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VOL. XXI.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND., SATURDAY, OCT. 2,1886
NO 40
THE WORLD'S WHEAT.
The Wheat <} nest ion from all Wheat
Producing Countries.
We think It far most satisfactory to give
our readers the facts so far as we can obtain them in regard to crop productions,
and let them draw their own conclusions,
rather than give dogmatic advice. Any
intelligent man prefers this, and so we
give here, In a condensed form, the latest
and what we think most reliable reports
regarding the world's wheat crops.
UNITED STATES.
The official and other estimates generally
agree that this oountry has produced 335,-
000,000 bushels. It is believed that our
surplus for export will be about 100,000,000
bushels.
GREAT BRITAIN.
The crop of 1886 Is put at 60,000,000 bushels, against 79,632,000 last year. Thla it Is
said indicates that that country will have
to import 148,000,000 bushels to supply
their usual demands. Usually a large pur
cent of this demand has been drawn from
this oountry.
CROP IN RUSSIA.
The wheat crop is considerably short of
the usual average, but is fair in Roumania.
Latest estimates pnt the Russian crop lit
tie over half the usual one produced
there, but ln Russian Poland it is five per
oent above an average, and that makes the
crop probably three quarters. So it is not
likely that there will be much for export.
AUSTRIA AND HUNGARY.
The crop is estimated at 25 to 30 per cent
short of last year's, or 16,000,000 below an
average one, and that there will be no
wheat for export, but on the contrary,
imports will have to make up the deficiency for home consumption.
FRANCE.
Since the last years harvest France has
been compelled to import 17,256,000 bushels. The crop this year is said to be 250,-
000 000 bushels against 207,000,000 bushels
last year, and so this oountry will require
the importation of about 40,000,000 bushels.
GERMANY.
Both the wheat and rye crops are decidedly short of those of last year, and the
potato crop Is also short. It is now estimated that at least 12,000,000 bushels will
have to be imported.
BELGIUM.
Here also the wheat and rye crops are
below average ones, and it is estimated
that 18,000,000 bushels will have to be imported. The oountry imported 21,000,000
to June 30th last, tor last years deficiency.
HOLLAND.
The short crops of rye and potatoes will
make it necessary to import about 8,000,-
000 bushels.
ITALY AND SWITZERLAND.
Italy last season imported 16,000,000
bushels. The crop is much better than
that of last year, and it is estimated that
only 8,000,000 bushels will require to be
imported.
It is estimated that the usual importation of 12,000,000 bu. wiU be required in
Switzerland.
AUSTRALIA AND CHILI.
These countries have bad crops, and will
require 8,000,000 bnshels.
SPAIN AND PORTUGAL.
The wheat crop in  Spain   is said to be
good, about 10,400,000 bushels above the
average. But the two countries will need
about 4,000,000 bushels more than they
have produced.
GREECE AND SWEDEN.
These two countries will require to import about 6,000,000 bushels to supply their
wants.
CHINA AND WEST INDIA.
These countries will have to import
about 20,000,000 bushels, and their supplies
heretofore have been obtained in the
United States.
INDIA.
The crop is reported not so large as last
year, when 44,000,000 bushels were exported, mostly to England. But it is estimated that with old stocks on hand, India
will export about the same as last year.
This Is believed to be a fair summary of
the wheat crop outlook of the world for
1886, These estimates are worth the careful study of the readers of the Farmer, as
they indicate the future of wheat.
%<iw Jkpavtwcut.
BY VINSON CARTER, ESQ., THIS CITY.
What is the la w on one n eighbor's turkeys
running on another's farm ? Sub.
The owner is liable for any damage the
turkeys may do.
A rents all of B's tillable land, including
meadow, for a share of what he raises. Is
not A entitled to cut and thresh the clover
seed the same as other grain?      J. M. C.
Dunreith.
Yes.
A wishes to purchase a certain article at
a public sale; B bids in the property for
A. B gives his note, with A as security,
and they both use the property jointly,
but the understanding is that A pays for
the property in question. Query: Can B
sell the property and retain the proceeds
according to law? Dot.
No.
In answer to queries by C. E. P.: The
school trustees of an incorporated town
have full charge and control of all school
matters, such as employing and paying
teachers, and a majority of such school
trustees may act, and their act Is binding.
It would be very unoourteous treatment
for the secretary and treasurer to hold a
meeting without notice to the president,
yet their acts would not for this reason be
invalid.
A and B own farms joining; there was a
line fence; B refused to repair his share of
the fence; A repaired all of the fence and
set it on his own ground, bow must A
notify B any certain length of time before
he can throw the ends open.
A Subscriber.
A must give six months notice before
throwing open the inclosure, but he must
not ao so at a time when a growing crop
would thereby be exposed.
A leases B 40 acres for eight years, B to
clear and fence the same in 10 acre fields
with an eight rail fence to be In good shape
at expiration of lease. The lease began
March 1, 1879. Now B proposes to sow it
all to wheat this fall, and claims aU the
crop will belong to him. Is that law or is
A entitled to rents, the custom of the
neighborhood, in next crop of wheat?
Can A hold any part of the crop for non-
completion of lease, as to fencing, B being
worth but Uttle property. X.
A will be entitled to possession of tbe
land on March 1,1887, and if B sows wheat
in the fall of 1886 without A's consent he
will not be entitled to the crop of wheat
in 1887, the wheat will belong to A. A
cannot hold crop for non-fulfillment of
contract, but he may sue B for damages.
A and B have adjoining farms; a ditch
was established under the law of the State,
and both A and B have equal rights to
drainage into the same. In order for A to
get an outlet for his ditch he is compelled
to tile a short distance through B's land,
B's land needing a tile anyhow, where A
has to run his tile for his outlet. Can A
compel B to pay for that part of the tile
that is laid on B's land?
Owensville. A Subscriber.
No.
1. Is a man liable for what his team does
by running away, if the man does all he
can to hold them ? If they run into my
buggy ar,d break it up, who pays the
damage?
2. Can a man put a barb wire fence between him and his neighbor if his neighbor
objects to it, and thinks his cattle would
get hurt by the fence? A Reader.
Elkhart.
1. If the team runs away without any
negligence on the part of the owner, that
is, the injury is caused by avoidable accident, the owner is not liable for the damage caused thereby; but if the owner has
been negligent in any way, such as leaving his team unhitched or unattended, he
would then be Uable.
2. He may put the wire fence up so that
it is all on his own land.
glxe gairtj.
It is confidently believed that if the oleomargarine law is faithfuUy executed that
we shaU within a year see a sharp upward
turn in the dairy interests in this country,
and an advance of dairy stock.
 .
With intelligence and patience, a dairy
herd can be more satisfactorily bred than
bought. A few good animals to start with
and a pure bred sire of milk strain will
insure success if good judgment be exercised.
DAIBT EXPERIMENTS III CANADA.
Prof. Brown, of the Ontario Agricultural College, in the Dairyman gives some
noted facts respecting his grass experiments, from wbich we make some ex
tracts: "The pasture seeded down in 1884
is still holding two cows per acre easily,
and producing at the rate of 7,392 lbs. of
milk per season of five and one-half
months by oommon grade cows—cows
which under any conditions never give
over 25 lbs. per head daily. Were they
Holsteins, Ayrshires or Shorthorns, the
season's produce would amont to 14,000
lbs. of milk per acre. The two oommon
six-year-old cows ln this experiment are
also adding to tbeir weight at the daily
rate of fully three quarters of a pound
each, which therefore may become an unfavorable future of this pasture; for so far
as known, matured oows in full milk on
ordinary pasture hold their own good-condition weight only, and may reduce rather
than increase in flesh.
"The rush of growth became so stiong
in the last week of May that, rather than
mow so early, we added three two-year-
old heifers to the four steers for a week in
order to keep pasture within sweet conditions.   These heifers had to be removed
to avoid the seasoning trouble, but we now
realize that it would have been better to
purchase six steer in place of four, as
under proper management heavy stocking
is better than allowing plants to seed and
become rank. As it was, we kept under
by mowing and mulching the early grasses
on 11th June. I am of opinion that our
mixture contains too much clover, and as
cattle prefer good grasses to clover our
future recommendations will have to note
this among other things. Why cattle also
often choose dandelion and prefer the
maturer but unseeded grasses on the outside of a field as against the more tender
and less branchy ones of the like kinds in
the closer condition of the crop, we have
yet to learn precisely.
"The four steers are not able to keep
down the four acres (or rather the three
and one-fifth acres of fully oovered ground)
which are divided into two tields of two
acres each, the cattle being rotated weekly
and receiving unlimited water and rock
salt. No grain and no tup dressing has
been given. The rain, which fell on 17
days during the period, amounted to 5 017
inches; maximum temperature in the
shade, 89.8°; minimum, 33 3°; mean, 60.47°.
•'These ordinary Shorthorn grade steers
have made an average daily gain of 3 03
lbs. per head from 20th May to 31st July.
This Is at the rate of 3.79 lbs. per acre per
day, or 625 lbs. of beef on foot per acre per
season of 165 days.
"That these facts will surprise many we
do sincerely hope, and that they may have
to be reduced when several years' experience is gathered is not unlikely. Meantime is the future to be $58 for dairy produce, or $31 for beef per acre per summer?"
PASTtJHING AND SOILING.
Prof. Henry of the Wisoonsin Agricultural College farm mentions that six cows
were kept, three by pasturing and three by
soiling: The result was a product of 1,779
pounds of milk from one acre of pasture,
producing 82 pounds of butter, while one
acre in soiling crops gave him 4,782 pounds
of milk, which made 196 pounds of butter.
The pasture was one of the best blue grass
pastures, capable of carrying a cow per acre
through the season under favorable weather conditions.
In conclusion, we would hazard the assertion, based upon our own observation
throughout New England, that already
more than one half of the successful dairymen practice soiling or stall-feeding to a
greater or less extent, and do not depend
solely upon pasture feed from the opening
to the closing of the season. We recommend, however, the advice of the Dairyman to beginners to "Start easy on a small
scale and increase or decrease crops of pasture as they find it pays."
THB FAIRS.
One of the best county fairs in Indiana
wiU be held at Vincennes October 11 to 16.
An industrial parade, hre works, illuminations, excursions, etc., are some of the
features. Gerard Reiter, Sec'y.
Grand closing fair of the Eastern Indiana Circuit will be held at Ligonier, October 12 to 15, 1886. A splendid show of
horses and cattle. AU departments will
have some special features and wUl be exceedingly fine.      J. H. Hoffman, Sec'y.