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VOLLX INDIANAPOLIS, SEPT. 23, 1905. NO 38 XZxvzrlcutz JJCspartnxcnt HOW TO MAKE AND HOUSE. USE AN ICE Drainage is Very Important. 1st Premium—The heat location for an ice house is upon the north side of a building but it should uot be uuder llic eaves. Tho Ibest Boil on whieh to build is one that is sullicient- ly porous to allow the water to leak tlrough without the necessity of using a drain, tis this makes way for a current of warm air. If the soil requires a drain, the outer ehii should be closed so that air currents C?nm>t penetrate the interior. If the soil is not sandy and porous, tlie bite for an ice house, to be built above ground, should be so elevated that tlie water from the eaves and that from the melting ice can be conducted off without Jilllcult.v. If a very cheap construction is to be built, and the soil is clay, take a few poles, rails, or scantling, about ten feet long, and lay them upon the ground a foot or so apart, until tho breadth of the bed is equal to the length, say ten feet sc,uare. Fill between with sawdust and cover with boards or slabs (one thickness), then put on a good bed of sawdust, and the platform is ready for the ice. If the soil is porous, the builder may excavate three or four feet deep, ten- or twelve feet square, and lay down scantling and cover with rough boards for a floor. It is not necessary to excavate, but is more convenient for filling. If the soil is gravelly, dig a pit and fill with round stones, and cover with sand first and then sawdust The water will escape easily through the sand and stones, and there will be no chance for currents of air to flow upward into the house. Use old sawdust. That which is new is liable to ferment ami give off heat when thoroughly packed. After the foundation is leady, set up studding, two by eight inch stuff, eight feet long, and at distances of three feet apart, if inch boards are used for cover. The covering boards should be well seasoned, so as to make tight joints. The outer wall, as high as the surface of the ground, may be nailed on the studs before they are set down upon the floor. Board up on both sides of the studs to the top, and pack the earth around the outer wall, leaving it to descend in all directions to carry off tbe surface water. Fill thet space between the boards (eight inches) to the top of the wall with fine charcoal, dry sawdust, or tan bark, well packed down. Or you may lay plates and put uf. studding in a double row, aud fill I elvveen with sawdust or tan bark well pressed down. jVfter filling up Uie fides nail a strip of board nicely over the top, to prevent rats or mice from burrowing within. Upon this the rafters nay h: allowed to rest; or the roof moy be made of whole boards running up to the lidge and battened. In either case the roof should project well over ihe wall on all sides. Lay on joists before the roof is put on. Nail a floor upon these, nnd give a good coating of sawdust This obviates the necessity of double roofiug. The roof should be quarter pitch, either of boards or shingles. In many parts of the country roofing-paper is employed instead of shingles. Such paper is very stron;.', and impervious to water, so that, aftor a heavy coat of paint, is applied to the surface of roof will be as tight u» tin. However, I do uot like a roof made so tight as to exclude air. Iu tht* -;iiblo i-"id of the house a smah door M1011M be constructed that may be opened find closed at pleasure. It may be simply a piece of board, six by eight inches, hung with light iron hinges, and shutiing t.gainst clouts that have been nailed upon the insi.le. When laying the floor beneath tlie roof, saw out n place six inches square ami tuck around on each side pieces of board, six or eight inches long, extending up as a tube through the sawdust. This is a cheap ventilator. melting. .V pile of ice ton feet square rnd ten feet high will contain al-out 25 tons. One twenty feet square and ten feet high will contain tine hundred tons, rll.ivvanco being made lor unfilled ••pares. Ice weighs 57 iKiuuds to ihe cubic foot, (.'tiling it 50 pounds to Ihe cubic foot as piled, anyone can roughly estimate the i-h'.e of house required. S. Washington Co. An Inexpensive Method. 2d Premium. - The ice house mciy be trade of lumber or poles. 1 have seen seasons, especially where it is scarce and bird to get. A Header. ljcsidi.nce of Chas. Causey, West Union, Parke Co., Ind. The home has 11 rooms, . with wash room, bath and pantry, basement, furnace room, fruit room, work room pi.ied for hot aud cold water. Cost ?3,000. On the north side tliere should be two center posts so as to form a doorway, whieh may be supplied with slip boards or. the inside. Tiie space for the door should be no larger than is absolutely necessary, say two and one half feet vide and five feet high. The entrance should bo protected by a door on the outside, opening out, and by slip boards used on the other side of the studding for the sawdust or straw around the ice to rest against This forms what may be term- id doublo doors, leaving an air chamber cf some eight inches between the two. The udvantnges of tlie inside being of slip boards is that tlie boards may be rcmove-d fiom the top as ico is taken out making nc gre-at exposure to the outside atmosphere. As a foundation put in a good bedding of some non-conductor of heat; spent tan bark, rye straw, .charcoal and sawdust are all pvod /or this purpose, but the latter is th'tf best and tlie others should be obtained handily. It is sweet, porous, and does not decay or become nr.isty so as to affect the ice, nnd it provides good drainage. Pack up the cakes when the weather is cold. Fill all the interstices with pulverized ice, and then pour on water, and the whole will be frozen into a solid cake. The cakes should not be placed against the walls, but left off a few inches. This space is to be packed with straw or, what is better, shavings of pine or other resinous wood will be found most icliable for covering the ice. The more ice is secured in a body the longer will it be kept from ice keep well in either kind, but lumber is generally used. The house thould be made square. For the average a house 14 feet feet square is large enough. Plank up the sides ami strip ihe cracks. Put on a good roof. Have the floor so it will let all the water froui the melted ice drain off. If the water docs not drain off the ice melts rapidly. When ready to pack the ice, get Iresh, ciean sawdust and put a layer V/_ feet or 2 feet deep in the 1-ottom of the ice house. Puck solid by tramping or using a maul. Saw the ice in square blocks as large as can be handled conveniently. Place these blocks lies'.de each otlier in the ice house till ,i block about 10 feet square is formed in the center of the house. Then fill sawdust around the sides l'A to 2 feet thick, tramping and pounding it down solid. Keep filling in ice and pounding clown sawdust till you have as mucli ice in the house as you care for. Then place suwdust 18 inches deep over the top and tramp solid. Keep tlie sawdust packed sclid around tlie ice, lis it inells rapidly and is soon gone when hot weather comes if this is neglected. But if the ice is put away when iu good condition, aud is not rotten, and is placed in a solid block i': the ice houso, with no sawdust between the layers, and freezes jolid, as it generally does, and the sawdust is kept packed solid around the ice block, the farmer .-nd his family can enjoy ice from their own ice house all through the hot summer months. I have seeu it keep in this way till September. If the sawdust is taken care of, it may be used several Much Depends on Packing. od Premium.—For about twelve years I have put up enough ice- during winter to havo au ample supply for the warm summer months. We have a house 12 leer long, 12 feet wide, and 12 feet high to square, with a roof ou it. We have placed in this house a lloor about 0 or 8 inches fwm the ground, so as to permit ventilation underneath. The lloor and • sides are of rough boards, so as Lo permit any water caused by melting to escape. When the time comes to put in he, wc thoroughly pack about 1(5 inches of sawdust on the lloor. We then cut cur ice into cakis, 18x27 inches, whenever the thickness suits us, which we like to be from 8 to 10 inches. We cut our ci.kes ]S.v27 inches so as to form a square block when [lacked iu house. One must govern the size of cakes iby tlie size of leuse. We haul to the ice house on wagon or sled. In placing the ice in the ice bouse, we like to cross every other layer, so as to make it perfectly air tight. This incthol will avoid all trouble experienced iii ice melting and leaving large holes or openings whicli will admit ai rand sawdust in the center of your ice block, whicli causes it to melt all the faster. In the space between the block and wall, which should bo about 1(5 inches, we fill and pack with sawdust. We never .use new sawdust unless none other is obtainable. Like the dust to be at least one year old. Always us? tlie same dust in house that haa been used for years, only hauling enough to cover ice block to the depth of about 1- to 11 inches. We put in 8 or 9 loads of ice in this way, and always have plenty to last until cool weather. Put in 8 loads last year and have at present t-bout 2 loads left. The ice should be s:.ved and packed on a cold day, so as to avoid all melting and checking while packing in ice house. We are about one- l-.clf mile from gravel pit, where we get ice, and always put enough away in one day. Cine will lie amply repaid for all his troutile when warm weather arrives. We i.sre ice in a creamery to keep the cream at a right temperature after separating it. We make our own ice cream, iced teas, etc., etc. Wife says she could not make lutter in sjinmer without ice auy more. To try it one year is to always want it. Howard Co. J. N. S. Xo. 490, Sept. 30.—(Jive plans of a first class poultry house. No. 500, Oct. 7.—How should apples be gathered arrd stored for winter? .\o. 501, Oct. 14.—Tell about curing meats; sides, hams, heads, sausages, etc. We loarn of the recent death of Mr. C. M. Avery, of Peoria, 111., president of the Avery Manufacturing Company. Speaking of this company reminds us that when a boy, some 55 years ago, we drove a team from Danville, Illinois, to Peoria, about 150 miles, after a load of the Avery steel mold board plows then a new thing, but they are good ones. . Wesee several ways in which the experiment plat on the State Fair grounds, ran be made more interesting and valuable iu future years. A model farm garlen, for instance, ought to occupy part of the space. The effects of deep and shallov cultivation must be shown, side by side. The famous Campbell System can be illustrated, etc., etc.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1905, v. 60, no. 38 (Sept. 23) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA6038 |
Date of Original | 1905 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-01-25 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | VOLLX INDIANAPOLIS, SEPT. 23, 1905. NO 38 XZxvzrlcutz JJCspartnxcnt HOW TO MAKE AND HOUSE. USE AN ICE Drainage is Very Important. 1st Premium—The heat location for an ice house is upon the north side of a building but it should uot be uuder llic eaves. Tho Ibest Boil on whieh to build is one that is sullicient- ly porous to allow the water to leak tlrough without the necessity of using a drain, tis this makes way for a current of warm air. If the soil requires a drain, the outer ehii should be closed so that air currents C?nm>t penetrate the interior. If the soil is not sandy and porous, tlie bite for an ice house, to be built above ground, should be so elevated that tlie water from the eaves and that from the melting ice can be conducted off without Jilllcult.v. If a very cheap construction is to be built, and the soil is clay, take a few poles, rails, or scantling, about ten feet long, and lay them upon the ground a foot or so apart, until tho breadth of the bed is equal to the length, say ten feet sc,uare. Fill between with sawdust and cover with boards or slabs (one thickness), then put on a good bed of sawdust, and the platform is ready for the ice. If the soil is porous, the builder may excavate three or four feet deep, ten- or twelve feet square, and lay down scantling and cover with rough boards for a floor. It is not necessary to excavate, but is more convenient for filling. If the soil is gravelly, dig a pit and fill with round stones, and cover with sand first and then sawdust The water will escape easily through the sand and stones, and there will be no chance for currents of air to flow upward into the house. Use old sawdust. That which is new is liable to ferment ami give off heat when thoroughly packed. After the foundation is leady, set up studding, two by eight inch stuff, eight feet long, and at distances of three feet apart, if inch boards are used for cover. The covering boards should be well seasoned, so as to make tight joints. The outer wall, as high as the surface of the ground, may be nailed on the studs before they are set down upon the floor. Board up on both sides of the studs to the top, and pack the earth around the outer wall, leaving it to descend in all directions to carry off tbe surface water. Fill thet space between the boards (eight inches) to the top of the wall with fine charcoal, dry sawdust, or tan bark, well packed down. Or you may lay plates and put uf. studding in a double row, aud fill I elvveen with sawdust or tan bark well pressed down. jVfter filling up Uie fides nail a strip of board nicely over the top, to prevent rats or mice from burrowing within. Upon this the rafters nay h: allowed to rest; or the roof moy be made of whole boards running up to the lidge and battened. In either case the roof should project well over ihe wall on all sides. Lay on joists before the roof is put on. Nail a floor upon these, nnd give a good coating of sawdust This obviates the necessity of double roofiug. The roof should be quarter pitch, either of boards or shingles. In many parts of the country roofing-paper is employed instead of shingles. Such paper is very stron;.', and impervious to water, so that, aftor a heavy coat of paint, is applied to the surface of roof will be as tight u» tin. However, I do uot like a roof made so tight as to exclude air. Iu tht* -;iiblo i-"id of the house a smah door M1011M be constructed that may be opened find closed at pleasure. It may be simply a piece of board, six by eight inches, hung with light iron hinges, and shutiing t.gainst clouts that have been nailed upon the insi.le. When laying the floor beneath tlie roof, saw out n place six inches square ami tuck around on each side pieces of board, six or eight inches long, extending up as a tube through the sawdust. This is a cheap ventilator. melting. .V pile of ice ton feet square rnd ten feet high will contain al-out 25 tons. One twenty feet square and ten feet high will contain tine hundred tons, rll.ivvanco being made lor unfilled ••pares. Ice weighs 57 iKiuuds to ihe cubic foot, (.'tiling it 50 pounds to Ihe cubic foot as piled, anyone can roughly estimate the i-h'.e of house required. S. Washington Co. An Inexpensive Method. 2d Premium. - The ice house mciy be trade of lumber or poles. 1 have seen seasons, especially where it is scarce and bird to get. A Header. ljcsidi.nce of Chas. Causey, West Union, Parke Co., Ind. The home has 11 rooms, . with wash room, bath and pantry, basement, furnace room, fruit room, work room pi.ied for hot aud cold water. Cost ?3,000. On the north side tliere should be two center posts so as to form a doorway, whieh may be supplied with slip boards or. the inside. Tiie space for the door should be no larger than is absolutely necessary, say two and one half feet vide and five feet high. The entrance should bo protected by a door on the outside, opening out, and by slip boards used on the other side of the studding for the sawdust or straw around the ice to rest against This forms what may be term- id doublo doors, leaving an air chamber cf some eight inches between the two. The udvantnges of tlie inside being of slip boards is that tlie boards may be rcmove-d fiom the top as ico is taken out making nc gre-at exposure to the outside atmosphere. As a foundation put in a good bedding of some non-conductor of heat; spent tan bark, rye straw, .charcoal and sawdust are all pvod /or this purpose, but the latter is th'tf best and tlie others should be obtained handily. It is sweet, porous, and does not decay or become nr.isty so as to affect the ice, nnd it provides good drainage. Pack up the cakes when the weather is cold. Fill all the interstices with pulverized ice, and then pour on water, and the whole will be frozen into a solid cake. The cakes should not be placed against the walls, but left off a few inches. This space is to be packed with straw or, what is better, shavings of pine or other resinous wood will be found most icliable for covering the ice. The more ice is secured in a body the longer will it be kept from ice keep well in either kind, but lumber is generally used. The house thould be made square. For the average a house 14 feet feet square is large enough. Plank up the sides ami strip ihe cracks. Put on a good roof. Have the floor so it will let all the water froui the melted ice drain off. If the water docs not drain off the ice melts rapidly. When ready to pack the ice, get Iresh, ciean sawdust and put a layer V/_ feet or 2 feet deep in the 1-ottom of the ice house. Puck solid by tramping or using a maul. Saw the ice in square blocks as large as can be handled conveniently. Place these blocks lies'.de each otlier in the ice house till ,i block about 10 feet square is formed in the center of the house. Then fill sawdust around the sides l'A to 2 feet thick, tramping and pounding it down solid. Keep filling in ice and pounding clown sawdust till you have as mucli ice in the house as you care for. Then place suwdust 18 inches deep over the top and tramp solid. Keep tlie sawdust packed sclid around tlie ice, lis it inells rapidly and is soon gone when hot weather comes if this is neglected. But if the ice is put away when iu good condition, aud is not rotten, and is placed in a solid block i': the ice houso, with no sawdust between the layers, and freezes jolid, as it generally does, and the sawdust is kept packed solid around the ice block, the farmer .-nd his family can enjoy ice from their own ice house all through the hot summer months. I have seeu it keep in this way till September. If the sawdust is taken care of, it may be used several Much Depends on Packing. od Premium.—For about twelve years I have put up enough ice- during winter to havo au ample supply for the warm summer months. We have a house 12 leer long, 12 feet wide, and 12 feet high to square, with a roof ou it. We have placed in this house a lloor about 0 or 8 inches fwm the ground, so as to permit ventilation underneath. The lloor and • sides are of rough boards, so as Lo permit any water caused by melting to escape. When the time comes to put in he, wc thoroughly pack about 1(5 inches of sawdust on the lloor. We then cut cur ice into cakis, 18x27 inches, whenever the thickness suits us, which we like to be from 8 to 10 inches. We cut our ci.kes ]S.v27 inches so as to form a square block when [lacked iu house. One must govern the size of cakes iby tlie size of leuse. We haul to the ice house on wagon or sled. In placing the ice in the ice bouse, we like to cross every other layer, so as to make it perfectly air tight. This incthol will avoid all trouble experienced iii ice melting and leaving large holes or openings whicli will admit ai rand sawdust in the center of your ice block, whicli causes it to melt all the faster. In the space between the block and wall, which should bo about 1(5 inches, we fill and pack with sawdust. We never .use new sawdust unless none other is obtainable. Like the dust to be at least one year old. Always us? tlie same dust in house that haa been used for years, only hauling enough to cover ice block to the depth of about 1- to 11 inches. We put in 8 or 9 loads of ice in this way, and always have plenty to last until cool weather. Put in 8 loads last year and have at present t-bout 2 loads left. The ice should be s:.ved and packed on a cold day, so as to avoid all melting and checking while packing in ice house. We are about one- l-.clf mile from gravel pit, where we get ice, and always put enough away in one day. Cine will lie amply repaid for all his troutile when warm weather arrives. We i.sre ice in a creamery to keep the cream at a right temperature after separating it. We make our own ice cream, iced teas, etc., etc. Wife says she could not make lutter in sjinmer without ice auy more. To try it one year is to always want it. Howard Co. J. N. S. Xo. 490, Sept. 30.—(Jive plans of a first class poultry house. No. 500, Oct. 7.—How should apples be gathered arrd stored for winter? .\o. 501, Oct. 14.—Tell about curing meats; sides, hams, heads, sausages, etc. We loarn of the recent death of Mr. C. M. Avery, of Peoria, 111., president of the Avery Manufacturing Company. Speaking of this company reminds us that when a boy, some 55 years ago, we drove a team from Danville, Illinois, to Peoria, about 150 miles, after a load of the Avery steel mold board plows then a new thing, but they are good ones. . Wesee several ways in which the experiment plat on the State Fair grounds, ran be made more interesting and valuable iu future years. A model farm garlen, for instance, ought to occupy part of the space. The effects of deep and shallov cultivation must be shown, side by side. The famous Campbell System can be illustrated, etc., etc. |
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