the reward of yonr labor. As soon as your patch is done bearing, mow the vines off close to the ground, and stir np the straw, and, when the vines nn.l mulch are perfectly dry and a brisk wind is Mowing, burn* the patch over, and harorw it thoroughly with a spike tooth harrow it thoroughly with a spike tooth have a patch of new, healthy plants. Resume cultivation, and by the first of October yonr patch will be in fine condition for winter. Ry all means plant a straw- laerry patch and give yonr family an abundant snpply of the best ben-ies God ever created—strawberries. J. C. K. Noble Co. Adapted to Wide Ring* of Soils. 2d Premium.—Tho strawberry is the mos deceptive, and at the same time the most Interesting of! the small fruits. On one kind of soil a certain variety will hoar taa perfection for say one season, aud perhaps the next season the very same patch wil behave differently, because of llie season. The strawberry is a fruit that requires the very closest study and continual experimentation to succeed best, although it will do some gootl, even- when neglected. It is a fruit that should be found in the garden of every farmer. In fact we do not know how essential they are until the family patch has been plowed up and the owner is doing without. As ling the plants out care must be taken to spread out the roots and put moist dirt next to them. The plants must be set with tho crowns even with the surface of the ground, as they will cover up and rot when too deep, anal the roaals airy out when too shallow. We begin cultivation soon after tha* plants an- set. and continue until frost kills the wca'.ls*. '1 nis conserves the moisture for the use of the plants ami forms a line bed for tho runners to take root in. The plowing turns them around into the row, ami a wide row results. Some growers say to cut off the runners until July, but we believe in leaving the first runners, and, if some are not wanted, dis- Tomato field near Tyler, Texas, June 4. a dessert fruit it has no equal, and, coming as it does in early rammer it caun-ot be replaced by other fruits. The strawberry succeeds over a wide range of soils, some varieties adapting themselves more readily than others to new soils, but the best is a rich, well un- derdrained, sandy loam, that does nut readily dry ont in summer. To do the best, strawberries require a large amount of water, but the soil should not be such that plants are drowned out. The previous preparation of the soil has something to do with the strawberry crop. A liberal application of well rotted stable manure a year or so previous, increases the yield of fruit, and a heavy crop of clover will also aid the fertility of the soil. The ground should be broken early in the spring and the plants set as soon as the ground will do; if they can bo obtained then. The soil should be made in as fine condition as possible, to retain moisture ami give the plants a good seed bed; in fact, it is hard to set plants in hard, cloaldy ground and have them do well. Next after the preparation of the ground comes the setting of the plants, and their cultivation. We always furrow off our ground in rows, three and one-half feet apart, and set the plants eighteen inches apart, thns insuring a good stnnd on the ground. We hnve the l>est success when wo set the plants as early as possible in the spring, before the hot drying weather comes on. The plants do not have many new roots started, and thoy grow off nicely when set early, but after the hot weather comes on the freshly set plants dry ont. Some growers wnnt to set patches in the fall, bnt they seldom give satisfaction unless potted plants are used, which are very expensive. In set- card the last ones. It is also best to cut off the bloom stalks, if any are pro- I duced the same year the plants are set, as it is hard on the plants and frequently results in their death. As to varieties, the grower must be the judge. There are scores of varieties, each adapted to a certain locality and a special use, but for all kinds of use and soil the following are perhaps the best varieties: Pistillate, Warfield, Haverland, Rubach, Greenville", Mary, Staminate, I.ovett, Smith's Seedling. Phillip's Seedling, Rrandywine, Wm. Relt, Rrunette. It has been truly said that a product which is attractive in appearance is half sold. A great deal depends upon the measure, the honesty of the grower and the appearance of the fruit when ready for sale. All rotten and knotty or "button" berries should be discarded in the patch. The berries will need picking every other day, unless the season is very cool. Where several pickers are hired, the ticket method of keeping account of picking Is good. Work and perseverance is the road to success with strawberries. Howard Co. C. R. fall, these plants will likely furnish an average crop next spring. Don't make the mistake of planting close. Uur rows are _S inches apart, with plains at the very least, 14 inches apart. Chi. gives plenty of room to work the plants on ull sides until the runners appear. The second year we take out every alternate plant, to allow the bed to again lie worked on each side of the plants. Stir up the grouud well before the loots get matted. Keep the soil looso by stirriug with a sharp rake. This is best done alt.i a rain. Wei'ds take the moisture from the plants aud shorten up the crop, .strawlaerries require a great amount of water. This is why strawberry crops are usually good iu wet years, and shorten up in years of drouth. We mulch the beds iu the fall, but prefer a balanced fertilizer to give best results, both iir thrifty vines and strong crops. Tha* following is an excellent mixture, ami is in proportion for two dressings on hall an acre, one to be applied early in the spring, ami the other just before runners appear. Stir it iu the soil after rains to keep from bakiug; Two hundred and seventy pounds of acid phosphate rock; 70 pounds of nitrate of soda; 75 pounds of muriate of soda. The first year is the time to give good care to the bed and plants, if you expect a good yield the second year. The plants for next year are coming on now, and must be looked after and given their lirst working, as that is the one that tells on them. Don't allow tke plants to grow- in matted rows, and don't let the weeds get so thick that the cultivator cannot kill them all out, with the exception of here and there one that can be pulled out. A clean strawberry bed means a double crop; a weedy bed means a quarter crop. Not only this double yield, but a clean bed of strawberries means a bed of strawberries that will not need changing, or plowing under, fbr three or four years. Some growers re-set every two years. Of course, no difference how clean the strawberry bed is kept, if the blight comes, the Ih-iI must be changed, as the blight loves the old strawberry beds best. Now is the time the crab grass begins to get in its clinching work among the plants. It is easily rooted out when tender, but later on will almost defy you. Crab grass nerer bothers a loose soil; it sticks its claws strongest in hard earth, so keep the soil of the strawberry bed loose. Strawberries, on account of the short season, and the difficulty of shipping, are not extensively raised, the Hunn strawberry is claimed to be one of the best for shipping long distances, and in fact one of the best for any purpose. Henry Co. I. M. This Year's Cultivates Makes Next Year's Crop 3d Premium.—Here are some notes from the experience of an old subscriber to this paper, and an old strawberry grower, both for home and market. To get a good crop of strawberries on earliest time, the plants must set out in the spring. To set them ou this fall will only give you small crop next spring, and it will be 18 months before yon can expect a full crop, but planted in the spring you may expect, all other things being well with the plants, a crop in 12 months. If the plants have been potted, and then- are re-set in the Premiums of $1, 75 cents and 50 cents are given for the first, second and third Mat articles for the Experience Department each week. Manuscript should be sent direct to the Indiana Farmer Company and should reach ns one week before date of publication. Topics for discussion in future numbers of the Farmer are as follows: No. 383, July 11.—Tell how to make and hang a good, durable, reliable farm gate. No. 384, July 18.—Tell how to protect live stock from insect pests. No. 3^, July 25.—Under what circumstances should subsoiling be practiced? What are the benefits? The normal human eye can read letters seven-twentieths of an inch high at a distance of twenty feet
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1903, v. 58, no. 27 (July 4) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA5827 |
Date of Original | 1903 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-03-21 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | VOL. LVIH. INDIANAPOLIS, JULY 4, 1903. NO. 27 'gxptvituce ^Department GIVE EXPERIENCE IN GROWING STRAW- BERRIES SUCCESSFULLY, FOR HOME ANO MARKET. Tht Beat Btrrita Ever Created. lst Premium.—While it is impossible fur me, owing to diversity of soil aud other conditions, to lay down any set of rules or prescribe any definite plan of raising strawberries under all conditions, 1 may be able to offer some sugestions gleaned from my eight years' experience that will aid the inexperienced reader to grow au abundance of choice berries for home and market. Strawberries will thrive in any f*rtile soil that will produce corn or potatoes, but we can regulate the season of ripening in the selection of a site and in the choice of varieties. I prefer a sandy soil, with southern exposure, for early berries, and a northern slope, with clay soil, for late berries. While the above described locations will aid in prolonging the strawberry season, this is not necessary in order to produce strawberries. Select a well drained, fertile piece ot grouud, manure it heavily with well rotted stable manure, anal plow it deeply early in the spring. Lay out the patch in long rows, 3% feet apart, and set the plants 1G inches apart in the rows. Harrow the ground thoroughly, and mark it out with a marker made out of light inch boards, to be pulled by hand. In setting the plants use a trowel, and be sure that the opening is deep enough to allow the roots to be spread out without tramping them. Press the dirt about the roots firmly and begin cultivation at once. I wouhl select the following variatias for both home use and market: Excelsior anal Michel *s Early for early Clyde, Tennessee Prolific, Wartield, Glen Mary, Haverland and Senator Dunlap for medium, anal Gandy, Parker Earle and Rough Rider for late. Cultivate frequently, with a spring tooth harrow or a double shovel plow. I pre- fcr using- these tools afternately, thereby insuring thorough and level cultivation. Pick all the flowers off as they appear, and keep the runners off until the first of July, after which the strongest runners should be allowed to grow and set plants. Allow the plants to mat until you have rows 20 inches wide, after which all runners should be restricted by the use of the cultivator. Keep up cultivation until weeds cease to grow in the fall, and. when the ground freezes sufficiently to bear up a team and wagon, mulch the patch heavily with clean straw. Eeave the mulch on until the hard freezing is over in the spring, then rake the straw off the plants into the oath between the rows. This will keep the berries clean and retain moisture during the bearing season. Provide a supply of neat lG-quart crates anal boxes and yon will be ready to reap the reward of yonr labor. As soon as your patch is done bearing, mow the vines off close to the ground, and stir np the straw, and, when the vines nn.l mulch are perfectly dry and a brisk wind is Mowing, burn* the patch over, and harorw it thoroughly with a spike tooth harrow it thoroughly with a spike tooth have a patch of new, healthy plants. Resume cultivation, and by the first of October yonr patch will be in fine condition for winter. Ry all means plant a straw- laerry patch and give yonr family an abundant snpply of the best ben-ies God ever created—strawberries. J. C. K. Noble Co. Adapted to Wide Ring* of Soils. 2d Premium.—Tho strawberry is the mos deceptive, and at the same time the most Interesting of! the small fruits. On one kind of soil a certain variety will hoar taa perfection for say one season, aud perhaps the next season the very same patch wil behave differently, because of llie season. The strawberry is a fruit that requires the very closest study and continual experimentation to succeed best, although it will do some gootl, even- when neglected. It is a fruit that should be found in the garden of every farmer. In fact we do not know how essential they are until the family patch has been plowed up and the owner is doing without. As ling the plants out care must be taken to spread out the roots and put moist dirt next to them. The plants must be set with tho crowns even with the surface of the ground, as they will cover up and rot when too deep, anal the roaals airy out when too shallow. We begin cultivation soon after tha* plants an- set. and continue until frost kills the wca'.ls*. '1 nis conserves the moisture for the use of the plants ami forms a line bed for tho runners to take root in. The plowing turns them around into the row, ami a wide row results. Some growers say to cut off the runners until July, but we believe in leaving the first runners, and, if some are not wanted, dis- Tomato field near Tyler, Texas, June 4. a dessert fruit it has no equal, and, coming as it does in early rammer it caun-ot be replaced by other fruits. The strawberry succeeds over a wide range of soils, some varieties adapting themselves more readily than others to new soils, but the best is a rich, well un- derdrained, sandy loam, that does nut readily dry ont in summer. To do the best, strawberries require a large amount of water, but the soil should not be such that plants are drowned out. The previous preparation of the soil has something to do with the strawberry crop. A liberal application of well rotted stable manure a year or so previous, increases the yield of fruit, and a heavy crop of clover will also aid the fertility of the soil. The ground should be broken early in the spring and the plants set as soon as the ground will do; if they can bo obtained then. The soil should be made in as fine condition as possible, to retain moisture ami give the plants a good seed bed; in fact, it is hard to set plants in hard, cloaldy ground and have them do well. Next after the preparation of the ground comes the setting of the plants, and their cultivation. We always furrow off our ground in rows, three and one-half feet apart, and set the plants eighteen inches apart, thns insuring a good stnnd on the ground. We hnve the l>est success when wo set the plants as early as possible in the spring, before the hot drying weather comes on. The plants do not have many new roots started, and thoy grow off nicely when set early, but after the hot weather comes on the freshly set plants dry ont. Some growers wnnt to set patches in the fall, bnt they seldom give satisfaction unless potted plants are used, which are very expensive. In set- card the last ones. It is also best to cut off the bloom stalks, if any are pro- I duced the same year the plants are set, as it is hard on the plants and frequently results in their death. As to varieties, the grower must be the judge. There are scores of varieties, each adapted to a certain locality and a special use, but for all kinds of use and soil the following are perhaps the best varieties: Pistillate, Warfield, Haverland, Rubach, Greenville", Mary, Staminate, I.ovett, Smith's Seedling. Phillip's Seedling, Rrandywine, Wm. Relt, Rrunette. It has been truly said that a product which is attractive in appearance is half sold. A great deal depends upon the measure, the honesty of the grower and the appearance of the fruit when ready for sale. All rotten and knotty or "button" berries should be discarded in the patch. The berries will need picking every other day, unless the season is very cool. Where several pickers are hired, the ticket method of keeping account of picking Is good. Work and perseverance is the road to success with strawberries. Howard Co. C. R. fall, these plants will likely furnish an average crop next spring. Don't make the mistake of planting close. Uur rows are _S inches apart, with plains at the very least, 14 inches apart. Chi. gives plenty of room to work the plants on ull sides until the runners appear. The second year we take out every alternate plant, to allow the bed to again lie worked on each side of the plants. Stir up the grouud well before the loots get matted. Keep the soil looso by stirriug with a sharp rake. This is best done alt.i a rain. Wei'ds take the moisture from the plants aud shorten up the crop, .strawlaerries require a great amount of water. This is why strawberry crops are usually good iu wet years, and shorten up in years of drouth. We mulch the beds iu the fall, but prefer a balanced fertilizer to give best results, both iir thrifty vines and strong crops. Tha* following is an excellent mixture, ami is in proportion for two dressings on hall an acre, one to be applied early in the spring, ami the other just before runners appear. Stir it iu the soil after rains to keep from bakiug; Two hundred and seventy pounds of acid phosphate rock; 70 pounds of nitrate of soda; 75 pounds of muriate of soda. The first year is the time to give good care to the bed and plants, if you expect a good yield the second year. The plants for next year are coming on now, and must be looked after and given their lirst working, as that is the one that tells on them. Don't allow tke plants to grow- in matted rows, and don't let the weeds get so thick that the cultivator cannot kill them all out, with the exception of here and there one that can be pulled out. A clean strawberry bed means a double crop; a weedy bed means a quarter crop. Not only this double yield, but a clean bed of strawberries means a bed of strawberries that will not need changing, or plowing under, fbr three or four years. Some growers re-set every two years. Of course, no difference how clean the strawberry bed is kept, if the blight comes, the Ih-iI must be changed, as the blight loves the old strawberry beds best. Now is the time the crab grass begins to get in its clinching work among the plants. It is easily rooted out when tender, but later on will almost defy you. Crab grass nerer bothers a loose soil; it sticks its claws strongest in hard earth, so keep the soil of the strawberry bed loose. Strawberries, on account of the short season, and the difficulty of shipping, are not extensively raised, the Hunn strawberry is claimed to be one of the best for shipping long distances, and in fact one of the best for any purpose. Henry Co. I. M. This Year's Cultivates Makes Next Year's Crop 3d Premium.—Here are some notes from the experience of an old subscriber to this paper, and an old strawberry grower, both for home and market. To get a good crop of strawberries on earliest time, the plants must set out in the spring. To set them ou this fall will only give you small crop next spring, and it will be 18 months before yon can expect a full crop, but planted in the spring you may expect, all other things being well with the plants, a crop in 12 months. If the plants have been potted, and then- are re-set in the Premiums of $1, 75 cents and 50 cents are given for the first, second and third Mat articles for the Experience Department each week. Manuscript should be sent direct to the Indiana Farmer Company and should reach ns one week before date of publication. Topics for discussion in future numbers of the Farmer are as follows: No. 383, July 11.—Tell how to make and hang a good, durable, reliable farm gate. No. 384, July 18.—Tell how to protect live stock from insect pests. No. 3^, July 25.—Under what circumstances should subsoiling be practiced? What are the benefits? The normal human eye can read letters seven-twentieths of an inch high at a distance of twenty feet |
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