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*  A   WEEKLY JOURNAL   OF  THE FARM,  HOMELAND   GARDEN.     -
Tois. VIII.
INDIANAPOLIS, SATURDAY, OCT.. 4, 1873.
No. 5.
PDIANA FARMER,
(Formerly North-Western Farmer.",
| ONLY AQB1CVLTUBALPAPER IST INStASA.
Devotes a Department to the Interests of the
Order of the Patrons of Husbandry: '
Organ of Indiana State Board of Agriculture,
Endorsed by Indiana Horticultural Society, Indiana
Short-Horn Breeders' Convention, and many   . ,
.    County and District Societies. *.-
J. G. KINGSBURY & BBO.,_PuWf»ft«r».. Y- '
| OFFICE, ito. si,, Journal ijullcUus,
■_■>._■   IHrDIANHPOIsIS, IND. ,   ,..«.».  .    '
_   Subscription -Terms.—»2.0O; to clubs of four or
I more, $1.75 each.     .     _
Advertising Terms: Ordinary pages 15 cents per
I line, nonpareil measure, first insertion; extra charge
I for special location; special notices, 20 cents.
'.-„.-;   Y For the Indiana Farmef. ,
• _■.,    Carroll County. "■'
THE  CROPS—GRANGES—A WORD; FOB THE"*.
'-,  -7.y' "farmer. .:.,-'' ,- 7-7''. . '..'[
A few items of farm news from Carroll
I county, perhaps, would be "of some interest.
|The past season has been one^of, .extremes.
iThe early part" to last* of April was .very
■wet; through May.and Jnne no rain; 'first
Iweek in July the severest storms and rains
lever known in this, county f then no-rains
[again till middle of the. present month.
iThe ground has not been in good order the.
■whole season, either too wet or, too dry;
■the consequence is short crops. Wheat
■was something below average;' oats same;
■corn half crop; potatoes, well, perhaps
■enough for a mess on Sunday. ■ Dry weath-
ler, bugs, and weeds were too much for them.
■Wheat sowing is * about done; a large crop
■has been sown. The showers of the last
■few days are starting.the wheat to growing
■some. It was almost impossible to put
■ground iri order for seed. Farmers are in
Iwod cheer, butfew are in debt to hurt them.
■The Patrons are on the increase, some ten
■granges have been organized, others are. on
■the tapis; some opposition to them; the
■granges meet.at Delphi, the connty seat, in
■October, to organize *a centralT grange/
|Our farmers take hold ofthe matter slowly,
T**ut with the* determination to win.   The
days of cliques and rings are about numbered in this county. Farmers, mechanics,
arid day laborers have about come ,to_ the
conclusion that their interests are identical,
and will work in harmony to one end, viz.:
Do their own selling and buying, do their
own voting, and finally, row their own boat.
They will, in the future, demand of their
public servants more work and less pay,
less law and more justice. I see this article
is growing too long, I will say in conclusion
that I am highly pleased with the change in
the Farmer, from"riionthly to weekly, it has"
lost nothing of its former attractiveness,
but conies to handj brimfull of choice agri'
cultural readingYmatter. Every farmer in
the State ought to subscribe for it. " Couje
farmers work for your own State paper."
Success to you Bro.'Kingsbury;     .      v"
T A Mpa   "FT A *^T H*T -
Farm Home, Delphi. Ind., Sep. 29,18*73.
. .  .  .       .   '•   .■■■-'.
- .'*    :_    .      • [For the Indiana Farmer.
The Value of the -Knowledge of Ento-
Y    , :;     '-  ;    mologyv '   **-
Few persons'are aware ofthe enormous
amount of wealth annually taken from the
farmers by the insect world; yet it far ex-
cecds'the amount taken" by railroad monopolies, abont ■ which Y the farmers are com.
plaining so bitterly, and spending so much
time to secure legislation to regulate the
price of carrying freight, etc.        ;• .
Now as this, amount exceeds that taken
by railroad monopolies, why not pay our attention to' the insects first ? . *'
There is hardly a crop raised by the farmer that is riot attacked by one or more
species of insects. Farmers are no doubt
anxious to get rid-of the injurious insects
that are infesting their crops; but he will
succeed best at trapping, who knows best
the habits of the game, tn destroying in-
sects it is almost indispensable to know the
habits of them. The codling moth or apple worm, which -re so universally destructive to the apple crop, is one which should
engage our immediate attention. I will
venture to say that the farmers are compap-
tively few, who, should they, see the imago
Codling. moth, would know what it was,
whether-it was injurious or not. By confining some of the foil.grown, laryse for two
weeks in a tight paper box, themothsmay
be hatched out so we can see them and be
come familiar with them. Thus _by gettin z
larvEeof many insects and "hatching" them
out, we often find instead of the true insect,
many smaller ones of'a different species.
These are parasites, which should not be
destroyed, for they are helping us to destroy
the injurious insect. Thus we become familiar with those destroying our crops and
also with those helping to preserve our
crops by destroying injurious species.
** A. friend of mine found a few days ago
ninety-three larva? of a parasite in a single
pupa of the Danais Archippus.
. It becomes necessary for us then to study
the natural, history of insects, to learn, of
their habits and hiding plates, to discover
those that are working for us, and direct
their operations where they will be most
serviceable. But this can not be done, successfully until farmers are conversant with
insects and acquainted with their properties
and economy. -■'.'■ ^.
The State Entomologist of Illinois has 5
succeeded   admirably   in   transporting  a
Chalcis   fly   parasite,, of the   oystershell
barklouse, to   the   northern  part   of  his
State.. Let'us profit by his example.""
X. Y.
European Wages. ,
Sixty cents   a day. is considered   gdod-
wages for   a working   man in   any of  the
European countries, except*Great Britain,
where the wages are somewhat higher.   In
the Tyrol silk region and in'Italy they of-*
ten do not get more than ten cents a day.
In the country in Germany ten cents is the
common pay. *W6men there often get but-
five cents.    In   Swederi, men "often work
frorii four o'clock in the morning till nine
in the evening, and do riot get any more.
During the late war many poor women in
Berlin were hired to knit stockings for the
soldiers for five cents.   The profits of the ■
poor who keep pett"*'shops, sell trinkets in
the streets or act as sutlers, do not average
more than three or four per cent. Barbers in
Berlin, since the raising of their prices,Jget
five cents for hair cutting and two and a
half cents for shaving.    Servants at hotels
§et from three to   eight dollars   a month,
ervant girls in private fariiilies oflfefiget-.
but ten dollars a year.   Sometimes these
classes can not get work at any price.' _
A" clergyman lately said that modern
young ladies are not the daughters of Shem
and Ham, but of hem and sham,'      ' ,