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V Garden VOL. LVIII. INDIANAPOLIS, FEB. 14, 1903.—TWENTY PAGES. NO. 7 Studies In Crop Fertilization. Editors Indiana Farmer: We aU understand tliat plant food, that is. tlu* vital Bubstance of manures ami fertilizers, is composed of time materials or elements,—potash, nitrogeu and phosphoric acid; also, we know that these three elements must be used in quantities that bear a certain reference to each other. We know that a crop may require certain amounts of nitrogen, potash ami phosphoric acid, and also if one-half of the potash be taken away, though even the nitrogen and phosphoric acid be doubled, the resulting crop will be only a half crop or less. That is, every pound of nitrogen used by plants in their growth must be accompanied at the same time by certain (.mounts of potash and phosphoric acid. This being true, a very important matter is proper composition of manures and fertilizers; that is, the correct proportioning of the plant food elements for any particular crop. The actual plant food need of crops is very clearly shown by the chemical analysis of the crop. In* this we must take the whole crop, as plant food is just as necessary for the stalks and straw as for the salable portions of the crop, and the one eannot be grown without the other. Reckined in this sense, we gi<-e herewith the actual plant food contained in good crops per acre, of the more widely cultivated plants. .Phosphoric Nitrogen. Potash. Acid. Beets ino lbs. 221 lbs. 20 lbs. Buckwheat 00 lbs. 44 lbs. 16 lbs. Corn 110 lbs. 78 lbs. 58 lbs. Oats 62 lbs. 61 lbs. 24 lba. Potatoes 89 lbs. 109 lbs. 20 lbs. Tlmotliv 129 lbs. 107 lbs. 39 lbs. Wheat 57 lbs. 30 lbs. 24 lbs. It will be noticed that there is a wide variation in the total amounts of plant food, due to the fact that some of these crops produce an acre yield many times lhat of others. Also, all crops of the clover family are omitted, as they store up atmospheric nitrogen, and therefore contain plant food over and above that actually necessary for their growth. On this very account, fertilizers contain less nitrogen than the crops they are intended to grow, as compared with the potash and rhosphoic acid, simply because the clover is meant to supply rather cheaply too, more or less plant food nitrogen. There is one more point to take into consideration. Phosphoric acid when supplied to the soil very quickly takes insoluable forms, which means in effect, that it has become largely unavailable as plant food. On this account, the amount actually contained in the crop is donbled in judging a fertilizer for same, this as a rough sort of compensation for this tendency towards raking insoluble forms. It is not very accurate, but it is all we have, and its error in all probability is on the safe side. Omitting the nitrogen in the above table, and doubling the prosphoric acid, we have the potash and phosphoric acid needs about as follows: Phosphoric Potash. Acid. Beets 221 lbs. 40 Ihe. Buckwheat 44 lbs. 32 lba. corn 78 lbs. 116 lbs. Outs 61 lbs. 48 lbs. Potatoes 109 lbs. 40 lbs. Timothy 107 lbs. 78 lbs. Wbeat 30 lbs. 48 lbs. This final table gives a key for a systematic study of crop fertilizers. From tame we can figure out about what the arraysis of a fertilizer ought to be for any given crop in general cultivation, bnt it is a question how many farmers will take the tronb'e to do so, important though it is. V. J. Lance. The Circular Ideal Barn. Bdltora Indiana Farmer: We wish to call your attention again to ilie "Circular barn," as perfected by us. ■•- shown on this page of the Indiana ("armer. While the history of circular construction, has been successfully work- • d out. and it could be done in no other •.•ay (hair tn apply the circular formation tind then develop a means of construction that would conform to its peculiar shape and furnish a strong, light style of Ideal Circular Barn—Elevation. barn construction is of very recent date, we n-evetheless offer the complete solution of the entire problem. We have successfully met and overcome every objectionable feature that has been advanced against the circular barn, and now offer framing, where a few light timbers make .i strong, durable structure. The most prominent features of the •'Circular barn" are as follows: 1. A greater capacity, with the same amount of material used, than any other creased or diminished to any required rite without affecting the form of construction in the least. •1. The simplicity and ease with which hay inn be stored away. By using the "Fen-is" self-returning hay carrier, which nperatea on a circular track, the barn can In* filled entirely full with great ease. The eelf-returning hay carrier was invented •*i meet this apecial form Of building, ami is a most decided success in every particular. 5, The eaae hy which the plan and general arrangement can be adjusted to suit the requirements of any department of stock husbandry. 8. limit strength of roof and side walls, Insuring against the dangers of leavy wimis and tornadoes. 7. Graceful outline and symmetry of proportion. 8, Kvery principal of construction is based on* science, and combines simplicity, cheapness and strength. 0. No roof to sag or settle out of shape and become unsightly. 10. No sides nor ends to bulge out. Just as well talk about bulging the sides tf a well hooped barrel, for the barn is built a!', the way through on this principal. 11. Is equally well adapted to all kinds of roofing materials, whether wood, slate or metal. In fact every advantage can be claimed lhat it is possible to incorporate in barn planning and building. Pendleton, Ind. Detraz & Steele. Ideal Circular Barn—Ground Plan. the accompanying elevation and ground plan, for the thoughtful consideration of farmers, stockmen, ranchmen and breeders. Modern barn* building, which must consist of some form of "Balloon frame" torm of construction. 2. A vast, unobstructed mow space, there being no timbers whatever of any kind to form an obstruction, the roof being entirely self-supporting. 3. The capacity of the barn can be in- What Kind of Timber Must we Grow? Kdltors Indiana Fanner: Only lately have I become converted to the idea of timber growing, which I now think ought to become a general thing, where the farm is of much size, say 30 or more acres. On our farm we have a cow lot pretty well covered with underbrush, which is- in the shape of a flat iron, which I want to square up and plant to timber. I think I will plant black locust mostlv, as they will make good fence posts ami sprout enough to make a permanent timber lot without much trouble. As then* is* about one half acre of swamp which cannot be ditched without great expense 1 expect to stick it full of yellow willow cutlings. which will do for fire wood, though it is not the best. We could use the blue willow, but it does not grow so fast as the yellow willow. C. A. B. St. Joseph Co. —For quick growing post timber, especially for posts, you cannot do better than to plant the hardy catalpa and black locust. Small trees can be bought for $1 per hundred, and less by the thousand. The American Chestnut is a rapid grower, comes into bearing early, ami is a durable wood for posts or rails, and the nuts in a few years would make the trees too valuable to use for any other purpose. The soft maple grows well in moist soil, and we think would make more and better- wood than the willow. Putnam county's new court house is tn have a largo room devoted to the use of farmers and their families, where they may have a resting place of their own, and thanks to nobody, while in town. It is an excellent idea. Remonstrances against the proposed change in the Nicholson law were signed in hundreds of churches last Snnday. They are having their effect in the Legislature, and the bill will not be passe,1, even in the House, it is believed.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1903, v. 58, no. 07 (Feb. 14) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA5807 |
Date of Original | 1903 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-03-21 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | V Garden VOL. LVIII. INDIANAPOLIS, FEB. 14, 1903.—TWENTY PAGES. NO. 7 Studies In Crop Fertilization. Editors Indiana Farmer: We aU understand tliat plant food, that is. tlu* vital Bubstance of manures ami fertilizers, is composed of time materials or elements,—potash, nitrogeu and phosphoric acid; also, we know that these three elements must be used in quantities that bear a certain reference to each other. We know that a crop may require certain amounts of nitrogen, potash ami phosphoric acid, and also if one-half of the potash be taken away, though even the nitrogen and phosphoric acid be doubled, the resulting crop will be only a half crop or less. That is, every pound of nitrogen used by plants in their growth must be accompanied at the same time by certain (.mounts of potash and phosphoric acid. This being true, a very important matter is proper composition of manures and fertilizers; that is, the correct proportioning of the plant food elements for any particular crop. The actual plant food need of crops is very clearly shown by the chemical analysis of the crop. In* this we must take the whole crop, as plant food is just as necessary for the stalks and straw as for the salable portions of the crop, and the one eannot be grown without the other. Reckined in this sense, we gi<-e herewith the actual plant food contained in good crops per acre, of the more widely cultivated plants. .Phosphoric Nitrogen. Potash. Acid. Beets ino lbs. 221 lbs. 20 lbs. Buckwheat 00 lbs. 44 lbs. 16 lbs. Corn 110 lbs. 78 lbs. 58 lbs. Oats 62 lbs. 61 lbs. 24 lba. Potatoes 89 lbs. 109 lbs. 20 lbs. Tlmotliv 129 lbs. 107 lbs. 39 lbs. Wheat 57 lbs. 30 lbs. 24 lbs. It will be noticed that there is a wide variation in the total amounts of plant food, due to the fact that some of these crops produce an acre yield many times lhat of others. Also, all crops of the clover family are omitted, as they store up atmospheric nitrogen, and therefore contain plant food over and above that actually necessary for their growth. On this very account, fertilizers contain less nitrogen than the crops they are intended to grow, as compared with the potash and rhosphoic acid, simply because the clover is meant to supply rather cheaply too, more or less plant food nitrogen. There is one more point to take into consideration. Phosphoric acid when supplied to the soil very quickly takes insoluable forms, which means in effect, that it has become largely unavailable as plant food. On this account, the amount actually contained in the crop is donbled in judging a fertilizer for same, this as a rough sort of compensation for this tendency towards raking insoluble forms. It is not very accurate, but it is all we have, and its error in all probability is on the safe side. Omitting the nitrogen in the above table, and doubling the prosphoric acid, we have the potash and phosphoric acid needs about as follows: Phosphoric Potash. Acid. Beets 221 lbs. 40 Ihe. Buckwheat 44 lbs. 32 lba. corn 78 lbs. 116 lbs. Outs 61 lbs. 48 lbs. Potatoes 109 lbs. 40 lbs. Timothy 107 lbs. 78 lbs. Wbeat 30 lbs. 48 lbs. This final table gives a key for a systematic study of crop fertilizers. From tame we can figure out about what the arraysis of a fertilizer ought to be for any given crop in general cultivation, bnt it is a question how many farmers will take the tronb'e to do so, important though it is. V. J. Lance. The Circular Ideal Barn. Bdltora Indiana Farmer: We wish to call your attention again to ilie "Circular barn," as perfected by us. ■•- shown on this page of the Indiana ("armer. While the history of circular construction, has been successfully work- • d out. and it could be done in no other •.•ay (hair tn apply the circular formation tind then develop a means of construction that would conform to its peculiar shape and furnish a strong, light style of Ideal Circular Barn—Elevation. barn construction is of very recent date, we n-evetheless offer the complete solution of the entire problem. We have successfully met and overcome every objectionable feature that has been advanced against the circular barn, and now offer framing, where a few light timbers make .i strong, durable structure. The most prominent features of the •'Circular barn" are as follows: 1. A greater capacity, with the same amount of material used, than any other creased or diminished to any required rite without affecting the form of construction in the least. •1. The simplicity and ease with which hay inn be stored away. By using the "Fen-is" self-returning hay carrier, which nperatea on a circular track, the barn can In* filled entirely full with great ease. The eelf-returning hay carrier was invented •*i meet this apecial form Of building, ami is a most decided success in every particular. 5, The eaae hy which the plan and general arrangement can be adjusted to suit the requirements of any department of stock husbandry. 8. limit strength of roof and side walls, Insuring against the dangers of leavy wimis and tornadoes. 7. Graceful outline and symmetry of proportion. 8, Kvery principal of construction is based on* science, and combines simplicity, cheapness and strength. 0. No roof to sag or settle out of shape and become unsightly. 10. No sides nor ends to bulge out. Just as well talk about bulging the sides tf a well hooped barrel, for the barn is built a!', the way through on this principal. 11. Is equally well adapted to all kinds of roofing materials, whether wood, slate or metal. In fact every advantage can be claimed lhat it is possible to incorporate in barn planning and building. Pendleton, Ind. Detraz & Steele. Ideal Circular Barn—Ground Plan. the accompanying elevation and ground plan, for the thoughtful consideration of farmers, stockmen, ranchmen and breeders. Modern barn* building, which must consist of some form of "Balloon frame" torm of construction. 2. A vast, unobstructed mow space, there being no timbers whatever of any kind to form an obstruction, the roof being entirely self-supporting. 3. The capacity of the barn can be in- What Kind of Timber Must we Grow? Kdltors Indiana Fanner: Only lately have I become converted to the idea of timber growing, which I now think ought to become a general thing, where the farm is of much size, say 30 or more acres. On our farm we have a cow lot pretty well covered with underbrush, which is- in the shape of a flat iron, which I want to square up and plant to timber. I think I will plant black locust mostlv, as they will make good fence posts ami sprout enough to make a permanent timber lot without much trouble. As then* is* about one half acre of swamp which cannot be ditched without great expense 1 expect to stick it full of yellow willow cutlings. which will do for fire wood, though it is not the best. We could use the blue willow, but it does not grow so fast as the yellow willow. C. A. B. St. Joseph Co. —For quick growing post timber, especially for posts, you cannot do better than to plant the hardy catalpa and black locust. Small trees can be bought for $1 per hundred, and less by the thousand. The American Chestnut is a rapid grower, comes into bearing early, ami is a durable wood for posts or rails, and the nuts in a few years would make the trees too valuable to use for any other purpose. The soft maple grows well in moist soil, and we think would make more and better- wood than the willow. Putnam county's new court house is tn have a largo room devoted to the use of farmers and their families, where they may have a resting place of their own, and thanks to nobody, while in town. It is an excellent idea. Remonstrances against the proposed change in the Nicholson law were signed in hundreds of churches last Snnday. They are having their effect in the Legislature, and the bill will not be passe,1, even in the House, it is believed. |
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