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TOL. XIX ■'/ INDIANAPOLIS, IND., SATURDAY, JULY 19,1884. NO. 29. COUNTRY AND CITY. 1 Plea for the Country Home. _'tioiii Farms Were Purchased Thirty Years Ago. rsm» **»■* a time within the memory of .., .11. r cn-ii middle aged when young -i _.!_.ini;l.y the month on farms for .. ti_r_ than are now being paid saved ■:4_ ui make a payment on a farm, -,'_;.rn samo ami by persistent well -.'.M rilort i-ompleted the purchase, ;jrvi*l it hiuI liecame independent, v.* tsssitning wealthy. Those young .;«riiiii with a purpose, following it ,.:_ i liilclity that nothing could dt- --. '.UlK the determination of becom- fit owner of a farm, and that large • Vn dis.1 accomplish this is attested by .'.»t ih-t many are yet the owners of „ ;nj|«"rtitw. While it is true that, on - .:.i ol lhe advance in land, this i'.lc.nr I*-a ill llii'ii It ]>erformauce in *«_3i»I.>iilillps where It was once ao- .:j*l..sl, and while, on account of the -•.I'li-sl Inducements, the almost irre- ,..:•> inilucures that press upon the «- i.) i>|sii.l their money as fast as -.*..*.*! tlii-o could be reslsted,and locate ml where land is yet within the si n| any man who will exercise the i-if*!*.-finally of the pioneers. While \is jhysii-.il and commercial changes i •i-varrwl, man in what he can accom- i ^ bu undergone no great visible I*:.-*. Thr-ro nre In fact many reasons l ft-ran iK-i-omplish more now than he i '. '-lynrs* ago; that is, if he would but ■•*'. period exercise self denial and """. There area few who are doing this, ti'T are few indeed, and mostly of --rilii.il. Tliis course seems largely ,-s-^.l liy Americans. The native .-.-in sKfin-i of lato to consider that •» fcsrjn enter professional or mercan- 1 -'» h» is nothing, and as a result the ■'-"■■■.in and mercantile callings are !»l (ar beyond legitimate wants. v.-TT!»the farms of New England are ;**;nj;into the hands of Irish farm- i" I In lhe middle States the German "...t foreigners are assuming the "">V.p or tenantry of the farms that "•'■Miied from a -state of nature by ;r.f**p* from New England, New '• Pennsylvania, Maryland and Vir- *. v '.»> rensiis develops the fact that '■sr-h of the four million farms of the -7 ».» now occupied by tenants.many ' ■''3i art* destined t*i become ownersof 4 We have uo feeling of jealousy '*< ii«*«- foreigners for what they are '.'• !i«ir action is commendable, but "■?•* lo make the inquiry as to how *-.* sh-y are displacing the native ■^ss !r«m the farms of his ancestors. ••kthevdo it by patient, plodding "*T. l.y simply being true to and ••■!sk* u*,\ use of opportunities that 'f**.'-. all, but embraced by the few. '" i;.rl*e in detail, and by thorough "* "'f farming,and,avoiding debt and "'~<v.r*. add acre to acre, until they "V-aJjIe holdings, the management '- * i_»y hardly ever fail to make | ***>- They do it from the avails of industry, not by speculation or trading. While too often the American youth strays away from home with his brain tilled with golden dreams of what is to be realized from option or other speculative dealings, the patient, persevering, thrifty foreigner is absorbing the best farm lands of the country. While It cannot be expected that tho American who has left a farm home to become a manufacturer, merchant or a professional Is going back, it may be well for those who contemplate going to Inquire how many of thoso who have left are now prosperous, and how many are living in the cities in straightened circumstances. A very small percentage may be found to have been successful ;tho larger number are not as well situated as those who have remained in the country; some have gone down slippery paths of dissipation'to destruction. Some may yotllngerin tenement houses, or are ekeing out existence by questionable methods, half starving to keep tip the appearance of respectability in hotter quarters. There are economies and incentives thereto ln thecountry that do not exist or rule in thecitiesjin fact reverse conditions abound, and the tendency to Increase of same grows steadily with unabating force. Iu detail these are numerous and patent, within the easy comprehension of all who give the subject consideration and observation. Tlie great economies are in the proper and profitable use of timo and in cost of maintenance. As to the first, tho owner of a farm can profitably employ himself at all seasons by the great variety of opportunities for increasing Its value or productive power. There need no day pass at any season of the year in which ho cannot do something, or set In motion aome force against which he can draw at some future timo. As* to maintenance, the difference ' between city and country life is large,, so great indeed that the difference if saved may in a term of yean* accumulate a handsome surplus. The inducements to thrift and thoughtful care of property, ita best use in the direction of reproduction, ls not realized and exercised amid the excitements of the city to the extent that they are in the country. The fate and fortune of those who discard the reasonably sure opportunities of agriculture for the hazards of commercial life must ever be highly problematical, the former as a rule being surrounded by favorable conditions, while the latter are exposed to numerous adverse contingencies that cannot be foreseen or guarded against. The rejection or abandonment of a calling in which one may without much doubt forecast with certainty his future, for the reason tbat it mainly depends upon his own individual action, for one, forany or all others, in which the risk of success or failure depends npon the action of Irresponsible, careless patrons and unscrupulous competitors, is one of the unfortunate developments of the times, and is one that may well bo checked. Wkstmon-t, a ten-year-old pacing horse, owned by J. M. Hill, of Chicago, lowered the pacing record about 10 seconds last week. Ue paced a mile In 2 m., l'i sec., and is expected to cut ofl the 1% seconds before the end of the season.- Ho was $o00, but Mr. Hill paid ?20,000 for him. Written --Ob' Indiana Farm.r. Morphology of Animals. BV L. J. TUMI-LIN. In a former article I noted some remarkable changes that take placo ln certain species of fungi; I also Intimated Uiat those changes wero not eouiined to tho vegetable kingdom, but that similar changes of forms are often seen in the animal kingdom. I now wish to call more particular attention to some of these transformations. It tsinthe lower orders of animal existence that these extreme changes of form urn generally to lie found. Numerous examples aro to bt* found in the insect world. The maggot riots In illth till It is almost ready to burst, whon it hidos away in soiiioorackorerovleo and, after a longer or shorter period of quics- oneo, It comes forth a fully developed lly with cleanly habits ami rctiiiod tastes. A butterfly lays a tiny egg on a leaf; In process of timo a in I n li to caterpillar is hatched, which oats and grows, but bears no resemblance to the parent Insect. Aftor a time It ceases to out and hides away from sight, where it assumes au entirely dlffor- ent form, ceases all motion mid lies for a time in apparent death. Hut wondrous change*, are going on In that apparently lifeless form,ainl In due timo it lakes upon it still another forin,diirerent from all that havo preceded, but liko to that of tho mother insect that laid tho egg from which it was hatched. Hero wo havo tho samo insect passing through four stagos, the egg, tho larva, tho pupa and the imago states, in all of which it appears ln entirely different forms from those which precede and follow. Theso changes are as ex- tremo and strange as lt would bo if a ser- pont were to chango to an eaglo and soar away. In the bee hive somo very strange transformations tako placo. llore we havo three dillerent classes of insects, all tho progeny of tho name individual. The queen is a perfect female and tho mother of all the bees In tho colony. The workers, Improperly called "neuters," are imperfect females; and tho dronosare perfect males. When tho queen lays fecundated eggs thoy produce either workers or queens, but if unfecundated eggs are laid they hatch nothing but drones. When a queen is to bo raised an ordinary fertilized egg, that with ordinary treatment would produce a worker, is taken, a large cell is made, nnd tho larva, when it is hatched, ls fed an abundance of specially prepared food; the result is a queen. In an ant's nest the changes aro still more numerous, as tLere we have males, females, workers and soldiers, all differing in both form and habits. Itut these strange metamorphoses are not confined to the insect world, as wo find them occurring in tho lower orders of animal forms. A good illustration of this is found In the life history of a medusa, or jelly-fish, known as Aurelia. The egg of this, while passing through tho process of incubation or hatching,becomes furnished with a number of fine cilia or vibratite hairs, by moans of which it is able to swim and tumble about in tho water. During this time it gradually changesits form, assuming more and moro the appearance of a hydroid. .Soon it begins to elongate and form a cavity at one end. In this con dition it was formerly thought to be a dis tinct animal and it was named Scyphos- toma. It now settles down and becomes anchored to some stationary object by the end opposite the cavity forming in it. lt continues to increase in length and the cavity to deepen till it takes the form of a tube or cylinder. In this state it was formerly considered as a distinct animal and called Strabila. Hut It does not remain in this state, but In a short time small folds or constrictions begin to form around it,gradually deepening, till it is divided intoa iiimiberof small saucer-shaped segments. The tipper ono containing the tei.tlc.lm now falls oil' and dies, and the others follow,ono by one,capsir.ing as lhey fall off ami then swimming away with the concave side downward. This stage was also supiKKHod to bo a dillerent animal and so It received tlie name Ephyra, but this was afterwards found to grow Into tho ..million Medusa Aurella,thus completing the cycle, having appeared In four iIIIIIt- ont forms am] received as many distinct names. One moro example from an animal of a higher order and I closo this article. In some of the lakes and other waters of tho Western Stales an animal is found that was named by l'rof. Ilalrtl, Klrodon lichenoides. It Is from three to live Inches long, as found, has four legs, branching, external gills,and a membrane extending along tho bark similar to that on a tadpole. Thoso aro known in tho West here us tho "fish with legs." In color thoy aro a dark olive above and a light ollvo below. When kept ln confinement thoy 1-ooomo changed In both form and habits. They drop their gills and membranous appendages, tako on a deep, greenish black tint and assume tho form of true salamanders. In this form lt was described and named by l'rof. Hainl, Amblystama mavortium, without tho least suspicion that It was only the adult state of the ono above named and to which ho had given an entirely different name. Theso illustrations of the changes that take place in animated nature might have l*oen greatly extended, but I deem those sulllcient to show that In tho world of nature we are surrounded by wondors that should call forth our admiration, and lead to a deeper insight Into tho ways of "Him who docth all things woll." / Owl Controversy. Kdltora Indiana Farmer: As your paper Is taken in our family, I tako the liberty to state that my opinion differs from that of Fletcher M. Noo, in regard to the rod screech owl, JSmpn Asia lieing Indent leal with tho grey or mottled owl, Scops Nevia. While bearing great general resemblance to each other there Is much difference between them tho red S—A— being tho smallest and emitting at intervals through tho night a blood curdling screech, while the grey or mottled S—N— ls larger, has shorter ear tufts anil the eggs aro a shade paler, and tho birds give vent to a prolonged dismal quavering moan entirely different from the ,S—A—. Honaparto, Auduliou and others regarded the young of tho species H—N—as tho red H—A—antl others tlio reverse, but without definite reasons but Wilson, Michener and others, as well as tho writer, consider them distinct species. James Khkntzinoek. Hovey, Ind.
Object Description
Title | Indiana farmer, 1884, v. 19, no. 29 (July 19) |
Purdue Identification Number | INFA1929 |
Date of Original | 1884 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | United States - Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or not-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Date Digitized | 2010-11-17 |
Digitization Information | Original scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Description
Title | Page 1 |
Subjects (LCSH) |
Agriculture Farm management Horticulture Agricultural machinery |
Subjects (NALT) |
agriculture farm management horticulture agricultural machinery and equipment |
Genre | Periodical |
Call Number of Original | 630.5 In2 |
Location of Original | Hicks Repository |
Coverage | Indiana |
Type | text |
Format | JP2 |
Language | eng |
Collection Title | Indiana Farmer |
Rights Statement | Content in the Indiana Farmer Collection is in the public domain (published before 1923) or lacks a known copyright holder. Digital images in the collection may be used for educational, non-commercial, or non-for-profit purposes. |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Digitization Information | Orignal scanned at 300 ppi on a Bookeye 3 scanner using internal software. Display images generated in CONTENTdm as JP2000s; file format for archival copy is uncompressed TIF format. |
Transcript |
TOL. XIX
■'/
INDIANAPOLIS, IND., SATURDAY, JULY 19,1884.
NO. 29.
COUNTRY AND CITY.
1 Plea for the Country Home.
_'tioiii Farms Were Purchased
Thirty Years Ago.
rsm» **»■* a time within the memory of
.., .11. r cn-ii middle aged when young
-i _.!_.ini;l.y the month on farms for
.. ti_r_ than are now being paid saved
■:4_ ui make a payment on a farm,
-,'_;.rn samo ami by persistent well
-.'.M rilort i-ompleted the purchase,
;jrvi*l it hiuI liecame independent,
v.* tsssitning wealthy. Those young
.;«riiiii with a purpose, following it
,.:_ i liilclity that nothing could dt-
--. '.UlK the determination of becom-
fit owner of a farm, and that large
• Vn dis.1 accomplish this is attested by
.'.»t ih-t many are yet the owners of
„ ;nj|«"rtitw. While it is true that, on
- .:.i ol lhe advance in land, this
i'.lc.nr I*-a ill llii'ii It ]>erformauce in
*«_3i»I.>iilillps where It was once ao-
.:j*l..sl, and while, on account of the
-•.I'li-sl Inducements, the almost irre-
,..:•> inilucures that press upon the
«- i.) i>|sii.l their money as fast as
-.*..*.*! tlii-o could be reslsted,and locate ml where land is yet within the
si n| any man who will exercise the
i-if*!*.-finally of the pioneers. While
\is jhysii-.il and commercial changes
i •i-varrwl, man in what he can accom-
i ^ bu undergone no great visible
I*:.-*. Thr-ro nre In fact many reasons
l ft-ran iK-i-omplish more now than he
i '. '-lynrs* ago; that is, if he would but
■•*'. period exercise self denial and
""". There area few who are doing this,
ti'T are few indeed, and mostly of
--rilii.il. Tliis course seems largely
,-s-^.l liy Americans. The native
.-.-in sKfin-i of lato to consider that
•» fcsrjn enter professional or mercan-
1 -'» h» is nothing, and as a result the
■'-"■■■.in and mercantile callings are
!»l (ar beyond legitimate wants.
v.-TT!»the farms of New England are
;**;nj;into the hands of Irish farm-
i" I In lhe middle States the German
"...t foreigners are assuming the
"">V.p or tenantry of the farms that
"•'■Miied from a -state of nature by
;r.f**p* from New England, New
'• Pennsylvania, Maryland and Vir-
*.
v '.»> rensiis develops the fact that
'■sr-h of the four million farms of the
-7 ».» now occupied by tenants.many
' ■''3i art* destined t*i become ownersof
4 We have uo feeling of jealousy
'*< ii«*«- foreigners for what they are
'.'• !i«ir action is commendable, but
"■?•* lo make the inquiry as to how
*-.* sh-y are displacing the native
■^ss !r«m the farms of his ancestors.
••kthevdo it by patient, plodding
"*T. l.y simply being true to and
••■!sk* u*,\ use of opportunities that
'f**.'-. all, but embraced by the few.
'" i;.rl*e in detail, and by thorough
"* "'f farming,and,avoiding debt and
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