VOL. XXXI.
INDIANAPOLIS, IND., JULY 11, 1896.
NO. 28
EXPERIENCE DEPARTMENT
HOW DO YOU SAVE AND USB
MANURE? -
How to Bave a Great Money Maker
on the Farm.
Land Plaster an Essential Preserver
of the Ammonia.
and one horse, take the manure to the
field'as you have a load.
Decatur Co.     •      W. W. Hamilton.
Ut Premium.—In order to save all the
manure possible I think it necessary to
bave all stable floors cemented or grouted
and then use plenty ot good straw as an
absorbent. The manure yard adjoining
the barn shonld be covered, preferably
with a steel roof which can be nearly flat
Have the posts long enough so that a
scaffold can be put In, which will fnrnlsh
itorage room for all straw or fodder used
__s bedding. By this method the straw is
nice and dry for nse at all times. A large
warm shed is thus furnished which gives
a chance to turn stockoutof the'ir stables
all day long. This cannot be done ln the
ordinary barn yard in cold weather and
is In my estimation a great advantage,
liy being able to turn out yonr stock all
day the manure ls kept well tramped.
This prevents to agreat extent the oxidation which sets free the ammonia. There
art tiro kinds of ferments which* are pro-
dac«dT>y^*«»-*--£|---^**£^^
maerobie. The aerobic llv-e. ln'th^Uf *_d*F_fffi_
sd produce the ,undwl»b)e'-rfp_rme"-£s? "~~
' - ana«ro6iV^*SI^}^n^tjl^v-^fn-Ifii
sir and produce t^'^ermenj.desired: "'if-
the manure Is^elPtTamr^;fl_ej-fr iVe__^
lnded and; ike. desirahje'fexm&n ta?io_i
akes place.'iThe slabfo ~sh<«-i"d he fitted;
n-lth gutter's.for'.c^yrs/ara-'should be)
leaned daily, biitj^Or ^steer^'-ajid ,pthe|
-attle no_ k~*|ttor-Jft^eqnIiJ-^--iMd brie ox
two cleaningk pefweaK wijt-inffice ft in*
•onvenleal.- to 1;Tewi hftene^^ir^fatf^A
-xpenslvev liberal 'ua.&o'f lsrmJ faster'is
ulvUed:~Hrhls 'keep9^ftSr*sJabIe\aVee{
ind clean ahd alsOs pre*^nte-an'-^lO_sa^f
immonia. At intervals of'tWoiofethr^
reeks as the weather and'clioums.ianceif
-eimlt, the .accumulated aaunre^fhould
e taken to the* field In tended to bepnf
nto corn tha. following eprldg,jt&4 aca'tj
ered at once, care. being '-taken "not to
preadany-on side. hUls* when covered
• ith snow, as'serioqB loss may folioV bjf
udden thawB Another point tobe. borne
i mind is don't attempt to haul manure
hen the ground is soft and WetJfl.i.C--se
ou have mbre: manure' than lyon can
tofitably usgj^on corn .ground, Jiold li
ntil you have cut yonr hay and apply ii
here yon in Intend tq put corn the next
car. The Important-points theninsav-
g and using manure -are: lst. Have
onr stable floors do tight that there is no
ance for loss ln that direction. 2d. Use
abundance of good bedding. 3d. Store
oar manure under cover and keep it
ell trampedr-4th.- t/se a liberal amount
land paster. 5th.."Put your manure
the land to beplowed-for corn as soon
possibleafter-heingm'ade. -j--„ .*■•.
Purdue Ex, Stn. *-''•_:-A*G.'Abbott. -
2d PremlunLf-Answering Question Na
>Jnly lith^.in the Isbxasa-Fabmeb,
low do you use" manure?". I will say:
"e save manure"--by letting it remaiA
here it is made. .Our sheds in which we
«d cattle or "mules," are~Jtr6m'a) to 40 feet
"00 to Wtf feet ""^eLhaul,from these
n sheds direct to the .fleldsrfrom the
~ae the corn ls cut »ndShocked,, until
owing time In -heiprihg^rWe belieye
e sooner It Is pat on the land, the bet-
ri and leas IosfC'Spreit-Wt-ready for
owing under.' The fall and earl r spring
T« the best 'results, hut wonld rather
ow It under late in* the spring, and the
me day it is drawn out. to the field than
■ it lay over.  If you have but one cow
,*-   <-.  "
3d Premium.—I haul manure ont and
spread it as fast as it accumulates. I find
the field is the best place to save it. I
think it is a great waste to pitch manure
out doors ln a heap and let it lay there
nntil it smokes and heats. Tbe nitrogen
and ammonia—the most valuable constituents of the manure are volatile, and
will be driven upward and off into the atmosphere if the manure is plied up and
is permitted to become "fired." And
rains miy fall upon It and leach the
strength all out, and thus after evaporation of nitrogen and ammonia by heating,
and leaching out the remaining strength,
by rains, scarcely anything is left except
a pile of trash that is hardly worth hauling out. I give my stock enough bedding
night and morning to absorb every drop
of urine, because I have learned that one
halt the fertility of manure is contained
in the liquid portion of it. I keep plenty
of straw and sawdust on hand for this
purpose. I use all the refuse litter from
the manger, being careful io allow no
cobs to remain in it, because stook cannot
rest well on a bed full of corn cobs. I
have a friend who rakes np large quantities of forest leaves for bedding. They
make grand bedding and a good absorbent to take np the liquid portion of the
manure, and add greatly to the quantity
op manure.. J am aware that we a:
t-_L*jiLi-_-____'*Al'3'"l*  'VCVfi_—'---t-_t-—v   ~
s_A^»c^?(f^o\^r's^'^^VT,*ffj_Mmln^
th'epla_-t)racUca'>^£con^'ii-eri^-n*r*--I»
I-ciib lo-jhai-e^mry &a^waUomtfc^a'ti.j
TOOtIng;iil^uehpfpoa»~^(i^-&i--ll^>Jte4
manure to be pi?ed^p'Jtr1h,u-nmoclt|'*|d
the'fleld^Bpariie" tf dlglQWi mlffitftof
jrainir ^would'il^acS .all ^Ahs^^^a^iK <m,
ittllttle Bpots.^J^want It^spreao'ievehli
on'ihd ground as Als'fiauled>^_.pi-ead''i}
Vfiereyerltls needet-Uibe^mosW ^ui'thf
best i-lace;!*'' on 1%*' tfiln" spota ",iti..'*t~ie-
clover.fields.''<-Cl^ver:tues lts~jrobts to
-gjimp-up potash',-and uses the Whole plant
.Wdraw down nitrogen from the. atmos'
hhereT'^A large plant can clo-this in" gre'ai
_.h£pe,*butallttle,"weak; Bpindllng plant
■growing-ott'.-poor-land'cannot do thief.
Thus ihe poor "spots wUiifc-tcome"' poorer,
■yrhilSj the"?_ch'bries will-get richer*,-1
therefoVe select ihts'e poor'spots and top'
dress and faopm the'clover there also, and
set it to pumping.np- and drawing- down
fertility. , I also pjowunder alt straw and
stubble.' By" Ihft'plan.I liavo put the
manure to a double niey 1V* • *, * • ' .'•*%
..Green Co. . '4- -iV 'ji,'J;*s-l&ivicni. .
zts}.\       x.        -_ '-'     .    s        ■    *
' There is mora or less manure made bn
the farm all the^time during, the yuxe,
and Just how to dispose of it to. best advantage Is not always an easy matter to
decide. First, it Is our aim to turn everything into manure that can be" had that
cannot be more profitably disposed of
some other .way. Sometimes the nice
bright straw'when sold at from three to
four dollars a Joad will buy more good
fertilizer than it; will * make by rotting,
bnt not so If sold to the straw board company at $1. ©ur?way of saving Is "by
stacklngstraw and dumping and piling
every thing"of reffise kind ont of batn and
manger (except what we use for bedding)
into feed lot or -manure pit, back of the
barn, which is hollowed out so that there
Is no washing away. If the pit eonld be
made water tight so much, the bettor.
Then we feed our cattle and sometimes
horses most of their roughness during
fall; winter an* aprlnjc on this. By this
method we l^ave -t. by "~«11* of each year a
fine pile ol.well rotted manure, to be
cartedoil and scattered directly from
the wagon upon the thinnest places first,
and so on till all Is used. We usually
scatter on fields Intended for corn the
coming spring. It, won't do to scatter
manure on dry hard pasture land, early
in the summer. Neither will It do to pile
in sheds where there is no stock to be fed
upon It, to tramp, it down and keep it
from flre-ranging; for by fall there will
be nothing left but some light trash that
Isn't worth hauling out. That accumulating in the stables we haul directly to
tbe field, from early fall till spring work
begins. Sometimes, lt we are not late,
scatter some over thin places after the
plow. This summer, having ample room
in our stables we have allowed the manure to remain, bedding and changing
the horses from place to. place to keep
them olean and dry, although some call
it pure laziness to let the stable go dirty,
I believe this a pretty good plan, because
the manure cau be hauled out in the fall
where and when It will do the most good.
T. M. 8.
In tbe horse stable I use plenty of bedding, allowing the manure to accumulate
Until there is about a wagon load ln each
box or stall, and then haul and scatter
from wagon where wanted. My oows are
kept ln the lot or stable every night. In
winter all the corn stalks are left In the
lot, together with the straw. The stables
are cleaned every day, the manure being
thrown into the lot The lot is cleaned
up ln the fall and the manure applied to
sod ground for next year's corn crop; or
applied to wheat or pasture fields. AH
hail the Indiana Farmer] Especially
the tKxp9rlence^Department»^3'tttH~vVe
llke-t-j take onr'ease andJct"otl__tfrs-writr*
spring is hauled ont before tbe next
threshing time and spread on field for
corn the next year. I think manure thua
used has a mechanical as well as manurial value. It acta as a mulch and protection- - W. II. I-AF-mi..
Union Co.  . -   _  -     :    •
*>-2
"■_
•j
.   j
■--vi
There is so much dlfferenco~in opinion
as to how to save the manure tbat It ls
hard to tell what U the best plan. I think
most any way so as to keep the rain off
from It till lt le hauled where lt is needed.
It should be pitched out of the stalls ln a
heap, where it will not get drained of
any ot Its substance, and there should be
a roof over It, as I have found out by experience that if the rain is allowed to
come on the heap lt will waste a great
deal of the best of lt before it gets to the
Held where it ls to do lu good.
AU coarse and unrotted manure
should be put on and turned under. If
this be done In the spring - for a corn
crop and then the corn be gotten outof the,
way and the ground broken In fall for
wheat, it will turn that crop of manure
up again and be splendid for wheat I
think that if too much manure be put on
top the ground that it will be too dry, especially In a dry season. If manure is pttt
on top lt should he well
T^rkV^WVkt-otiWwL
~-_u-_vv<_I"h_Cye a pit dug ln the -gta>~ul_ aot~
cemeiiide-»o|as~H wlllnotleak. '.itls large
enough "toxoid the manure for" six months
at a time;' for sometimes I hav* a crop bn
the ground-where I*-w"an't" it; and some
times" I am bo bdsy I cannot haul it out.
I'bed my stables every_evenin^"and clean
'tbem .out* cince a. ""--ret, 'and throw the
manure In the pit -"I.reave the pli'uncovered so the rain wjll rot" the manttfe.
As lt is cemented there is no waste, I- begin a\ one end bf .the'nit aud work toward
thebther, so lean gefit first if I should
need It.- I generally use the llqald man.
ure for my garden, 1, think it i* grand io
water the garden witbi ?injp- dry season
it will make the Cabbage jump, and scare
up, water melons'as big as a'hucket" foi
wheat, corn, oats, etc, Ticatter'the manure on top, and work lt with a 'fine. tooth
harrow. For potatoes I plow it undert-y-
ery time.* And air soon asI-getthVgarden
truck off I manure the garden ind"plo,w it
under, 'in tlie spring I_glve it a topdress^
Ing with'soine fine', WeU-rbtted* iriannre
and a litiie bonemeal," and I* think. J? bav*»
itiich, "'J" .,  _,-.-.".;... %*?&£.
'MsxjtiBcmpo. -^^:   ,.';;•/..> M
.    " I °" 1 - •   . - - > _.
pThls is a very important "subject" tnd
should lnterestevery farmer; Thousands
ot dollars -worth of the best of fertilizers
are allowed to go" to waate' every year-
either from car eleSiness, or lack Ot knowledge how to ]»aVe.It... S tables with cement
floors wbuld*b9 necessary If we should attempt to stive t-ltbf ihe' liquid, part We
use straw or anything we can get that Is
a good absorbent \o bed onf^stock witlL
It ls astonishinghot? 'much/manure" csin
"be made In a year in this way. Aihmafc-
itre thua produced Is haul*4'dlrect to^the
fields and spread from the wagon ba "sod
ground Intended for corn In the spring.
W6 seldom ever put manure on,wheat
gronnd. Oar rotation bt'erorf is./corn,
wheat and clover, ahd;fcy spreading, our
coarse manure on sod, grburid. and: plowing/under after it-has .'t-e'eri - leached by
the rains arid shows of wlnto ,an&_ipring»
we are pretty surei of good results In the
corn, wheat and clover that follow ln rotation. "Our surplus straw I* stacked hear
the barn, and what ls not used for* feed
and bedding in the barn Is torn down and
tramped under foot by the stock. This
with all that can be added toitduringthe
-*--
pulverised f *-<£.*•**£&?
.    ._    _   __„   f^Wfifii ,_ .
weakenihepftnfe'ftrtWxt winter n"»xV.»*v
seaao-t14i>n raJny.-ae^sons, with light-"'"T^
WheatOr-ijonursecr»i">red"clover ijttpnjj-wV*^
blooms/(tiq/fftit year arid;*t-looms;"late;*' " "K
enough for bumble h«Wto* fertilize lt_-so__,- -^ ■*$
that It often contains paying "quantities ""^s-j
of seed. -Orlfmakes godil-htiy. To'enfrj--'-* '-,,
for seedrbrlh'ay would -..Ul .weeds and-" :,^-■ *j
would not seriously effect next y»ar->'i?.!, -\
crop, especially It the aftermath -ii sv~x\''j*i*
lowed to grow. It wilt not form a-second-;
seed crop this fall.-   -.     ».   '    E.Ht,C'-
-{ -     -.        . -. _fi-
■ 1 amvery;i_Queh interested in thi Ex'—,-*   .-^
perlence Department and, will write ^or
it   on" all.subject* -wilh'jWhicb. J jim    "^"f,
familiar. '     *'     \, .:'} </. k   K' W. ~-' ■ *>- '"*
-"a.'   .      *     f,. ,-. c.      ..y . .-,-«%_~
fn r—r,-*.'     ,-,*--■   '       v- £-1
'• l-nvnw?'.;*,**     • -- __.'_" "|
'^-"s
■-.-
Harrison Co.',
RBViawr ■
,~A- wealthy old farmer near here had,
some SO tons of manure piled'out ih-the, ;3.-*!
yard around hii <barn and much In.the
-ray, and he said to m» -while. looting. a$*
t,?If itwasn't for%ftrnIng<,the--h'Mii'-iip!i>^ ^
way, and he said to m» -while. lookioj-.M
lt,?If itwasn't for%<trnIng<,the--h'Mii-ii-.
I'd set the df—(BtkttA&rs!' JXhl* man]ttt_^> ,
a great Mend ot clover and gets^obd big
«rops.*". Bqi as I compare' bit'litss ►withy    ,.
vtewB-aAd' his melhodswith others^! *I>^&2^
preciateihefactthatwesrea young na-.- iy-f-
lion ■ an<I 7et reveling -and. fattening on -fjj*
the virgin freshness of our new soli.-* ,. -\ fit
"The. jnan with"thin lancTl-AS already£'#,.. „
been compelled to'save maqpre of tsllr.<-f-^''},
The other fellow will soon-come to lt *t^"_riif
If this man's dirty barn yaird could havtt''^,/t,'. ,,
been by magic" transported to Germany li .J./. ,*A
would have been cleared,*acraped'and^-.'.tf- |
«weptinadayor.ttfo.'  *_*\  .'T:;/^'-^;"'"^
Withes we, are compelled to respect/- f-£--4
the item of chit ■,-?■•' .'j'^ /    '-'".f;:*jg W* . -1
We received a letter -fttely ~frbnf;l6wa.- - . v^J
which said that by means f>t •"> imprbved ' '". '-V, I
"lister" one man can care for.200 .acres 6f..».*J
corn and raise OO bushels'4per'acre. X'-
eommon crop for a 'Hoosier is 3b"acres' :':
and 40 bushels making-1^00 ;bushels.- It 'v "
Is a big thing foe,natural conditions tp. "'
add a third notight to one "man's born
. ■.-     . .-     -  ta-.^--. xi,      c~ ■ .y -   .  if-   i
crop-~v. - -.if.'. -.* .._> -j. .:.-. ;_. •-
"llsnorthe, fact'of on/ nxisdng- in'the
structural age of pur .country suflieient to -..'""_ ■.
account for the slowness'_of onr farmers 'J'Zfi
to add material expense -to', their system S''£<*_
of farming r .Wages are higher- jihan the -*.*- ,.-".
price of farm products will bearfaridma-
.1
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OwnttntAwd wn Sthprnf*.^ r *J_
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