page 351 |
Previous | 1 of 24 | Next |
|
|
Loading content ...
- Decolorization of Semichemical Bleaching Wastes DON E. BLOODGOOD, Professor Sanitary Engineering Purdue University Lafayette, Indiana A. SAMI EL-NAGGAR, Assistant Professor Sanitary Engineering Valparaiso University Valparaiso, Indiana The magnitude of the color problem in industrial wastes has always been looked upon with concern. Public opinion and the increased emphasis on stream pollution abatement has led to considerable research towards the elimination of color from wastes disposed of by dilution in surface waters. Indeed, the color producing bodies in an industrial waste may have but little effect on the biochemical load of the stream, but one only needs to know the public dismay that arises from a colored stream even if the stream has little BOD and considerable dissolved oxygen, DO. Semi-chemical bleaching wastes are the kind of wastes that present a color problem, and it is the purpose of this paper to present the investigation carried out to remove the color of these wastes by the use of active carbon. These wastes are produced from the bleaching process of semi-chemical pulp. The pulp, after the initial cooking, is conveyed to the bleaching plant. The pulp is first treated with chlorine water, then taken to a caustic extraction stage where it is brought in contact with mild sodium hydroxide solution. The final stage is a hypochlorite wash, where the pulp is washed in a solution of calcium hypochlorite as a final polishing process. The typical process at any commercial balancing plant includes these basic steps but may vary in respect to the number of stages employed. Three types of wastes are produced in the bleaching process. The first is the acid waste from the chlorine stage; the second is the alkaline waste from the caustic extraction stage; and the third is the hypochlorite waste from the final bleaching stage. The work presented in this paper has been done using the wastes from the first two stages, namely the acid and caustic bleaching wastes from the Watervliet Paper Co., Watervliet, Michigan. Several samples were received during the course of this study. The first samples were received on June 8, 1959, the second on June 18, 1960 and the third on August29, 1960. Each of the samples was shipped in a 15-gal polyethelene lined steel drum. The analyses of the acid and caustic semichemical bleaching wastes, used in this study, were performed at Purdue University and presented in the report of February 6, 1960 (1). As a result of these analyses, it was found that lignin in the wastes constituted the major part of the dissolved volatile solids and probably was the major contributor to the color in the wastes. This statement is also supported by the information in the literature (2), (3), (4). Accordingly, it was decided to express the units of color in the waste in terms of mg/1 as lignin. A review of literature reveals that considerable work is being done in an effort to treat the bleaching wastes. Previous research by the National Council for Stream Improvement and by several paper mills has shown that the - 351 -
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC196132 |
Title | Decolorization of semichemical bleaching wastes |
Author |
Bloodgood, Don E. El-Naggar, A. Sami |
Date of Original | 1961 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the sixteenth Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://earchives.lib.purdue.edu/cdm4/document.php?CISOROOT=/engext&CISOPTR=7917&REC=15 |
Extent of Original | p. 351-374 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2008-09-22 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 351 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | - Decolorization of Semichemical Bleaching Wastes DON E. BLOODGOOD, Professor Sanitary Engineering Purdue University Lafayette, Indiana A. SAMI EL-NAGGAR, Assistant Professor Sanitary Engineering Valparaiso University Valparaiso, Indiana The magnitude of the color problem in industrial wastes has always been looked upon with concern. Public opinion and the increased emphasis on stream pollution abatement has led to considerable research towards the elimination of color from wastes disposed of by dilution in surface waters. Indeed, the color producing bodies in an industrial waste may have but little effect on the biochemical load of the stream, but one only needs to know the public dismay that arises from a colored stream even if the stream has little BOD and considerable dissolved oxygen, DO. Semi-chemical bleaching wastes are the kind of wastes that present a color problem, and it is the purpose of this paper to present the investigation carried out to remove the color of these wastes by the use of active carbon. These wastes are produced from the bleaching process of semi-chemical pulp. The pulp, after the initial cooking, is conveyed to the bleaching plant. The pulp is first treated with chlorine water, then taken to a caustic extraction stage where it is brought in contact with mild sodium hydroxide solution. The final stage is a hypochlorite wash, where the pulp is washed in a solution of calcium hypochlorite as a final polishing process. The typical process at any commercial balancing plant includes these basic steps but may vary in respect to the number of stages employed. Three types of wastes are produced in the bleaching process. The first is the acid waste from the chlorine stage; the second is the alkaline waste from the caustic extraction stage; and the third is the hypochlorite waste from the final bleaching stage. The work presented in this paper has been done using the wastes from the first two stages, namely the acid and caustic bleaching wastes from the Watervliet Paper Co., Watervliet, Michigan. Several samples were received during the course of this study. The first samples were received on June 8, 1959, the second on June 18, 1960 and the third on August29, 1960. Each of the samples was shipped in a 15-gal polyethelene lined steel drum. The analyses of the acid and caustic semichemical bleaching wastes, used in this study, were performed at Purdue University and presented in the report of February 6, 1960 (1). As a result of these analyses, it was found that lignin in the wastes constituted the major part of the dissolved volatile solids and probably was the major contributor to the color in the wastes. This statement is also supported by the information in the literature (2), (3), (4). Accordingly, it was decided to express the units of color in the waste in terms of mg/1 as lignin. A review of literature reveals that considerable work is being done in an effort to treat the bleaching wastes. Previous research by the National Council for Stream Improvement and by several paper mills has shown that the - 351 - |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Tags
Comments
Post a Comment for page 351