How Butter Makers get big Prices for Butter the year Bound.
The use of the Portable Creamery is the Secret.
Of all modern Inventions in the dairy
implement line, the deep can method of
setting milk takes the lead; and the portable creamery, as now manufactured, is the
most convenient and economical way of
using the deep cans.
WHAT IS A rORTAIil.E CREAMERY?
It may be defined as a water-tight box
with a cover, holding deep cans in which
milk is set as drawn from the cow, and the
box filled with ice water or cold well or
spring water. That was the original style
of making portable creameries, and while
it was a great improvement over the shallow pan setting, it involved considerable
labor and bother in lifting in and out the
heavy cans of milk. So inventors improved this crude creamery by fastening
tlie cans in the tank and providing faucets
for drawing oft" the milk and cream at the
bottom of the cans.
HOW IT WORKS.
It is found that if warm fresh milk is
put in a deep can set in ice water,
the milk being rapidly cooled, the
cream being much the lighter will rise
rapidly to the top, so that in a few hours—
from 4 to 8—the cream is all up and can be
skimmed and the can used for a fresh setting. Practically, the skimming is done
in the morning and at night in time for
the next milking to be set.
ITS ADVANTAGES.
Instead of a lot pans, crocks or pots to be
washed, scalded, sunned and" handled in
various ways, one to three or more tin cans
are used and not handled or sunned at all,
as the milk never sours in the creamery
when ice or cold water is used, consequently thero is no danger of particles of sour
milk remaining in the cans to start fermentation in the next lot put in. Then
the skimmed milk is sweet to use in the
house or to feed, the skimming is done by
simply opening a faucet and letting the
milk run out, a small glass window in the
can showing when the cream reaches the
faucet, when it is closed and the cream
pail being set under the faucet, it is again
opened and the cream runs out. That is
the whole process, but it does not give a
good idea of the
GREAT SATISFACTION
in knowing that the cream will always be
the same both winter and summer; in
winter there is no freezing—with the resulting poor butter, no thunder-soured
milk in summer, no Hies in the cream (the
cans have covers provided with fly-proof
ventilators), no suicidal mice found in the
cans in the morning when going to skim,
no cats gently lapping up the cream, nothing that is disagreeable, but a good satisfactory time right through the whole
year. But the portable creamery can be
used
WITHOUT ICE
if that is not to be had, though it may be
said that no farmer will ever regret building and filling an ice house if he lives in a
climate where ice freezes three inches
thick. Thicker ice is better of course, but
this thickness or even less will do if no
thicker is made. Apart from its value in
the dairy, ice is ^found so useful in the
house that there alone it will pay for its
harvesting. If there is a good well or
spring, the water at 55° in temperature it
can be used with perfect success in the
creamery, but it will take longer to raise
the cream and the creamery should be
large enough to hold two milkings, so that
the milk can remain in the creamery 24
hours before it is skimmed. If the water
at 55° can be conveyed to the creamery
I without loss of cold and allowed  to run
through it all the time then the cream will
all be raised in 12 hours or between milkings.
SOME MIN6R POINTS.
Some of the portable creameries that are
made in the cabinet style have  the  space
under the cans enclosed with double walls
and this apartment can be used  as  a   refrigerator in which to keep the cream during the  hot  weather.   Tlie  temperature
of this refrigerator is about right to properly ripen the cream in summer, when only two churnings a week are made.   It is
also a convenient place to keep butter  for
home use, or whilo waiting to send   it   to
market. . A dish of strawberries  or  other
fresh fruit can bo set there to cool  and  it
will not injure the  flavor of  the  cream.
If some skimmed milk is  wanted  before
milking time, it   can   be  drawn   without
disturbing cream; a glass of cold milk   in
harvest weather is nice, but  it   won't   do
for the  whole  family  to have tho "free
run" of the creamery becauso they might,
if all milklovers.not use a proper discrimination in judging when   the   cream   line
was iu sight and drink tlie cream also.
QUANTITY OF CREAM.
The quantity of cream, as raised in a
portable creamery exceeds that raised in
shallow pans from the same quantity of
milk, but it is much thinner, and though
shallow pans will raiso all the cream when
tain grade of cream and it can always be
furnished of just that exact grade; it will
not be thick and leathery one time and
thin the next, the customer will know just
what to expect and, if the creamery is
managed right, he will get just what he
wants every time.
SELECTINf- A CREAMERY.
In buying a creamery some important
points are to be taken into consideration.
So far as raising the cream is concerned,
all creameries will do that, but some are
capable of raising the cream in a shorter
time than others and are much more convenient to manage.   Tlie tank should have
room to put in largo pieces of ice, and yet
not be so large that there will be too large
a body  of water to cool;   the  faucets, if
outside the creamery aro handier than if
they are placed underneath the cans in the
refrigerator and the glass window for observing the cream line when skimming
should be so placed that it can be readily
seen and if there is no water space between
tho glass and the milk, all the better.   The
faucets  should  be   mado of brass and so
constructed that there will be no danger of
leakage and also bo easily removed   for
cleaning.     The  whole   creamery should
have double walls, with an air spaco to prevent loss of cold, and should be well and
substantially made.
WILL IT FAY?
build the fence crossing tho stream. This
should not be so and need not be if the
plan shown is followed. Forked posts are
lirmly set or driven near the edge of the
stream; in the prongs at the top is laid a
long pole, in which have been previously
MOSLIE\N OfCIDEM IRBAMbRl.
The size shown above has milk eapadt* for 22 to 2., cow s. While this port-ble
creamery is adapted to the use of farmers and dairymen who send their cream
to public creameries or butter factories, itis perhaps more generally used by
those who make butter at home. It is so constructed, that in use therewlll.be
no lifting of cans nor skimming of milk.AlI the cream can be obtained and at all
seasons of the year, and a uniform article produced, for if the creamery is used
in accordance with directions, the conditions are thesame in July as in January
If the advantages already mentioned that a portable creamery has
over the old-fash-
i o n ed method of
milk setting are
r e a 1—a n d t h ou-
sands can testify
that t h ey are—
then it will be
readily seen that in
taking the dollar
view of it alone, it
will pay to buy a
portable creamery.
But though the dollar is the standard
by which all busi-
ness transactions
are measured, yet
t h e ro are other
considerat ions
whichpshould weigh
in the matter, one
only need bo mentioned at present
and that is the
benefit to the
farmer's wife.
Many a farmer's
wife  is to-day car-
bored two-inch holes, and split strips long
enough to reach the surface of the water in
a dry time are inserted in these holes.
To theso strips are firmly nailed other
strips, making the whole gate firm and
very substantial.   Immediately abovet he
supporting  pole at each  end, wire is attached to the forked posts, as shown.  This
keeps the whole apparatus firmly in position. It is plain that as the water rises and
presses against the bottom of the strips
they are pushed down stream and all flood
wood or even stumps when the current
carries them against the strips are not retarded in their progress, as the bottom of
the gate swings down stream and of its
own gravity comes in position again as
soon as the freshet subsides.   This is certainly a cheap, serviceable affair and the
most rapid current will not destroy it.—
Kural Xew Yorker.
the conditions are just right, yet it is impossible to always have them right, whereas the conditions can be controlled to a
nicety in the creamery and the user can
be sure of not only getting all the cream
from each milking, but of getting the
same quality. While the quantity of
cream raised in a creamery is large, the
quality is good and if ripened properly
will make perfect butter. In fact one of
the great advantages of the creamery is
that the butter can be made of a
UNIFORM QUALITY
the whole year because the cream itself is
uniform and only bad management after
it is skimmed can make a change for the
worse in the butter. And here comes another source of profit; if the butter is always of the same good quality there will
be no difficulty in selling it, no apologies
will have to be made becauso the weather
was too hot or too cold. The milk once
set in the creamery is not aftectcd by the
state of the weather.
SELI.INO CREAM.
If butter is not made at home and cream
s sold to a public creamery or to private
customers, the price can be fixed for a cer-
ing for milk of a herd of cows and setting
it in heavy stone crocks or pots. Twice
every day these pots have to be lifted to be
washed, scalded and aired, filled with
milk and set away. The amount of human strength, of woman strength, required to do this work, if put into easily
understood figures would astonish anyone
who has not given the subject much
thought. The injury to a, woman's, a
mother's, health caused by this laborious
work, cannot be put into figures but the
work can, and no doubt often does, put
the woman herself upon a bed of sickness
or into the grave long before tlie time
when, from natural causes, she would go
there.
STII.L THE DOLLAR.
So, still using the dollar standard of
value, the doctor's bill alone—if that
should be the worst expense—would often
more than pay for a first class portable
creamery. C. L. Ames.
Lyons, Iowa.
THE  OUTLOOK  AT  CHINOOK,  MONTANA.
The following extracts from a letter just
received from Chinook, Montana:
Chinook is growing rapidly and every
one is confident of future prosperity.
Numerous additions and improvements
are already in progress. Mr. Hideout expects soon to commence the erection of an
addition to his hotel, lie says he is overcrowded now with people seeking homes
and of the business men hero in town.
We want some good tenement houses
built at once, several parties want to rent
houses, but none in town for rent. Houses
costing *n>00 to *n>00 can be rented for £12 to
§15 per month. Any one wanting to invest cannot do better than erecting tenement houses here.
The Kailroad Company expect to build a
large wood warehouse here soon, and erect
large permanent stock yards. They refused to grant trackage to any one at
present, saying that they will need all for
their own use and additional side tracts.
Preparations are being made by the sheep
men to shear south of old Belknap whero
feed is plenty.
The weather is warm and pleasant today, everyone sitting with open doors, and
water running in the streets. Our winter
has been colder than usual with considerable snow, but healthy and pleasant notwithstanding. Tho survey will be commenced soon as the weather will permit,
and it is thought that Chinook will be
made the initial or starting point of tlie
survey, to enable the greatest number of
settlors to enter and raise crops on their
lands this season, and fence and make
permanent improvement also.
How to Construct Flood Gates.
Flood gates are constructed by only a
few farmers in a proper manner and many
are compelled after every freshet to re-
Sul*EltINTENDENT    BolSERT    P.    POBTKR
lias issued a circular stating that no assessor or other person connected with matters
of taxation shall be eligible for the position of enumerator. Farmers and others
should remember that the enumerators,
and all other officers connected with the
Census, are sworn not to reveal to any one
outside of tlieir official relations any of the
factsand figures obtained. The information
is never published in the names of individuals, but only when summed up in
figures by counties and by States.