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jOh. XXIII. INDIANAPOLIS, IND., SATURDAY, OCT, 20,1888. NO. 42 SWAMPS OF THE AMAZON. j The Amazon is a wonderful river. The Utives call it Paranatinga and Guiana; Europeans call it Maranon, or Maran- hiD, Silimoens, Orellana and Amazon. Its head waters or sources are in the An- There are three rivers, which rising rithin one hundred miles of the Pacific toast, have been regarded as the main stream. The names of these three rivers ^re Ucayali, TuDguragua and Beni. Be- i these there flows in this great river leventeen other large-sized rivers, and fcrer two hundred tributaries. It ia estimated the Amazon and its many tribu- ries drain a surface of territory of over ) million, five hundred thousand square ailes. The mouth of the Amazon was discovered in 1500 by Yanez Pinzon. In 1539 j'Orellana explored it through its whole burse, descending it from near Quito to its mouth. In 1513 a Spanish. adventurer pad visited its upper waters, and gave i his name—Maranon. Its length, ac OTdtng to Lieutenant Herndon of the United States Survey, who explored it by Jiirection of our Govern- Jxent |in 1851-'52, from JOraya, the source of the ■Huallaga branch, to the J?ara mouth, is 3,944miles. jit a distance of 2,830 piles from its mouth it is too yards wide; 2,325 miles I tarn the sea it is three- Jlt-rtersof a mile wide; |'J_rty.n>e miles above its laouthit is ten miles in |*idth, and at its mouth Inhere a large island di- Jrides the current, it is 180 ailes in width. The region bordering |M_ great stream is ex- hesdingly fertile, and cov- J'ted with vast forests. jBtfon Humboldt says: I'll the name of primeval latest can be given to any Rpston the face of the |'-Wh, none can so stri.tly Silm it as thos3 that fill •«8 connected basin of l-toOrlnoco and Amazon." . Thebanksof the Amazon are elevated .but? ^ ordInary weight of the river, fish v theralny season it overflows L S &nd00yers districts with its wa- | >. hundreds of miles in extent. The ■iior- fercePtibly aflect its waters 400 miles .'flint outh- There are no falls in it Isoar navigation, except near the I'-litTi°fItS headwaters. It is asserted iHrni if °f froml.°00 to 2,000 tons bur- 1 •* trir, be emPloyed on this river and I^stl tarie8,a combined extent of not h. h.10,000 mlles' and smaller steam- ;°r at least as much more. of the j61 is qiite deep at the very edge I'W^f?* not having those sloping It , Wch characterize most streams. ?featIRrmS With alligators through the i>)ail,r part of Its course. Choice fish are *ater lnUs watersi ll0B«> lizards and *W??enUare plenty. And the> for- fc«h_, • order u are filled with bears, n,*1?' Jagaars and other animals. ^rs i * wonderf ul phenomenon which 5j«vea hl8 river> Itis caHedby the if*rs_P0,rOr0CO More 'han la hundred '•»mir.A !'Was "^covered by LaCon- iip 8asrollows: Jaioong 't^68 days before tbe new and full Nns'J* P6tiod of the highest tides, the ''* flood °f ^^Py'ng six hours to reach 'Mw0 u\iWma t0 "8 highest limit in one •». tg ,lnntes. The noise ot this terrible ^69as6HdfiTe or Smiles, and in- »a uq " aPProaches. Presently you channel, and advance with prodigious rapidity, rending and crashing everything in their way. Large trees are often uprooted by it, and sometimes whole tracts of land are carried away. No vessel can withstand it, and they seek shelter from its violence in the many coves." Crop Outlook ln America and Europe. corn .nor. The official report of the Department of Agriculture makes the area in corn for the crop of this year 75,400,000 acres, and the yield 26 bushels per acre. This makes the crop 1,900,000,000, being the largest ever grown in this country. WHEAT CROP OP ENGLAND. The Mark Line Express says; Present indications are for something very nearly' approaching, or attaining, a full average of 28 bushels per acre. The magnificent weather which has obtained of late has brought the latter crops into the stackyard in much finer condition than those harvested earlier in the more forward districts. In fact the first has be«n last, and the last first, inasmuch as wheats For ten years ending with 1887 the annual production waB 294,075,000 bushels of wheat, and 68,985,000 bushels of rye. Daring this period the average annual net importation of wheat and flour has been equivalent to 46,000,000 bushels, implying an average consumption of 340,000,000 bushels or about 67,000,000 bushels more than the estimated production this season- The area sown in wheat and rye this season compares with 1887 as follows: 1883 1887 Wheat, hectares .7,0£5,161 6,<«;,466 do. acres 17,261,008 17,-17,301 Bye,hectares ],«H 035 ],6M,?9; do. acres 8,990,048 4,013,800 The Paris Bulletin des Halles estimates the wheat crop of France at 89,274,828 hectoliters, or 253,361,000 bushels, and about 5 per cent lighter than last year in average weight of the grain. spring: wheat regions of this country. The Press, of St. Paul, Minn., figuring from the spring wheat sections of the northwest,says that the Dakota yield Is 40 per cent less than that of last year, and nearly that for Minnesota, and concludes: "A decrease of 40 per cent then, as corn- yield was quite 1,000,000 quarters smaller than in the present season. It is curious to note this reserve on the part of Indian sellers, for it isnet marked enough to suggest any general dissatisfaction with prices paid by Ear ope, and yet it is marked enongh to contrast very strongly with what the yield of 1888 would have led us to look for. AVhen we say the "yield" we mean the Indian Government's official report of the yield. Opinions are already hrard that the two expressions may by no means be synonymous. THE SWAMPS OF THE AMAZON. Hi.' 1 Promontory 12 or 15 feet high, "^tlmas another4 and another, and i'*tyrQor,nre!eaby'<* fourth. These wa- at&ins spread across the whole which looked like goIngHinto stack until March,at best,have now been thrashed out of the field and marketed. This feature Is the one which has alltodo with thodeoline in values; a material quantity of English wheat Is being thrown on the market,both here and locally,whloh is very much out of condition, and which can only be used In connection with dry and flinty foreign descriptions. This did very well at first when only a few native samples were shown, inasmuch as it saved the miller the trouble of sprinkling certain foreign wheats; but now the supply of badly-conditioned native wheat is sufficient to turn the advantage to the millers'benefit and they—having needy sellers to deal with— are doing their best to knock down values. The position is peculiar. Millers cannot buy largely--as they did last year, of magnificent wheat at, say,10s. per quarter less money—because it will not bear storing either In bags or in bulk, and the producer, when he has threshed it, Is still less able to hold it in any form. WHEAT AND BYE IN FRANCE. The preliminary official estimate of the production of wheat and rye in France shows the following compared with reported crons of previous years, reduced to bushelsbyPthe Cincinnati Price Current: Wheat. Br". ,_ ...273 668,0 0 62139,000 !„ ...813,15.000 67,191000 !„» ...2»,103,000 61,163,0 0 }_ ""- .. ..312,012,000 63,322,000 J^ ..324,130,000 74,514,000 1883.. . J01,4CO,C03 '_ JM6,610,000 }?r 274.690,000 _5£ H7,068,000 7',5O3,00J 83 684,000 6',S50 0CO 71,853,000 53,612,000 68,646,C00 pared with last year's yield of |nearly 100,- 000,000 bushels, may be considered a very fair estimate, as applied to the entire wheat yield of the Northwest for this season. There are many well posted gentlemen who think that not one-half of last year's crop will be harvested. Whether later returns will confirm their views remains to be seen. The estimate here given is based upon actual figures, and is also in accordance with the opinions of conservative men." WHEAT CROP OF GERMANY. The London Miller has the following on the German crop: In Germany the wheat crop has been secured in better condition than seemed likely a month ago. The southern kingdoms have a better yield than the north, bo that the total wheat crop of the new German Empire is not now thought to be more than 5 per cent under an average. Heavy import duties have failed to raise the price of wheat to a 40a level, the present average being 39s per quarter, and the markets proving difficult to maintain at that price. TO. CROP IN INDIA. The London Miller says: Indian wheat shipments cannot be considered insignificant, there being at the present moment 374,000 quarters on passage as compared with 349.000 quarters at this time last year. But the weekly shipments for the first three weeks of September have been rather under 100,000 quarters, and the - total shipped since May brought the new crop forward has been smaller than in 1887, when the wheat Hedge Fences—Information Wanted. Editors Indiana Farmer: Some seven years ago, while I was yet a resident of your State, the Michigan Hedge company were making contracts and setting out plants under their system of hedge fence building, and as the fence question is being agitated in this State, and the above named company is just commencing operations here under the same or similar contracts as used in Indiana, but using honey locust plants instead of Osage Orange, the farmers are anxious to know what are the results and experience of those who had hedge fences set and grown under the contracts and system of the Michigan or other hedge fence companies, or by their own cultivation of hedge fences. What we desire to know is, were the contracts of the company complied with satisfactorily. Have the plants as set and cultivated made effective and satisfactory fences—cattle and pig proof? Were the fences excessive in their cost, or expensive to keep up? Are they difficult to keepclean and free from noxious weeds and shrubs, or to cultivate the field on the field side of the fence? Di we want hedge fences? The advice and experience of your readers will oblige many Wisconsin farmers. Madison, Wis. A Tyner. —Many of our readers will remember our friend Mr. Tyner, as an enthusiastic member of the Grange years ago, and for some time in charge of the supply house in this city. We trust that his request for i tformation regarding hedge fences, will bo complied with by any one have experience on the point he refers to.—Eds. The Blue Catfish for Ponds. Editors Indiana Farmer: I have been growing these fish now about four years, and find them superior to anything in the fnh catalogue for the ponds and all kinds of water. If your readers never grew any catfish they can have no Idea how nice they are to have in a pond. They do well in a carp pond with carp, and are a benefit to the pond in this way: they keep out all crawfish and tad poles or polliwogs, and many Insects that destroy carp spawn. They will eat all crawfish that come into the pond, and all know what a pest they are to make holes in the embankments and waste the water. They do well in any kind of water, and are always ready for the table. The blue catfish is solid and nice. They will bite a hook at any season of the year, when any other fi.h will bite, and they will eat most any thing you feed them, in the way of meats, bread, etc. They are fast growers, and all the flesh is as clear of bones as the bass. W. H. Dye. Philadelphia. Hanson Craig, of Kentucky, is probably the heaviest man in the world. His weight is given at 792 pounds, and It requires 37 yards of cloth to make him a suit. He is six feet four and a half inches in height, is 32 years old, and weighed 11 pounds at birth. When two-years-old he took a $1,000 prize in New York, tipping the beam at 206 pounds at that time. His father weighed 115 pounds and his mother 122.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1888, v. 23, no. 42 (Oct. 20) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA2342 |
Date of Original | 1888 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2011-01-19 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript | jOh. XXIII. INDIANAPOLIS, IND., SATURDAY, OCT, 20,1888. NO. 42 SWAMPS OF THE AMAZON. j The Amazon is a wonderful river. The Utives call it Paranatinga and Guiana; Europeans call it Maranon, or Maran- hiD, Silimoens, Orellana and Amazon. Its head waters or sources are in the An- There are three rivers, which rising rithin one hundred miles of the Pacific toast, have been regarded as the main stream. The names of these three rivers ^re Ucayali, TuDguragua and Beni. Be- i these there flows in this great river leventeen other large-sized rivers, and fcrer two hundred tributaries. It ia estimated the Amazon and its many tribu- ries drain a surface of territory of over ) million, five hundred thousand square ailes. The mouth of the Amazon was discovered in 1500 by Yanez Pinzon. In 1539 j'Orellana explored it through its whole burse, descending it from near Quito to its mouth. In 1513 a Spanish. adventurer pad visited its upper waters, and gave i his name—Maranon. Its length, ac OTdtng to Lieutenant Herndon of the United States Survey, who explored it by Jiirection of our Govern- Jxent |in 1851-'52, from JOraya, the source of the ■Huallaga branch, to the J?ara mouth, is 3,944miles. jit a distance of 2,830 piles from its mouth it is too yards wide; 2,325 miles I tarn the sea it is three- Jlt-rtersof a mile wide; |'J_rty.n>e miles above its laouthit is ten miles in |*idth, and at its mouth Inhere a large island di- Jrides the current, it is 180 ailes in width. The region bordering |M_ great stream is ex- hesdingly fertile, and cov- J'ted with vast forests. jBtfon Humboldt says: I'll the name of primeval latest can be given to any Rpston the face of the |'-Wh, none can so stri.tly Silm it as thos3 that fill •«8 connected basin of l-toOrlnoco and Amazon." . Thebanksof the Amazon are elevated .but? ^ ordInary weight of the river, fish v theralny season it overflows L S &nd00yers districts with its wa- | >. hundreds of miles in extent. The ■iior- fercePtibly aflect its waters 400 miles .'flint outh- There are no falls in it Isoar navigation, except near the I'-litTi°fItS headwaters. It is asserted iHrni if °f froml.°00 to 2,000 tons bur- 1 •* trir, be emPloyed on this river and I^stl tarie8,a combined extent of not h. h.10,000 mlles' and smaller steam- ;°r at least as much more. of the j61 is qiite deep at the very edge I'W^f?* not having those sloping It , Wch characterize most streams. ?featIRrmS With alligators through the i>)ail,r part of Its course. Choice fish are *ater lnUs watersi ll0B«> lizards and *W??enUare plenty. And the> for- fc«h_, • order u are filled with bears, n,*1?' Jagaars and other animals. ^rs i * wonderf ul phenomenon which 5j«vea hl8 river> Itis caHedby the if*rs_P0,rOr0CO More 'han la hundred '•»mir.A !'Was "^covered by LaCon- iip 8asrollows: Jaioong 't^68 days before tbe new and full Nns'J* P6tiod of the highest tides, the ''* flood °f ^^Py'ng six hours to reach 'Mw0 u\iWma t0 "8 highest limit in one •». tg ,lnntes. The noise ot this terrible ^69as6HdfiTe or Smiles, and in- »a uq " aPProaches. Presently you channel, and advance with prodigious rapidity, rending and crashing everything in their way. Large trees are often uprooted by it, and sometimes whole tracts of land are carried away. No vessel can withstand it, and they seek shelter from its violence in the many coves." Crop Outlook ln America and Europe. corn .nor. The official report of the Department of Agriculture makes the area in corn for the crop of this year 75,400,000 acres, and the yield 26 bushels per acre. This makes the crop 1,900,000,000, being the largest ever grown in this country. WHEAT CROP OP ENGLAND. The Mark Line Express says; Present indications are for something very nearly' approaching, or attaining, a full average of 28 bushels per acre. The magnificent weather which has obtained of late has brought the latter crops into the stackyard in much finer condition than those harvested earlier in the more forward districts. In fact the first has be«n last, and the last first, inasmuch as wheats For ten years ending with 1887 the annual production waB 294,075,000 bushels of wheat, and 68,985,000 bushels of rye. Daring this period the average annual net importation of wheat and flour has been equivalent to 46,000,000 bushels, implying an average consumption of 340,000,000 bushels or about 67,000,000 bushels more than the estimated production this season- The area sown in wheat and rye this season compares with 1887 as follows: 1883 1887 Wheat, hectares .7,0£5,161 6,<«;,466 do. acres 17,261,008 17,-17,301 Bye,hectares ],«H 035 ],6M,?9; do. acres 8,990,048 4,013,800 The Paris Bulletin des Halles estimates the wheat crop of France at 89,274,828 hectoliters, or 253,361,000 bushels, and about 5 per cent lighter than last year in average weight of the grain. spring: wheat regions of this country. The Press, of St. Paul, Minn., figuring from the spring wheat sections of the northwest,says that the Dakota yield Is 40 per cent less than that of last year, and nearly that for Minnesota, and concludes: "A decrease of 40 per cent then, as corn- yield was quite 1,000,000 quarters smaller than in the present season. It is curious to note this reserve on the part of Indian sellers, for it isnet marked enough to suggest any general dissatisfaction with prices paid by Ear ope, and yet it is marked enongh to contrast very strongly with what the yield of 1888 would have led us to look for. AVhen we say the "yield" we mean the Indian Government's official report of the yield. Opinions are already hrard that the two expressions may by no means be synonymous. THE SWAMPS OF THE AMAZON. Hi.' 1 Promontory 12 or 15 feet high, "^tlmas another4 and another, and i'*tyrQor,nre!eaby'<* fourth. These wa- at&ins spread across the whole which looked like goIngHinto stack until March,at best,have now been thrashed out of the field and marketed. This feature Is the one which has alltodo with thodeoline in values; a material quantity of English wheat Is being thrown on the market,both here and locally,whloh is very much out of condition, and which can only be used In connection with dry and flinty foreign descriptions. This did very well at first when only a few native samples were shown, inasmuch as it saved the miller the trouble of sprinkling certain foreign wheats; but now the supply of badly-conditioned native wheat is sufficient to turn the advantage to the millers'benefit and they—having needy sellers to deal with— are doing their best to knock down values. The position is peculiar. Millers cannot buy largely--as they did last year, of magnificent wheat at, say,10s. per quarter less money—because it will not bear storing either In bags or in bulk, and the producer, when he has threshed it, Is still less able to hold it in any form. WHEAT AND BYE IN FRANCE. The preliminary official estimate of the production of wheat and rye in France shows the following compared with reported crons of previous years, reduced to bushelsbyPthe Cincinnati Price Current: Wheat. Br". ,_ ...273 668,0 0 62139,000 !„ ...813,15.000 67,191000 !„» ...2»,103,000 61,163,0 0 }_ ""- .. ..312,012,000 63,322,000 J^ ..324,130,000 74,514,000 1883.. . J01,4CO,C03 '_ JM6,610,000 }?r 274.690,000 _5£ H7,068,000 7',5O3,00J 83 684,000 6',S50 0CO 71,853,000 53,612,000 68,646,C00 pared with last year's yield of |nearly 100,- 000,000 bushels, may be considered a very fair estimate, as applied to the entire wheat yield of the Northwest for this season. There are many well posted gentlemen who think that not one-half of last year's crop will be harvested. Whether later returns will confirm their views remains to be seen. The estimate here given is based upon actual figures, and is also in accordance with the opinions of conservative men." WHEAT CROP OF GERMANY. The London Miller has the following on the German crop: In Germany the wheat crop has been secured in better condition than seemed likely a month ago. The southern kingdoms have a better yield than the north, bo that the total wheat crop of the new German Empire is not now thought to be more than 5 per cent under an average. Heavy import duties have failed to raise the price of wheat to a 40a level, the present average being 39s per quarter, and the markets proving difficult to maintain at that price. TO. CROP IN INDIA. The London Miller says: Indian wheat shipments cannot be considered insignificant, there being at the present moment 374,000 quarters on passage as compared with 349.000 quarters at this time last year. But the weekly shipments for the first three weeks of September have been rather under 100,000 quarters, and the - total shipped since May brought the new crop forward has been smaller than in 1887, when the wheat Hedge Fences—Information Wanted. Editors Indiana Farmer: Some seven years ago, while I was yet a resident of your State, the Michigan Hedge company were making contracts and setting out plants under their system of hedge fence building, and as the fence question is being agitated in this State, and the above named company is just commencing operations here under the same or similar contracts as used in Indiana, but using honey locust plants instead of Osage Orange, the farmers are anxious to know what are the results and experience of those who had hedge fences set and grown under the contracts and system of the Michigan or other hedge fence companies, or by their own cultivation of hedge fences. What we desire to know is, were the contracts of the company complied with satisfactorily. Have the plants as set and cultivated made effective and satisfactory fences—cattle and pig proof? Were the fences excessive in their cost, or expensive to keep up? Are they difficult to keepclean and free from noxious weeds and shrubs, or to cultivate the field on the field side of the fence? Di we want hedge fences? The advice and experience of your readers will oblige many Wisconsin farmers. Madison, Wis. A Tyner. —Many of our readers will remember our friend Mr. Tyner, as an enthusiastic member of the Grange years ago, and for some time in charge of the supply house in this city. We trust that his request for i tformation regarding hedge fences, will bo complied with by any one have experience on the point he refers to.—Eds. The Blue Catfish for Ponds. Editors Indiana Farmer: I have been growing these fish now about four years, and find them superior to anything in the fnh catalogue for the ponds and all kinds of water. If your readers never grew any catfish they can have no Idea how nice they are to have in a pond. They do well in a carp pond with carp, and are a benefit to the pond in this way: they keep out all crawfish and tad poles or polliwogs, and many Insects that destroy carp spawn. They will eat all crawfish that come into the pond, and all know what a pest they are to make holes in the embankments and waste the water. They do well in any kind of water, and are always ready for the table. The blue catfish is solid and nice. They will bite a hook at any season of the year, when any other fi.h will bite, and they will eat most any thing you feed them, in the way of meats, bread, etc. They are fast growers, and all the flesh is as clear of bones as the bass. W. H. Dye. Philadelphia. Hanson Craig, of Kentucky, is probably the heaviest man in the world. His weight is given at 792 pounds, and It requires 37 yards of cloth to make him a suit. He is six feet four and a half inches in height, is 32 years old, and weighed 11 pounds at birth. When two-years-old he took a $1,000 prize in New York, tipping the beam at 206 pounds at that time. His father weighed 115 pounds and his mother 122. |
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