VOL. Lvm.
INDIANAPOLIS, APRIL 25, 1903.—TWENTY PAGES.
NO. 17
The Law as to Flsh Ladders.
AN ACT providing for the construction
and repairing of tish ladders, defining
certain misdemeanors, providing penalties, and declaring an emergency.
(Approved Manh .", 1885.)
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Genual Assembly of the Suite of Indiana.
Tbat the owner or owners of any dam
across any of the rivers, streams, nr
water courses in this State, when such
alam is of the height oil four feet or
over, shall, within six months after the
passage of this act, construct and maintain fish (addera on such dam sufficient to
j.low the fish below such dam to pass over
such dam into the waters above the same.
Such fish ladders to be constructed in such
manner and of such material as shall be
directed by the Commissioner of Fisheries of Indiana.
AN ACT supplemental to an act entitled
"An act providing for the construction
and repairing of fish ladders, defining certain misdemeanors, providing penalties,
and declaring an emergency," approved
March 5, 1885, prescribing the duties of
tbo Commissioner of Fisheries in relation
thereto.
(S.  143.      Approved  March  7,  1903.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly of the State of Indiana.
That if any owner of any such dam shall
violate or attempt to violate the provisions
uf the first section of the art to which this
act is supplemental, he shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction thereof shall be lineal not less than
ten (10) dollars nor more than twenty-
five (25) dollars.
Section. 2. It shall be the doty of the
Caimmissnoner of Fisheries and Game, or
his deputy, to prosecute all violations of
the provisions of this act ,and he is hereby
given the authority for such prosecution
as he has in the Fish and Game Laws of
the  State.
Section 3. When any such fish anil ladder shall get out of repair it shall be tne
ai lty of such owner or owners to put the
same in repair within 30 days after being notified by the Commissioner of Fisheries and Game, or his deputy. Whosoever shall violate or attempt to violate
the provisions of this section shall be
deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon
conviction thereof shall be fined not less
than ten (10) nor more than twenty-five
a'_"al  dollars.
Section 5. Any person who shall construct any fish trap or other device for
catching fish, or shall shoot, spear, gig. or
in any manner take or kill any fish on oi
near any fish ladder constructed on any
dam in the State of Indiana, save and
except by hook aud line, shall be deemed
guilty of a misdemeanor, and upon conviction shall be fined in any sum not less
than twenty-five dollars nor more than
seventy-five dollars, and the Township
Trustee shall, or any other person may,
destroy any fish trap or other device for
catching fish found on or near any such*
fsh ladder.
 m.— .
Various Topics.
Editors Indiana  Farmer:
My locust grove contains about 8 or 10
acres. The trees in the hollows and
l.aattoms are larger than those on the hills.
One place where it is shaded hy the woods
thev seem to grow tall like other trees.
If I remember rightly the seed were plant-
cl in the garden in the spring of 1886 anal
the next year the ground was planted to
corn, except every other hill of every
other row in which was put a seedling lo-
i :ist tree.       The laml was Reeded to grass
and   made  about   as  g 1   pasture,  as  if
the trees hsid not been there until the last
few years in which the grass has given
place to a luxuriant growth of pennyroyal.
But first the tame grass gave place to
fige grass, and the broom sage to pennyroyal. The east side was newer land than
the other, and there were i good many
briars which furnished fine hemes till
the trees shaded them too mnch. They
.i'sii maale fine shelter for quails anal rab-
i'irs in winter. There is one thing people ought to think nf when they put out
hi lists, ami that is they are bad tn sprout
fr.am the roots especially where the ground
is ploughed.
The farmers nf this neighborhood have
._*■ f into the way of moving over and let-
ling the locusts have possession when they
get started in a field. T think one ought
to  have  locusts  in  a  field  by  themselves,
ami surrounded on .ill sides by ■ hedge or
torder of trees that aha mat spraaiit from
the routs. Smh a plan would keep the
roots from adjoining field*.
It is a kiual of holiliy with me that
people ought to live longer than they
tio The  Bible   says   that  the   time   is
coming when the life of man shall lie as
the life of a tree ,and an infant shall die
at a hundred years. I think the time
is coming when people will live as long as
the Antediluvians. If people could he
instructed in the desirability and possibility of good health and long life that time
need not be so very far in the future. Another thing that I am interested in is
what might be called vegetarianism. A
few years ago some one wrote in the
Farmer that by means of chemistry all
cur foods and clothing could be supplied
from the vegetable kingdom. I have
since been reading and experimenting
along this line and am convinced that
whatever may have been the necessity
in past ages, the time is now come when
the human race would be better off without animal products. Of course we
shall need horses for a while to do oui
work until machinery is perfected to take
their place.
I received from my father's estate a
team of horses, a yoke of oxen, some
farming implements, a flock of sheep and
CO acres of land. I expect to sell the
sheep this summer, and then I shall keep
na stock but the horses, and the oxen,
;f they prove useful for plowing. I ex-
I*a*a*t to sell the grain and vegetables ami
ln.it, aud plow under all refuse, and ih*-
I, -rial nn clovers, rotation, and chemical
fertilizers to keep up the fertility of the
land. I nm anxious to learn about hominy corn as I want to sell the grain for
lend aud leave the stalks and cubs on the
land.
Kvery once in a while some one writes
that it is necessary to keep stock in order
to keep np the fertility of the land, i
think they arem istaken, and will write
sion giving my views nn the subject.
Fa lining has been described as the most
Independent an.l enjoyable occupation
there is. How much more enjoyable it
would be if we could only be freed from
ills* worry ami drudgery and slavery there
i- connected with the care of stock. I
might nNn add cruelty and brutality.
,T>*fferson ('.*. B. S. C.
Faulty Seed Corn.
Editor. Indian.  Farmer:
DO we expect I*"* much? I was 111
need of some seed corn and am a believer
iupure seed. I sent to an Illinois seed com-
pony fnr 7 bushels of l-ts-.tia- County White
to plant -1(1 ai res nf sod which I am preparing. When the corn came I brought
it home, and to-day I was preparing that
com for planting. When I poured the
corn out of the sack I was surprised laa
think that a reliable firm had sent me
such corn. I don't think that in the
seven bushels you could find a typlcaj
car of corn. We examined the corn well
and Sound 7 ears taa each bushel that
would not grow, besides having to discard
several ears, with very large depressions,
and large round kernels, that wire n**i
hll***l tn the end, also finding s.ime with
red cobs, which is not a very good sign
of pure white corn. We also found upon
weighing this corn thnt we were one-half
bushel short in weight. With the ex-
perience of my neighbors, as well as my
own, I would say do not change your seed
corn unless you can see before you buy.
Bemington. EL  E.  Hoover.
—Mr. Hoover does not give us the
name of this Illinois seeal firm, which we
think he ought to do, so that if we are atf-
l;sing them we may demand an explanation or take out their ad. We trust that
the matter may be explained and recti-
ted. From the statement of Mr. Hoover
it seems a fraudulent transaction, without mitigation.
 .   .
National Cooperation ln Building* Good
Roads.
Congressman Brownlow, of Tennessee.
►aye that his giM.il roads bill is the most
popular measure introduced in Congress
sin.-o the Civil  War.      He says that even
: !n*   Democratic   legislature   aaf   his   own
Stata* has eniliarse.l it and thnt the legislatures nf Minnesota, Missouri, Alabama
ami New Mexico, have taken similar actum: and that he believes the bill will be
endorsed by the legislature of every' State
in the Union, if that is necessary in order
to press upon Congress the importance
of  the  measure.
iii.g.n. ammonia and phosphoric add have
I i*.*n   rata] 1.    absorbed   in  this    earth
covering, and I presume ■ fair amount ot
i a.lash retained un the ashes.—A. II. J.. In
Rural   New   Yorker.
COAL OIL  EMULSION.
When dilated kerosene emulsion Is
used as a spray against the melon lam-*.
care should l>c taken to test the effect of
the emulsion in the plants, before applying
if to the whole crop. Then, if it I***
found taaii weak for the bugs or too str**i ■_•
Inr the vines, it may be made weaker or
stronger as required. A formula recon -
mended for the preparation of an emulsion  faar plant lice as follows:
\_ pound soap (whaleoil if possible).
1  gallon  water.
__; gallons ka*r*asene.
For use against the melon louse add one
gallon of the abore emulsion to nine
Jons of water. To be effective this must
I e sprayed so as to reach the entire lower
surfaces of the leaves of the plants.
Sunday at a Mountain Church,
I'dltors  Indian.  Farmer:
The season is in advance of the average
in the southern mountains. Man h L'LM
was a beautiful, summer-like day. It was
ihe writer's privilege to attend service a*n
Fine mountain, the farthest south of the
Apalachian   system. In   the   orchards
apples were blooming, peaches and plum
bloom far past their prime, and the Georgia mountain violet, the most gorgeous of
her pretty family, coated the ground In
richest purple and blue. The congregation assembles, and while the preacher
leads in prayer the ever-loved blue birds
warble an anthem from tho adjoining
thicket.
The Chicago cottage organ is played in
perfert harmony, by a young lady who
handles the hoe 15 hours a day in spring
anal early summer—a veritable "woman
as* ith the hoe," yet happy in her sphere ano
beautiful in her personal charms; her
nimble fingers and lovely voice add a cheerful tinge to the one and one-half hours
service. The scriptural lesson is one-
half of the 110th Fsalm, anal a 50 minutes sermon on "Searching the Scriptures"
is followed by the (close I communion rite
administered to the limited membership of
Ihe congregation.
After the service comes the coveted hnlf-
hour for sax-ial hand-shakes and neigh-
horhood chat, when the crowd pair oil in
families for the afternoon—the hallowed
Sabbath of rest and recreation—woodland
rambles, closing when Old Snl drops ba*
low the horizon visible from our mountain
Vnobs. away out in Alabama. So "here
we rest."
The day reminds me of the countrv
church my father tells me of in southern
Indiana, where 50 years ago the people
gathered weekly to perform a social and
religious duty in one—with no bell ta. summon the worshippers. There was always
time before and after service for a talk
vCth the neighbors.
The Barn Waa not Rodded.
Editor.  Indiana   Farmer:
Lightning struck my barn yesterday
morning entailing a loss of $2,000, partially
covered by insurance. Twenty-five tons
of hay, and a quantity of corn and oats
were consumed. The barn was imt rodded.
Hobbs,   April  13. I.   Carr.
Z. T. Sweeney, Commissioner of Fisher-
its and Game, has prepared a pamphlet
of the Fish and Game Laws of the State.
It is a handsome booklet of 32 pages;
gives full information concerning the pollution of streams, the use of explosivas.
the lawful and unlawful methods and sea-
Eons of taking fish, as well as the open
and closed seasons upon all game, the
lawful and unlawful killing, possessing
o- transporting of game, to which are
added the amendments by the Legislatur**
of 1903. It contains also the bird law.
with decisions of the court on the game
and fish laws, and considerable matt* _
uot otherwise covered. Persons desiring
copies nf the booklet can obtain same
by enclosing a two cent stamp to Z. T.
Sweeney. Columbus, fad. As manv
copies will be sent as stamps are enclosed.
BURNING CLAY TO MAKE FER-
TII.IZER.
I have been experimenting in makiug
a fertilizer fraam which I have giKnl results, and which I purpose to use largely
this season. It is not original. I saw
an account of it in an agricultural paper
over 28 years ago, and its sliupliness ami
cheapness and, as I believed al the time,
and now I know, it is of Inestimable value
to everyone who tills the soil. Especially
is this the case to the man whose pocket-
book will not admit of buying high-price.1
commercial fertilizers. Take any a*l*i
litter, leaves of trees, old straw, small
brush, trimmings from raspberry and
blackberry bushes, in fact, anything that
will burn, but that is not so largo that lt
will make charcoal, even very small limbs.
say not one-half inch in diameter. File
them up in a good-sized conical heap,
then cover all over with a good a lay loamy
soil or a ha*avy clay soil, if you have it;
(over to tin* depth aaf four to five inches.
A liter all is well covered and Armed il'*wn
with the back of shovel, open ont four
places at opposite sides of pile about 12
Inches in diameter, and start a fire in
them. To give the fire a draft open a
small hole near the top of the pile directly over the fire hole. As soon as fires
nre well started, which will usually be
in a short time, owing something to the
nature nf material, close up all holes
nearly tight, leaving only just sufficient
opening so the fire can burn slowly. A
ROOd-eued pile should be from eight tn
'■'_ days befnre all is oonsumeal. When
this is accomplished mix the whole heap,
the covering aaf earth and the ashes, ni
the bed all thoroughly together and you
have at a trifling cost a large amount ot
excellent   fertilizer.        Tho   princinle      is
It is a matter of regret that Congress
does not accord the Department of Agriculture more power ami authority regar -
ing importatii.n of plants and seeds. Millions of dollars have been and may again
l.a* tost to American farmers through the
importation at nny time of some noxious
weail siid which, in a few years, may
broadcast iiselr over the entire country,
cr from some insect pest which may rav-
aga* tin* lialais of entire States. Most of
auir bad weeds and insas-ts have been Introduced through the more or less careless
importation of seeds and plants, unwelcome introductions which would not have
been made, had there been a rigid inspection by the government.
CLIMATE AM) CHARACTER.
Climate has an undoubted influence on
Ihe character. Persons take from atmos.
beric conditions ami surroundings many
of their mental attributes; they seem to
absorb into their being something akin to
a-limatc an.l environment Those born ami
reared in a ragged, wild ami bleak country ara* generally rugged, hanly and stern
themselves, while tlmse brought up in
a rich, warm ami genial climate ami surroundings are themselves usually of n
generous .easy-going nature.    The London
Evening Standard aaf a recent date, discusses the subject ami sa.vs: "In hm*s
nf the sun, where the earth aaffers the
necessities and luxuries of life almost
without labor, man is sapped of energy,
and leads a lotos existence. No effort
is demanded of him. and the capacity to
alo dwindles within him. He lolls seasn-
oi sly in the lap of nature, a materialist
nnd without ambition."
A temperate, bracing climate is the mnst
healthy  both   fnr  body   and   mind. The
strong air imparts force of character as
well ns power nf limb. N'o one is superior to atmospheric conditions; it affects all,
though sometimes unconsciously. Investigations in schools show that pupils are abl ■
to do their best work when the weather is
cold, calm and clear. In large factories, it is stated that an unpleasant dav
Will reduce the output by ten per cent.
Again, enntinued hot weather invariably
1 rings forth a crop of crimes of passion,
while tha* summer is also the season most
prolific of suicide. Rain seems to exert
a deterrent effect on crime, and fewer
deeds of violence are committed on cloudv
■lays than can bright ones.
Whatever there may be saial to the con-
Ihat the combustion of this material tak- trary the fact is undeniable that climate
ing place slowly underneath its covering■ influences to a remarkable decree chamc
of absorbent a*arth all the elements of ni-   ter and conduct.