B&WPT    i,
Farm,Home and Garden.
VOL. XVII.
INDIANAPOLIS, INDIANA, SATURDAY, FEB. 4, 1882.
no. a
FOB HAI.E.
riOR SALE— Prize-winning mammoth Bronze Tur-
1 ieys.Kggs in «esu»n.KockhlllBro«i..Ft.WayneJn«l
FOK SAI.E-Short-horn bulls from 1 toll months
old.   JOHN   MOJASL1N   &  SUNS, Franklin,
Ind.
FOR SALE—White Leghorn chicks.   DK. W. J.
EL6TTJN. u North Meridian street, Indianapolis, Ind.
FOR  SA LE—A (rood heavy Draft Stallion and a
Mrst-class Jack.    Addr.es   J. ELLIS, Center
Valley, Ind. 	
F
OR BALE-ie Partridge Cochin hens and Pullets
cheap.   Address BEN  8.  MYERS, Crawfords
ville, Indiana
FOR SALE—White and Brown Leghorns, Ayles-
bnry and Pekln docks.   TILSON <fe ROB1SON,
Rocklane, Ind.
FOR SALE—Pore Valley White and Early Calico
corn.   AddressA.  V. REM8EY, Colfax,Clinton county, Ind.
F
OR SALE—Orchard-grass seed at $2 per bushel,
sack included in two DURhel lots. Address JOHN
H. RENT, Mechantcsburg, Ind.
FOR SALE—Graded Jersey cows and heifers. Send
for catalogues, descriptions, etc. Address THEO.
P. HAUCiHEY. Indianapolis, Ind.
FOR PALE—Mammoth  Bronze turkey gobblers,
both old and voung birds.first-ciass prize strains.
Address.T. M. REVEAL, Clermont, Ind.
FOR SALE—Dark Brahmas, Black Cochins. Plymouth Hock cockerels from prizestrains. Cheap
if taken soon.   C ADAMS, Tonis Crossing. Ind.
FOR 8ALE-A few choice Shepherd pups. Scotch
Collie crossed with   English shepherd.   Inquire
of GEO. BCCKLEW, Wolf Creek, Marshall Co., 1 nd.
I710R SALE-Jersey male calf, pure blcod and good
1    butter stock; price. SIP. Also fine Light Brahma
cockerels.   W. L. ALYEA, Sunman, Ripley Co., Ind.
FOR SALE—Selected seed corn—Yellow Dent,
Learning and Mammoth White, f I 85 per bushel,
sacks added. Address JAS. M. BRANSON, Farmland, fnd.. -
FOR SALE—Four pair fine Toulouse geese; price,
♦iperpair.  One fine Whtte Cochin cockerel;
price,*!.   MRS. MARY A.THORNBUBO,Hagers-
town, Ind.
FOR SALE—300 eitra fine Plymouth Rocks and
Buff Cochins, bred from my "Prize Winners.'
Send for illustrated circular with prizes won. SID.
CONGER. Flat Rnck. Ind.   -.
FOR SALE^A choice  lot of yearling  Cotswold
ewes, bred to my Imported ram; Dukeof Gloster
~ —prefer to sell in lots of  five or moie.   HENRY- C.
MEREDITH. Cambridge City, Ind.
FOR SALE—A fine lot of Poland China pigs, from
8 to 12 weeks old. Eligible to record in the Central V. C. R. Prices reasonable and satisfaction guaranteed.   P1TZER <fc GWINN, Kokomo, Ind.
OR SALE—25 first-class Poland China pigs.weight
  , from 50 to 60 pounds each, from recorded sows.
*wy.j&T***r;*m each. If  taken in   this month.   Address J.
CTJNNirjGH AM <fc CO., MlamUMIaml county, Ind.
pc
FOR SALE—Six Shepherd pups, sired by an Enff-.
Ush Shepherd dog. The mother of these pupa Is
a Scotch Collie and had charge of 500 sheep 2 years
ago; price. $5 eacb. Address ALFRED LOUER,
Lewisville, Ind.
FOR SALE—ROBERT CRAIG, Greenwood, Ind.,
bas several imported and grade Clydesdale
horses of various ages at low figures. Mr. C. will go
to Scotland early in the spring and is prepared to Im-
girt all classes ot stock at a reasonable commission,
eferences given.
FOR SALE—Sixty-eight varieties of choiceT?fresh
Flower seeds.   Ten packages for 25 cents. Mammoth Russian Sunflower seed 20 cents per ounce; 30
cents per pint and 60 cents per quart.   Send for circular.   Address MRS. MARY COOMBER. Otho, Web-
•V county, Iowa.
FOR SAKE—Two fine bull calves, 7 months old,
color deep red; 2 two-year-old heifers, safe in
calf; alsosomenice Poland China pigs, weight 50 to
100 pounds each, and a splendid lot of Bnfir Cochin
cockerels, only $1 each. Address L. H. AIKMAN,
Box 21, Dana, Vermillion county, Ind.
FOR SALE—One of the best stock farms in Southern Indiana, Z% milee from Bloomington, 1)4.
from R. R. station; 400acres; 275 under cultivation;
2 houses, 2 barns and other outbuildings; would sell
240 acres. Price. «35 per acre. For further particulars, address WM. A. ROGERS, Bloomington, Ind.
FOR SALE—Farm of 160 acres, for grain or stoclr,
no better in the State; 15 miles north of this
city; excellent walnut and sugar tree soil,sandy
loam; perpetual running stock water, and no waste
land; good frame house, 8 rooms, cellar, etc.,good
barn; excellent fences, in a fine country 1M miles
of a good R. R. town. Price only $50 per acre. M.
ARBUCKLE, 58 E. Market St, Indianapolis.
WANTED.
WANTED—Local agents in every county for
horse insurance against death and theft. Address AMERICAN LIVE STOCK ASSOCIATION.
Indianapolis, Ind.
WANTED—First class capable solicitors to sell
for the largest, most thoroughly reliable nursery firm West. Address L. H. SPAULD1NO.Springfield, 111.   Name this paper.
WANTED—Reliable men to sell nursery stock.
Good waees and steady employment to good
salesmen. Address with references D. H. PATTY &
CO., Nurserymen, Geneva, N. Y.
WANTED—To sell or exchange for land one general store, good trade, splendid location, good
crops. Satisfactory reat-ons for selling. Address D.
W. BOLEN & BRO., Isabel, Edgar Co., Ills.
WANTED—Your patronage for spectacles and
eye glasses. I make a specialty of the business
and have always a full stock in pebble, cataract, and
other fine lenses, in frames to suit. THOMAS H.
CLAPP, Optician, 46 North Penn. St., Indianapolis.
lHISCELXANEOIJS.
FARMS FOR SALE OR EXCHANGE—In Howard and adjoining counties, ranging in price,
size and payments to suit purchasers. Some special
bargains.   STUART A HOSS, Kokomo, Ind.
ONE of tbe Largest Nurseries in the states. Geneva Nursery, Geneva, N. Y., established, 184ft,
by W. & T. Smith. Has 500 acres of fruit and ornamental stock, roses, shrubs, etc. B. E. .'RANDALL,
Aroma, Hamilton Co., Ind.(is our only duly authorised agent In Central Indiana, to whom all inquiries
should be addressed.
LOANS.
TO LOAN—Money to loan on first mortgage of improved city and farm property in Indiana and
Ohio, at very low interest. Prompt parties, with desirable security, can be accommodated without delay. Ail local securities— City, Connty. Town and
Railroad Bonds— negotiated. JOS. A. MOORE, 84 E.
Market street.
FOR   KENT.
FOR RENT—A large 3 story water power flouring
mill, 4 run of bunr*. water the year round, all
modern improvements. Call on, or address 444 E. St.
Clair street, Indianapolis, Ind.
A GOOD RECORD.
One of our Marion county small farmers
speaking of his success in the past droughty
year says: "I will sell %\ ,000 worth of produce from my 40 acre farm, notwithstanding that I lost 14 hogs from cholera, and 200
bushels of potatoes werefiozen. Ihave600
bushels of potatoes left for which I am offered % 1 00 per bushel. I sold two crop3 of
wheat in October at 91 40 per bushel; 240
bushels of it was 90 cent wheat when it
was threshed. My hay all sold at $18 per
ton, and my hogs brought 6c. per lb." Not
many hundred acre farmers can show a
' more satisfactory balance sheet.
%mt Jfttfjcti.
"J. F. T."—"Write to Mr.   Geo. Jackson,
Beach Grove Farm, Ingallston, Indiana.
Mr. S. B. McCoed, Paris, Ills., lately
bought of T. M. Reveal, this connty,a fine
young sow for ?30, to be registered in the
C. P.C.R.
R. S Russell, Zionsville, has lately sold
J. W. Apple , Oaklandon, Ind., a very
handsome Chester White male pig, shown
at the State fair.
Mr. J. Raoer, Williams Center, Ohio,
kille*. a pig eight months and 11 days old,
which, dressed, weighed 310 pounds. It
was fed on skimmed milk and corn in the
ear.
The annual meeting of the N. Y. State
American Merino Sheep Breeders' Association will be held at the Whitcomb House,
Rochester. Tuesday, Feb.   14,   1881,  at 11
A. M. . .     . .•■-■,•
J. R. Goshert last, week purchased of
J. W. Long, who lives east of Leesburg,
Ind., fifty-eight hogs that weighed 16,230
pounds. Twenty-five of them averaged
346 pounds each.      '
IhJ response to a correspondent: The
Oxfordshire sheep are a different breed
from the Southdowns, in that they are
heavier,' somewhat. grosser, and mature
earlier than the Southdowns.
Four pigs, one day less than nine
months old, were slaughtered Jan. 3d, at
Maj. George S. Iceland's Highland farm,
Euclid, Ohio,: that ^weighed, when dressed,
respectively, ,310,286, 284 and 268 poun ds;
total, I,148 pounds, being an increase of
over one pound per day for each pig.
The number of Jersey cattle exported
from the Island during the twelve months
ending December 31,1881, is officially reported by Henry E. Pooler M. R. C. "V* S.,
Veterinary Inspector, as follows:
SHIPPERS.
Eugene. J. Arnold    851 cows, 53 bulls
Frs. LeBrocq   700 cows, 29 bulls
Sundry  shippers     66 cows, 2 bulls
1,616 84
Do Clydesdales PayP
I see that some parties are writing under
the above caption, that E. S. Frazee has
sold some two year olds for $ 160, and that
some one else, Mr. Robinson, I believe,
was offered ?165, and refused. I think
that I can beat that record with the Norman. I have a pair of half Norman mares,
and their colts are sold for $290 each, to be
delivered at five months old.
Owen Kincaid.
Rush Co., Ind.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
Will some one please tell me and others
what and how to feed suckling ewes? Is
corn meal better for them than shelled
corn, if so, how much should be fed? Is
wheat bread any advantage to them? Is
oil meal recommended for them? At
present I am feeding my suckling ewes
timothy hay, sheaf oats and shelled corn.
At what age can lambs be fed to an advantage and what should their feed be and
how given ? J. E. Helms.
Alto, Ind.
How it Pays..
Editors Indiana Farmer: -
The longer I read the Indiana Farmer
the more lam impressed with its real
worth. I have always found that when I
had stock for sale, all I had to do was to
place .in its columns a prominent and well
displayed advertisement and they will sell.
Such is my experience. And I now almost regret having to ask you to take, out
all of our advertisements as we have sold
all of our Jersey and Short-horn-cattle,
andfPolandjChina hogs, that we have to
sell for the present. We hope to have the
pleasure of renewing former associations
at some future day.
Louisville, Ky. Habvet IsBwis.
Managing Swine.
Extract from a paper read before the late Indiana
Swine Breeders' Association by Samuel Dragoo.
Hogs fed on good sound food, given
plenty of pure water and grass, or artichokes, will be healthy and vigor ins, if
they have been well bred. What we want
is good breeding, and without that we cannot have healthy animals. Some articles
of food are adapted especially for fattening, others for building up bone and muscle.
Corn contains more fat than any other
food, yet its constitutional strength is lost
in its lack of sugar, salts and albumen,
consequently an animal fed on it exclusively, will have weak, fatty muscle, porous bone, tender stomach and intestines,
and will be a ready victim to epizootic.
The Banes Wire Check ltowcr Mnnnfaciory .'Chambers, Bering & ((uinlan, Proprietors.
The pea contains more nutritive matter
for bone and muscle than any other food
and excels all others except corn aud oats
in fatty matter, but the crop is not profitable owing to the labor of raising them.
If we desire hogs of strong constitution, it
will be well to feed peas, artichokes, roots
and grass, especially blue-grass and clover.
Frequent change of food is neoessary.
When some disease, say hog cholera, attacks a herd of swine, they must be put in
a nice pasture, and feeding corn- must be
stopped and milk or boiled oats given.
Change every few days from one pasture
to another until well. Sanitary measures
are better than drugs and will richly pay
the owner of hogs in their robust constitution,^.They .should have plenty of pure
water, as foul wai^r is- oue of the' most
fruitful sources of disease; agooddry place
to sleep. In midsummer,or from the time
that ragweed and other similar weeds are
in bloom, until frost, the swine ought not
to be allowed to run through them, as the
dust and dew on them affect the lungs.
Keep the weeds cut down. By following
these directions, I am satisfied swine will
be as healthy as any other farm animals.
This has been my experience.
hogs had rooted up carcasses buried the
"previous season, thereby starting a fresh
outbreak.
The Commissioner's report fully establishes this theory,and shows how it has
been carried on horses' feet, carried in
cref-ks, rivers and streams, infecting every
Jierd watering at such watercourses for
^ilos. Points outj how herds have escaped forjears and finslly when tbey did
go down, it was found to be from some
parj of an Infected hog, from a rendering
, 'rom poison carried by horses' feet,
"some way similar. Points out the
erfrom the dead hog wagon hauling to
ondering tanks, the danger attending
oatpnd the same person attending both sick
'HjVJwell hogs; in short that any means of
conveying the poison from infected yards
to healthy ones should be carefully
guarded against, is the theory advanced.
tar.p
or if
da*
the
Written for the Indiana Farmer.
The Swine Plague.
The Greene County, Ohio,Farmers' Club
met in court room according to appointment, President Cummins in the chair.
Subject for discussion, Swine Plague, or
Hog Cholera. At apreviousmeeting.John
H. Jobe, Dr. Watt, John Collins and
Paul Tomlinson, were appointed to take
part in the discussion. Discussion was
opened by Mr. Jobe. He lost last fall
nearly all his spring pigs. His fat hogs
were s ipped about time of the outbreak.
A lot of breeding stock in a pasture remote
from pigs escaped. Believed the plague
spread from a neighbor's farm, who had
had it in the summer, and left dead hogs
on the ground, unburied. Was satisfied
that dogs, buzzards, etc., would carry the
poison to infect healthy herds. Swine
dying of the fever should be immediately
buried or burned; the latter preferable, as
being cheaper, and doing away with all
liability to infect other hogs, at any future
time by digging up old carcasses.
John Collins' hogs had had the plague
about the time his i eighbor Jobe'sdid. Was
not so fatal as in Jobe's case. Thought he
had been greatly benefited by use of Snook's
hog remedy. At any rate the plague
abated in frequency of new cases and in
virulence.
Panl Tomlinson had received since being
appointed to take part in this discussion,
three volumes of Report of Commissioner
of Agriculture oa Investigation of Infections and Contagious Diseases of Domesticated Animals. Had not had time
to read, but had glanced over to see what
valuable information could be obtained
therefrom. Was satisfied that the report
fully confirmed the observation of farmers
and others, that the fever was not like that
of the drunken man. He had signed the
pledge.- Afterward when a friend met
him and found him tipsy and began
to upbraid him for violating his pledge,
the tipsy one replied "he had not been
drinking, it was in the air." Tomlinson
was satisfied it was not "in the air" but
must be communicated by infection, that
is,by introduction of the specific poison into
the system,either into the alimentary canal,
stomach, etc,, or directly into circulation,
through external punctures, sores, abscesses, etc., etc. Thought many of the
members would remember how Prof,
Claypool of Antioch College, had traced
an outbreak in this county, how he traced
it into the county, and successfully traced
it in its various ravages over a considerable extent of country, how he showed
conclusively that it would not communicate except by introduction of the poison,
and not by any malarial influences. Prof.
V. pointed out numerous instances where
The investigation had proven the won
derful indestructibility of the poison if
kept moist and chiefly excluded from the
air. Old straw stacks and yard, pens with
plant floors, shipping cars, etc., were considered especially favorable places to retain the poison in its terrible virulence;
frequently being sufficient to start a fresh
outbreak after the lapse of a year from
time of deposit of such matter.
The poison had been inoculated into
sheep, cattle, etc., and then back into
swine, with such virulence as to prove
fatal, though not being so severe in other
animals as in swine.
Under the microscope the poison reveals
microphytes, called bacilli. It was found
that these bacilli were not killed after
being frozen. Subjected to a heat of 140°
Fhr. for 15 minutes did not kill them,
though 150° same time did. These bacilli
and their germs when introduced into the
system multiplied very fast. Carbolic
acid or other agents sufficiently strong to
kill them would be destructive to animal
life5.
Mr.' Tomlinson also called attention to
the danger of shipping hogs here from the
stock-yards of Cincinnati or even through
comm >n shipping cars. Had been many
car loads shipped to this county last fall
to fatten. Nearly if not quite every lot
took the plague. One party shipped one
lot from Cincinnati, thovplague broka out
and they returned the well ones at once.
Bought another lot with same result.
J. Douthett said the only way to keep cix,
of the plague was to keep away from re
and keep it away from us. Not allow any
of the infectious matter brought to us.
Had known hogs on one side of a line
fence sick and dying all summer, while
only across the fence were hogs exposed
the: whole length of the field, lying as
close to sick hogs as fence would permit,
arid not a sympton of cholera. He said
in reply to a question, "the man Who goes
abSnt the country professing to cure hog
cholera is either a fool or a knave."
Sajd there was a correspondent of (I believe) American Agriculturist chiefly responsible for the false theory that too much
corn'was cause of the plague. Had a hobby
antj rode it persistently; wrote of it in season and out of season, until many people
believed it. The fact is you can no more
create or control the plague by diet, than
you ban measles or small-pox. Once get
the virus introduced into your herd and
the.dnly chance is in isolation, unless the
virulence of the disease becomes modified
("the disease has spent its force") as
it had in case of Collins'hogs who attributed
the favorable turn to Shook's remedy,
instead of the real cause as has been done
in very many instances before.
J; Douthett was appointed to attend the
Swine Breeders' Convention at Columbus,
to propose "Swine Plague" as a subject
for discussion with a view to giving
more light on the manner of spreading
the malady and the ultimate guarding
against it. Paul Tomlinson.
Greene county, Ohio.
Managing Breeding Cattle.
The Journal of the Royal Agricultural
Society, England, contains a paper on
Polled Aberdeen cattle, by Mr. James McDonald, from which we make the following interesting extract on managing
breeding cattle.
In Sir George Macpherson Grant's herd
at Ballindallocb, which is perhaps the
most valuable herd of the breed in existence, an admirable system of management is pursued. The calving season is
made up of December and three following
months, but it often happens that cows
fall behind. As a rule, tire cows are allowed to suckle their dams for tfbout six
months. When housed, most of the cows
are kept in loose boxes* each cow haying
a box to herself and heA- calf. At weaning,
calves are very carefully attended tbj.
They are generally trained to eat linseed
cake before being weafied,and every possible effort is made to retain the calf flesh,
and not allow them to fall off after losing
the milk ot their dams. When the cold
autumn evenings commence, care is taken
to have all the cattle—at any rate, all the
young cattle brought into the house overnight; and this also helps to maintain the
conditi m of the stock. The young bulls
require and always receive special atten-,
tion. They are generally kept in an open
court, where they have plenty of fresh air,
but no drafts, and where they can have
constant exercise. Their food consists of
a liberal supply of good yellow turnips, as
much straw as they can eat, and about two
pounds of linseed cake per day. It has
been found advantageous not to allow
them to lie or rest on heated dung, as that
has a tendency to damage their legs. A
ready demand is found for the young
'bulls'atthii'.highestcumjiit p.-i^st', the'siv
erage for last year's crop having been
about £43 a head. Young heifers aro
treated much in the same way as young
bulls, except that, unless grass or turnips are scarce, they get little or no cake,
They are served when 2 years old. Cows,
as a rule, get a small supply of turnips
three times a day in winter and spring,
the three meals making about 80 or 90
pounds. Latterly it has been found advantageous to give only about 40 or 60
pounds of turnips in two meals, supplemented by a mixture of about one pound
of bran, one pound of crushed oats, and
one pound of linseed meal, in a mash of
cut straw or chaff. For about three weeks
before and three weeks after calving, cows
get about two pounds of linseed cake per
day. The overfeeding of breeding stock
is studiously avoided, and the result is
that the herd has been more than ordinarily prolific. Animals intended for
showing purposes are, of course, treated
more sumptuously than the other cattle in
the herd.
. To these general notes, indicating the
system of management pursued by a number of leading breeders, little need be
added. It will have been gathered that
calves are, as a rule, dropped between December 1 and the end of April; and that
the prevailing custom is to let the calves
suckle their dams for six or eight months.
A small quantity, from half a pound to a
pound, of linseed meal is usually given to
calves each day for some time before they
are weaned, and after weaning the allowance is increased. Young bulls are generally allowed one pound or two ponnds of
linseed cake daily, along with turnips, and
fodder or grass, until they are sold, at the
age of from 12 to 18 months. Heifers • are
similarly treated, except that they get less
cake. In fact, in many cases they never
taste cake after they have got beyond the
stage of calves and until they commence
to breed. Most breeders give their cows
two pounds or three pounds of cake, or
some equivalent, for a few weeks before
and after calving, while stock bulls are
always well fed during their active season.
Some serve heifers when they are about
18 months old, but the prevailing plan is
to delay serving another six months. Too
early breeding undoubtedly checks the
growth of animals. I also think it would
be advisable not to work yearling bulls
quite so heavily as they are at  present.
^titxhxKvv^.
This department la edited uy L»r. Juhm IN. rsavlN,
Veterinary Surgeon, anthor of Navin'B Explanatory
Stock Doctor.
Rules, to be < bserved by those expecting correct answers :
1. State the rate of pahs*.
2. The breathing.
8. The stan Ing attitude. .
4. Appearance of hair.
5. If cough, and secretion from new, whether
glands between the Jaws can be felt, anl how near
the bone.
6. If breathing Is rapid, accompanied by rattle or
rushing sourd.no time mist be lost in blistering
throat, and using tincture of aconite root and tincture of belladonna 20 drops on ton roe alternately
every two hours, for time Is too short for an answer.
7. Parties desiring answers by mall must Inclose a
stamp.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
I have a mare with a saddle knot on her
back, as large ah a hen's egg; appears to
Jje a gristle; bejbn there tlnee years. What
\\»qi take it ofrf J. A. W.
Yoti^neglecteijl it too long.   Nothing now
can be cf&ue bu!t to cut it out.   Try severe
blistering.
Editors Indiana Flirmer:
I have a cowfin my care that has a lump
just below the!external part of the female
organ extendiiW downward some six or
eight inches, aiid two or three inches thiek,
mostly on rightY side; is hard but don't
seem feverish.   V E. J. S.
Blister severel\ If that fails, cut it out,"
continue the blistering for ten days at
least. See blister i\i prior numbers of the
Farmer.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
I have a mare that is with foal, her bag
is about as.if she wasrWdy to foal, but her
time is in March. Sh\eats well, but her
whole body is swollet), very large, as if
something was wrofyg. Please answer
what I shall'do for heri M. S.
I fail to answer letwsrs not inclosipg
stpiSjr*?, except > throng^ Farmer. Feed
your mare the powders so\pften ordered ft» .
the FARifer, and priv J. the swollen parts
along the abdomen -with a sharp narrow
bladed knife, in twenty or more places.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
riease tell me what ails my hogs. They
are taken with a cough and gauntedsides;
they refuse to eat corn offthe ear, but will
eat it shelled; breathing becomes difficult
and lingering thus, they die. A Reader.
They have catarrhal fever,or some affection of the air passages,perhaps the mouth
is involved; take alum five ounces, burn
on a hot surface, grind fine and mix with
flour of sulphur, pulverized niter, black
antimony, and sulphate of iron, of eacb,
two ounces, ground ginger, four; give
each one teaspoonful two or three times
daily.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
My father has a mule on which about
two years ago there began an enlargement on the fore part of the leg, at the
stifle joint; It is very hard as if composed
of bone, and seems to be solid to the bone;
itdoesnot seem to be painful or inany way
tender, but continues to grow all the time
and is now the sizo of a common hen's,
egg. The animal has never been sick or
shown any sign of pain any way, but always ready for his feed and harness.
A. P.
It is of too long standing to be removed .
by   medicine.   You   must   employ   somo
skillful veterinarian to remove it with the
knife, etc.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
What can I do for my mare? I Weaned
her foal about tho first of November. I at-
a.tjnded to having her milked everyday
for about a week and then neglected her,
thinking she was dry. I found on examination that her bag was hard and swelled,
and seemed painful to tho touch. Am
afraid lt is spoiled; her hair is rough and
stands on end, snd the mare looks badly;
appetite is good however, and I could discover no signs of fever. W. I).
You have failed to inform me what i«-
jury the swelling of the udder bas done.
her. So it is presumed she has gotten over
the difficulty. Give her the powders so
repeatedly prescribed in the Farmre.
Likes the Parmer.
Edlton Indiana Farmer:
I am a constant reader of the Indiana
Farmer, get it in exchange from my brother. I consider it one of the best farmers
papers I ever read and although the articles are mostly for western farming. I
often get good hints for southern farming,
and I value it much. R. M. S.
Franklin, Southampton Co., Va.
How it Pays.
Editors Indiana Farmer:
Please find inclosed draft to pay for ab-
advertisment. My reason for taking it
out is that I have only some calves left.
An advertisement in the Farmer is the
mediumto bring customers.
Edinburg, Ind. E. C. Thompson.
WHAT NATIONAL BANKS COST.
A recent writer on this subject shows
what onr National banks cost the people
of the country, in the following statements:
The bank note circulation has averaged
in round numbers about f280,000,000 during the last eighteen years. Government
bonds, owned by the bankers and drawing interest from the labor of the people,
were pledged to the amount of over $320,-
000,000 for the security of this  circulation.
The Interest paid by "the people and received by the banks on these bonds may
be stated at an average of not less than
917,000,000 a year; this, for eighteen years,
amounting to over 1300,000,000 for tho
blessings of bank money. By adding to
this interest account the profits of the
banks on their circulation and their do-
posits, lt will be found that they have received enough gains from the pocket* of
the people since their creation to pay off
two-thirds at least of the national debt.
And these vast sums have been paid to
the banks simply for the privilege of receiving through their hands a little more
than one-third of our currency, of no bet*
ter quality than the other currencies ."for
whose circulation there was no ta'; on
anybody. Is this such anbowinic, as to
entice Congress to abandon the w'uolw financial question to the banks?
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