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VOL. LX. INDIANAPOLIS, MAY 27, 1905. NO. 21 __xV8xXzutz gzvixxtmzuL EXPERIENCE WITH INCUBATORS AND BROODERS. Had Trouble With Brooders. 1st Premium.—Though I had studied the principles of artificial incubation for several years before, I never had the p.actical experience previous to the spring of '07, at which time I bought my first incubator i nd brooder. The incubator was of 100 egg capacity, and the brooder was, supposed (by the manufacturer) to take oare of the chicks, which was very erroneous indeed. My first discovery was that it was easy to hatch chicks ar- youugest are three weeks old to-day, and the oldest six weeks old, 230 of the latter living. Have two incubators, one 200 11 ml the other 220 egg capacity. They give mc no trouble whatever. After having filled them with as good eggs as I know how to produce, and adjusted regulators properly, I pay little attention to them, except fill and trim lamps once a day, turn eggs twice (whicli is quickly ■lone, if you know how) nir eggs once, look at thermometers about morning, noon and night. At night I can go to bed and sleep. I would not have an incubator that was not capable of taking care of itself over night. The incubator question docs not worry me in the least. There nre many makes being such a variety of conditions connected with different surroundings. Being without a cellar, I set my incubator in a well lighted room Uiat can also be thoroughly ventilated, and still not allow the sun to shine on tlie machine. Fresh air is requisite to (lie healthy development of the little fluffy chicks that we nil so much admire, but if the sun shines on the incubator, it increases the dilllculty of keeping the temperature right. I have found that, to get the best hatches, there are several things to consider. The first is to have good, fertile eggs from healthy chickens, tliren a good incubator, ami also to see that the machine is properly cared for. The eggs must not be allowed to get too hot, be kept clean, which requires that they l>e cleaned as often as every other day. Then it is all important to keep the temperature correct. If the brooder gets too cool, the little fellows will crowd and he likely to trample some to deatli; bo- sides a chilled chick is about as good as a dead one. And if the brooder becomes overheated, the chicks get so hot that when then get out in the air they take cold. Kither too much heat or cold is detrimental to a chick. Hamilton Co. A. T. B. Put Incubator in the Cellar. 3d Premium.—Three seasons ago I bought a high grado hot air incubator to experiment with. I got it early in tho -* ii tifiirp.- .rrzMjj____ _attame--.-- «~-J*»iB*'« .': • *-. >7r <*'*"-™"***y*;**-3 - .j. ** " ,.*■ - ' w-*1* i < * -** u** - - ■ ■ - ^ ( *Xi:s*&~*ts',* - . ", . ^' ~ ^i*^ii**s^i*%i_^__^, vs, ss*^.*~.r: %~ •gmggg? 3«*T»2fi The New Coliseum, the Home of the International Live Stock Exposition, Chicago. tihci.iiiy, but a very different proposition to raise '.hem. Judging by my first brooder, I concluded that all brooders were a fake, which idea clung to me for several years. I did uot wish to repeat my first experience—not too suddenly at least—after my horrid experience of coming out in the morning after my first glorious hatch,'' to find that the light in my brooder had lieen blown cut by the first little puff of wind that came for my special benefit alter I had Tetired. Now, imagine my consternation, on lifting the lid of that brooder, to find that f>0 of my 150 dear littlo Plymouth Rocks had passed to another clime. If I remember just right, I longed to see the manufacturer of that brooder in a very hot place, I having the privilege of stirring the coals. Yes, nnd those remaining hundred, with just a little breath left, looking up into my face, "chirp, chirp," as though they were calling to their mother, made me hot, but it didn't seem to warm them any. Now you know that a chilled chick is a dead chick. Hence, two days after my first incubator hatch, out of 150 healthy chicks I did not have one live chick. But that was not all. My second experience, I mean with the same incubator and brooder, was just about the same as the first. Then I utilized the_ old brooder for hens' nests. I now have four brooders in operation, all doing good work. Could not think of doing without them. Shall add more next season. At present have 492 living chicks out of 522, having lost 30. The of splendid machines. I mean incuba tors—will not say that of brooders. I think there nre very few good brooders, and those who have tlie right principles of a brooder seem to get careless in the manufacture of them, nnd sometimes they reach you in a very imperfect state. I consider a brooder of very much more* importance than the incubator, for what is the use of squandering eggs, oil and time, if you cannot raise the chicks? The person who, by reading poultry literature, becomes enthused to the point of suddenly and without experience cm- bsfrking in the poultry business, certainly, must come to grief, for I think it is one of the finest of arts. I am in it because I like it. I like the chick in the yard, and I like it on the table; and who don't? In conclusion will say, do not hatch more than you have the facilities to raise. In other words, have at least three brooders to one 200 egg incubator. Miami Co. E. D. Z. Has Less Trouble Than With Hens. 2d Premium.—I have used an incubator and brooders for the last six years, and have fouml them much less trouble than to have the care of so many hens. Of course, to make a success, one must have good machines, and as they are all claimed to be best it is hard to decide which kind to buy. I have been successful with the hot-water machine, both incubator and brooder. Tliere are always directions sent out with the machines, which we are to follow, but not blindly, ns it is necessary to use some good, common sense, even in running incubators, there nor too cold, and should be frequently aired and cooled. If the temperature is allowed to get too high, it is likely to kill the weaker germs; and if run too low, it causes a lagging hatch, so the chicks do not grow right, and consequently do not all get out of the shell. I have had hatches where every fertile egg hatched. When turning the eggs, night and morning, I always leave them out—a few minutes at the first, and a longer period as the incubation advances, till near the close I air ami cool them for half an hour or more, according to the weather. Nearly all incubators are claimed to supply the necessary moisture, but I have found j iu my experience that, unless it is a very damp time, it is a help, while the chicks nre hatching, to set n pan of hot water under the incubator for a short time, the steam supplying the needed moisture. I prefer this way to putting water into the egg chambers. I nlwnys remove tlie chicks from the incubator several times during the hatch, ns there is no nursery iu my mnchine, nnd the little fellows soon get too hot, if we may judge from the way they pant. I have used several makes of brooders, and have come to the conclusion that those supplying top heat suit me best. When bottom heat is also given the floor of the brooder might become so wnrm that thechicks become over heated, which causes bowel trouble. The brooder should be good and warm, ready to receive the little fellows by the time they are 24 hours old. sVfter chicks are put in the brooder, do not think the trouble is all over, because it is not. The brooders have to spring, ami I set it a going in the cellar. I hatched 00 per cent of the fertile eggs, imd I raised a satisfactory per cent of chicks. The next time I filled it, I put it in the barn, a warm .barn too, and got a very good hatch, but the chicks were not so strong as the first hatch and I lost 40 per cent of them. So I filled it again, ami put it in the sitting room, and lost 50 per cent. So I put it back in tho cellar, nnd that is the place for incubntion. From SO to 00 per cent of the fertile eggs will hatch in the cellnr, becnuse no cool nir can get in or out, and the temperature seldom changes. Little chicks must be kept clean, dry and warm, and havo healthful nourishment and exercise. They should not be removed from tlie incubator until they are thoroughly dry, and then placed immediately in the brooder, which lias been previously provided with clean paper in the bottom, covered with one- half inch doep of elenn, dry sand, and heated to about 90 degrees. The paper prevents filth from sticking to the bottom, and the sand keeps the chicks clean and dry. Both paper and sand should be changed every other day. In regulating the heat, watch its effect on the chicks. If they huddle together and cry, they are too cold; if they lift their wings and pant, they are too wnrm. There is much danger of overheating them and then letting them get chilled. If a chilled chick does not die immediately, it Seldom reaches maturity. C. A. U. New Jersey. No. 482, June 3.—Show the difference Continued on page 9.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1905, v. 60, no. 21 (May 27) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA6021 |
Date of Original | 1905 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-01-25 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | VOL. LX. INDIANAPOLIS, MAY 27, 1905. NO. 21 __xV8xXzutz gzvixxtmzuL EXPERIENCE WITH INCUBATORS AND BROODERS. Had Trouble With Brooders. 1st Premium.—Though I had studied the principles of artificial incubation for several years before, I never had the p.actical experience previous to the spring of '07, at which time I bought my first incubator i nd brooder. The incubator was of 100 egg capacity, and the brooder was, supposed (by the manufacturer) to take oare of the chicks, which was very erroneous indeed. My first discovery was that it was easy to hatch chicks ar- youugest are three weeks old to-day, and the oldest six weeks old, 230 of the latter living. Have two incubators, one 200 11 ml the other 220 egg capacity. They give mc no trouble whatever. After having filled them with as good eggs as I know how to produce, and adjusted regulators properly, I pay little attention to them, except fill and trim lamps once a day, turn eggs twice (whicli is quickly ■lone, if you know how) nir eggs once, look at thermometers about morning, noon and night. At night I can go to bed and sleep. I would not have an incubator that was not capable of taking care of itself over night. The incubator question docs not worry me in the least. There nre many makes being such a variety of conditions connected with different surroundings. Being without a cellar, I set my incubator in a well lighted room Uiat can also be thoroughly ventilated, and still not allow the sun to shine on tlie machine. Fresh air is requisite to (lie healthy development of the little fluffy chicks that we nil so much admire, but if the sun shines on the incubator, it increases the dilllculty of keeping the temperature right. I have found that, to get the best hatches, there are several things to consider. The first is to have good, fertile eggs from healthy chickens, tliren a good incubator, ami also to see that the machine is properly cared for. The eggs must not be allowed to get too hot, be kept clean, which requires that they l>e cleaned as often as every other day. Then it is all important to keep the temperature correct. If the brooder gets too cool, the little fellows will crowd and he likely to trample some to deatli; bo- sides a chilled chick is about as good as a dead one. And if the brooder becomes overheated, the chicks get so hot that when then get out in the air they take cold. Kither too much heat or cold is detrimental to a chick. Hamilton Co. A. T. B. Put Incubator in the Cellar. 3d Premium.—Three seasons ago I bought a high grado hot air incubator to experiment with. I got it early in tho -* ii tifiirp.- .rrzMjj____ _attame--.-- «~-J*»iB*'« .': • *-. >7r <*'*"-™"***y*;**-3 - .j. ** " ,.*■ - ' w-*1* i < * -** u** - - ■ ■ - ^ ( *Xi:s*&~*ts',* - . ", . ^' ~ ^i*^ii**s^i*%i_^__^, vs, ss*^.*~.r: %~ •gmggg? 3«*T»2fi The New Coliseum, the Home of the International Live Stock Exposition, Chicago. tihci.iiiy, but a very different proposition to raise '.hem. Judging by my first brooder, I concluded that all brooders were a fake, which idea clung to me for several years. I did uot wish to repeat my first experience—not too suddenly at least—after my horrid experience of coming out in the morning after my first glorious hatch,'' to find that the light in my brooder had lieen blown cut by the first little puff of wind that came for my special benefit alter I had Tetired. Now, imagine my consternation, on lifting the lid of that brooder, to find that f>0 of my 150 dear littlo Plymouth Rocks had passed to another clime. If I remember just right, I longed to see the manufacturer of that brooder in a very hot place, I having the privilege of stirring the coals. Yes, nnd those remaining hundred, with just a little breath left, looking up into my face, "chirp, chirp," as though they were calling to their mother, made me hot, but it didn't seem to warm them any. Now you know that a chilled chick is a dead chick. Hence, two days after my first incubator hatch, out of 150 healthy chicks I did not have one live chick. But that was not all. My second experience, I mean with the same incubator and brooder, was just about the same as the first. Then I utilized the_ old brooder for hens' nests. I now have four brooders in operation, all doing good work. Could not think of doing without them. Shall add more next season. At present have 492 living chicks out of 522, having lost 30. The of splendid machines. I mean incuba tors—will not say that of brooders. I think there nre very few good brooders, and those who have tlie right principles of a brooder seem to get careless in the manufacture of them, nnd sometimes they reach you in a very imperfect state. I consider a brooder of very much more* importance than the incubator, for what is the use of squandering eggs, oil and time, if you cannot raise the chicks? The person who, by reading poultry literature, becomes enthused to the point of suddenly and without experience cm- bsfrking in the poultry business, certainly, must come to grief, for I think it is one of the finest of arts. I am in it because I like it. I like the chick in the yard, and I like it on the table; and who don't? In conclusion will say, do not hatch more than you have the facilities to raise. In other words, have at least three brooders to one 200 egg incubator. Miami Co. E. D. Z. Has Less Trouble Than With Hens. 2d Premium.—I have used an incubator and brooders for the last six years, and have fouml them much less trouble than to have the care of so many hens. Of course, to make a success, one must have good machines, and as they are all claimed to be best it is hard to decide which kind to buy. I have been successful with the hot-water machine, both incubator and brooder. Tliere are always directions sent out with the machines, which we are to follow, but not blindly, ns it is necessary to use some good, common sense, even in running incubators, there nor too cold, and should be frequently aired and cooled. If the temperature is allowed to get too high, it is likely to kill the weaker germs; and if run too low, it causes a lagging hatch, so the chicks do not grow right, and consequently do not all get out of the shell. I have had hatches where every fertile egg hatched. When turning the eggs, night and morning, I always leave them out—a few minutes at the first, and a longer period as the incubation advances, till near the close I air ami cool them for half an hour or more, according to the weather. Nearly all incubators are claimed to supply the necessary moisture, but I have found j iu my experience that, unless it is a very damp time, it is a help, while the chicks nre hatching, to set n pan of hot water under the incubator for a short time, the steam supplying the needed moisture. I prefer this way to putting water into the egg chambers. I nlwnys remove tlie chicks from the incubator several times during the hatch, ns there is no nursery iu my mnchine, nnd the little fellows soon get too hot, if we may judge from the way they pant. I have used several makes of brooders, and have come to the conclusion that those supplying top heat suit me best. When bottom heat is also given the floor of the brooder might become so wnrm that thechicks become over heated, which causes bowel trouble. The brooder should be good and warm, ready to receive the little fellows by the time they are 24 hours old. sVfter chicks are put in the brooder, do not think the trouble is all over, because it is not. The brooders have to spring, ami I set it a going in the cellar. I hatched 00 per cent of the fertile eggs, imd I raised a satisfactory per cent of chicks. The next time I filled it, I put it in the barn, a warm .barn too, and got a very good hatch, but the chicks were not so strong as the first hatch and I lost 40 per cent of them. So I filled it again, ami put it in the sitting room, and lost 50 per cent. So I put it back in tho cellar, nnd that is the place for incubntion. From SO to 00 per cent of the fertile eggs will hatch in the cellnr, becnuse no cool nir can get in or out, and the temperature seldom changes. Little chicks must be kept clean, dry and warm, and havo healthful nourishment and exercise. They should not be removed from tlie incubator until they are thoroughly dry, and then placed immediately in the brooder, which lias been previously provided with clean paper in the bottom, covered with one- half inch doep of elenn, dry sand, and heated to about 90 degrees. The paper prevents filth from sticking to the bottom, and the sand keeps the chicks clean and dry. Both paper and sand should be changed every other day. In regulating the heat, watch its effect on the chicks. If they huddle together and cry, they are too cold; if they lift their wings and pant, they are too wnrm. There is much danger of overheating them and then letting them get chilled. If a chilled chick does not die immediately, it Seldom reaches maturity. C. A. U. New Jersey. No. 482, June 3.—Show the difference Continued on page 9. |
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