VOL. XXI.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND., SATURDAY, NOV. 6,1886
NO 45
A DEAIH PIPE BAB.
Tbe diagram shown below 1b for an
easily constructed bar for a drain pipe, to
prevent the ingress of rats or other large
sources of obstruction. It may be constructed of wood, and lined with tin or
sheet iron and well jointed. The drain
pipe "B" is surrounded with this box,
"A," which is flanged outward at an angle
of about 60 degrees, and having across the
mouth a grating made of heavy wire.
This may  be secured  with himr-*»  at the
top, thus 'admitting the grating to be
raised, and also admitting egress to a rat
without permitting ingress; or the wires
may be secured permanently, with small
staples at each end. The construction may
be varied according to the fancy or ability
of the maker, and by varying the arrangement of the wires, as by using sieve wire
cloth of various sized openings, any sort
of solid obstruction may be prevented, as
leaves, small sticks, straws.etc. It should,
of oourse, be attached to the open end of
the drain, and if both ends are favorably
situated for ingress, one should be attached to each end It is better tn bring
the bottom of the drain pipe close to the
bettom board of tbe box, as in the dia
gram. The diagram sufficiently explains
'v   construction.
Written (or tbe Indians Farmer.
Some Indiana Butterflies.—No.
BY W. 8. BLAT.'HLEY.
2.
, Concluded.]
8CB family NymphalAna;.
The butterflies belonging to the genus
Argynuis ot this sub-family can always be
told by the numerous round and triangular silver spots on the under Bide of hind
wings.
11. Argynnisidalia, Not common. A
large fly with upper surface of fore wings
dark orange yellow, bordered with a narrow outer and front band of black. A
black zigzag line crosses the wing near the
center, and between this and outer border
is a row of seven black dots and a row of
crescents of same color. Hind wings,
black, with a row of white and an outer
row of orange colored spots. The under
side of hind wings is the color of dead
leaves, and contains 29 silver spots. The
female is larger than the male, and has a
row of white spots near outer edge of fore
wings, and both rows on hind wings
white. Mature larva, "velvety black,
banded and striped with ochrey yellow,
changing to dull  orange or  red, and fur
nished with six rows of velvety, fleshy
spines, each of which has several small
black bristles." Food plant, violets. But
six or eight specimens of this butterfly
were seen. They were found in low, open
grounds near streams, during the first
half of July.
12. Argynnis cybele. Next to colias phi-
lodice the most abundant butterfly from
May 20th until frost. Large, with basal
half of all wings orange-brown and outer
half orange-yellow. The zigzag line, row
of dots and row of crescents on outer half
of fore wings as in A. idalia. On hind
wings the dots and crescents are repeated,
but are smaller. Aoout 25 silver spots on
under side of hind wings, fourteen of
which are arranged in two rows, of seven
each, with a wide yellowish band between
them. The female is larger than the
male, and has the basal half of the wings
a much darker brown. Mature larva,
"velvety black above, chocolate-brown be-
neath,with six rows of slender black spines
which are reddish yellow at the base, and
beset with many short, black bristles."
The eggs are laid in August, hatch in
14 days, and the larva? after moulting once
or twice cease to feed and pass the winter
without farther change. In the spring as
soon ss the violets on which they live,peep
above the ground they begin feeding
again, and after moulting twice or three
times they form a chrysalis from which
they emerge in 24 days. Thus the whole
operation from the laying of the egg to the
hatching of the perfect insect occmpies
about 40 weeks. In any clover field, in
June, vast numbers of this species may be
seen gathering honey and chasing one another from bloom te bloom. Later on in
the season they are to be found wherever
there are thistles or iron weeds.
13. Argynnis alcestus. Rue. From a
view of upper side this butterfly cannot be
told from A. cybele, but on under side the
hind wings are dark cinnamon brown,
without a yellow band between the two
rows of silver spots. Mature larva, "velvety black with six rows of spines beset
with bristles. Spines of the two lateral
rows dull yellow from the base half way
to the top; tops of all the spines black."
The larva? feed on violets. But one specimen of this butterfly was taken, and that
in an open field on July 1st.
14. Euptoiea claudia. Rare. This butterfly also resembles the male of A. cybele,
but can be easily distinguished by having
no silver spots on under side of hind
wings. In addition to black zigzag line
and row of spots which cross fore wings,
all wings are crossed near the center by a
pale yellowish band. Under side of fore
wings with basal half dark orange-yellow
and outer half pale. Under side of hind
wings brown with a central and outer band
of whitish color. Mature larva, "orange
ochre, striped longitudinally with black,
which is almost concealed by white spots.
Six rows of blue-black spines thickly beset with fine, short, black bristles." Food
plants, violets, passion flowers, may apple
and sedum. Two specimens of this fly
were taken from open fields on the 10th of
August, and two more were seen in town
about the 1st of October.
15. Melitaiaphieton. A medium-sized
fly,the wings expanding about two Inches.
All the wings are black above with a row
of orange-yellow dots near outer edge and
some larger spots of  same color near base.
They are also crossed on outer half by two
rows of pale yellow or whitish spots.   The
under side has the spots of upper side enlarged and  repeated, and near the base of
hind  wings are six, large, orange-yellow
spots.   Mature larva, "with first three ai d
last three joints black, the others reddish
brown striped with black.   Seven rows of
long, tapering, black spines."   This is the
only butterfly in Indiana whose larva, live
in colonies,  in webs  of  their  own  construction.   These  webs are woven on the
food plants and the larva- enter into them
about the middle of July, where, after
feeding until they have moulted the third
time, they ' pass the   winter.   As  soon as
their food  plant comes  up in the spring,
they emerge and feed for some time before
forming a chrysalis.   The  food plants are
found in low grounds  only and consist of
snake-head or turtle-head,   monkey flow
er, and arrowwood.   But live or six specimens of  this  fly were seen.   They were
found in low, open fields about July 10th.
16    Phyciodes  nycleis.   A rather  small
butterfly with base and outer tbird of  all
wings black;  the central area  being reddish  brown.     A  row  of orange-yellow
spots with  black center  crosses the outer
half of  hind wings.   Under side of  hind
wings  with a row of silvery  spots  near
base,  a  central  yellowish  band,  and  a
brown band  near outer margin on which
are silver spots.   Mature larva', "blackish-
brown above and greenish-brown beneath,
armed  with  seven   rows of stout, black
spines."   Food  plants,  asters, wild sunflowers, and actinomeris.   This  butterfly
is very oommon in the vicinity of streams
and about muddy places in roads often in
company with Ooliax philodice.
17. Pltyciodts theros. Very abundant
from the middle of May until frost. Found
in low wet places in company with /'.
nycteis which it closely resembles, but is
smaller. Upper side of all wings reddish-
brown with rather broad black border.ancl
having near base some narrow, interlaced,
black lines. Under side of fore wings
orange-yellow with four black spots, two
near front and two near high margin.
Under side of hind wings, light yellow,
with outer edge of brown. Two forms of
this species are recognized by scientists,but
they differ but slightly. Mature larva,
"dark-brewn dotted with yellow, and beset with seven rows of spines." Food
plants, wild asters —To be continued.
Indiana University.
try combined; and how little it was represented In and protected by the government. Be said the time was close at hand
when the scale would be turned by tbe
work of suoh organizations as these and
the Farmers' National Congress. In view
of an election that was to be held the following week the subject, is it just and
right to vote a tax to a private corporation
without the consent of those who pay the
tax, was discussed at considerable length;
and from the drift of the argument it
seems that it is a law that needs to bo
numbered with the repealed.
Mr. K Spencer, of Rush county, made a
motion that was carried, that the societies
of Rush and Decatur be-united; and that
Bartholomew and Shelby counties be invited to come in, [Bartholomew and
Shelby farmers please notice], so as to be
in conjunction with the State Association.
And for tbat purpose R. Spencer, of Rush
oounty, and Ii. F. Bennett, of Decatur
county, were chosen to draw up articles of
association; and Lee McDanials and T. N.
Link, of Rush, Luther Donnelland Lyman
L. Mobley, cf Decatur, were selected as au
executive committee.
At the dose of the meeting Mr. George
Reeves, president of the Rush Oounty Association made a short speech thanking
the farmers of Decatur for their hospitality
and hoping that this would be but the beginning of many such meetings.
Thos. E. Hamilton, Sec'y.
Rush and Decatur Oounty Farmers'
Association.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
By invitation, the Farmers' and Stock
Growers' Association of Rush county met
the Agricultural and Live Stock Breeders'
Association of Decatur county, at Greensburg, Oct. 23d. The meeting was opened
with an address of welcome by B. F. Bennett, of Decatur and responded to by Dr.
Arnold, of Rush; after which Hon. Lee
Mc Daniels, one of the most prominent and
practical farmers of Rush county addressed
the meeting on the subject, The interest of
the farmer in general. Mr. McDaniels
being a ready speaker handled the subject
in a masterly way. Be showed by actual
figures the greatness of the agricultural
interest above all other branches of indus-
Seed Corn.
Editors Indiana Fanner:
Almost every year we hear complaint
from different souroes, of trouble from poor
seed corn. All this is wrong. Every careful farmer should always save his seed
from the field very early. Take a bag and
go through the field as soon as the corn
begins to glaze, select the earliest and
most perfect ears, those with straight
rows, deep head kernels, and well filled
at both ends, the rariety, a pure white or
pure jyellow as desired. Strip off the
husks, leaving only enough to tie two
ears of corn together, and hang over a
wire or a limb of a tree until dry, it
should not hang or lay against a board or
on the floor, or be left long with the husk
on, or it will heat and destroy the germ.
Hang so the air will touch each kernel.
Never lay near a stable or manure pile, or
a wheat bin, or the gas will spoil it.
Hang under an airy shed in the open air,
so it will become fully dry before any
freeze. A good coal smoke, as in the top
of a blacksmith shop, will cure it quickly,
and render it proof against worms or squirrels, after planting. Seed thus saved early
will come up quicker, grow stronger and
ripen earlier than if saved late.
I find great trouble here in Nebraska to
get a good basket. One of our old-fashioned ash or oak splint baskets will outlast a dozen of the kind sold here. Now if
some of our readers in the timber country would ship out a car load of hard-wood
logs here to Hastings, and work them up
into first-class baskets, they would certainly make some money at it, and build up
a permanent business. Hastings City is
only thirteen years old, with 10,000 inhabitants, six railroads, and more in prospect.
It is in the midst of a great corn growing
and stock country. Money is always
plenty here at nine and ten per cent.
Hastings Is the oounty seat of Adams
oounty. J. W. F.
Hansen, Nebraska.