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Section Eight RESPIROMETRY AND EFFLUENT TOXICITY 42 LONG-TERM WHOLE EFFLUENT TOXICITY CONTROL: INTERACTION BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL PRETREATMENT AND TOXICITY REDUCTION EVALUATION (TRE) PROGRAMS Douglas J. Fort, Vice President Enos L. Stover, President The Stover Group Stillwater, Oklahoma 74076 INTRODUCTION Increased regulatory concern over whole effluent toxicity control for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permittees has warranted the development of effective long-term whole effluent toxicity control strategies. At the municipal level, the Industrial Pretreatment program represents one of the best opportunities for long-term whole effluent toxicity source control and regulation. The Industrial Pretreatment program may be effectively used during three primary stages of NPDES permit toxicity testing: (1) prior to toxicity problems as a preventative tool, (2) during the TRE program as a means of identifying and controlling sources of the toxicant(s), and (3) following TRE studies as a means of controlling toxicity through surveying potential problem users, cost-effective aquatic toxicity and microbial inhibition monitoring of users, and public education and outreach programs. Overall, dischargers that have utilized the benefits of the industrial program have been substantially more successful in controlling whole effluent toxicity than those who either did not effectively use the program or were not involved in an Industrial Pretreatment program. In this chapter, we describe the successful connection between the TRE program and the Industrial Pretreatment program in the long-term control of whole effluent toxicity for both industrial and municipal wastewater treatment facilities. THE TRE PROGRAM Although no standard approach can be applied to every TRE program, most studies consist of several critical components (Figure 1). These components, completed in a tiered format, often include a background data review, facility evaluation, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), toxicity source identification, toxicity treatability studies (if necessary), and toxicity reduction option selection (Figure 2). The primary objectives of the background data review are to review the historical chemical- specific and toxicity data on the effluent and specific point sources (sewer users). Special consideration is typically given to evaluation of records associated with general plant housekeeping, daily plant operation, selection and use of specific chemicals, and maintenance. Information gleaned from this review can be used to define the study objectives, provide immediate information as to potential cause(s) and source(s) of toxicity, and provide insight into the efficacy of immediate actions which may be useful in reducing final effluent toxicity. A detailed facility audit is conducted to evaluate facility housekeeping and operational practices in an effort to identify areas which may be contributing to the observed toxicity. A major effort is initiated to collect and review all of the information necessary to assess the potential for reducing toxicity with the existing treatment facilities. An extensive review of operations records 51st Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, 1996, Ann Arbor Press. Inc., Chelsea. Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 405
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC199642 |
Title | Long-term whole effluent toxicity control : interaction between industrial pretreatment and toxicity reduction evaluation (TRE) programs |
Author |
Fort, Douglas J. Stover, Enos L. |
Date of Original | 1996 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 51st Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,46351 |
Extent of Original | p. 405-412 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-10-27 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 405 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | Section Eight RESPIROMETRY AND EFFLUENT TOXICITY 42 LONG-TERM WHOLE EFFLUENT TOXICITY CONTROL: INTERACTION BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL PRETREATMENT AND TOXICITY REDUCTION EVALUATION (TRE) PROGRAMS Douglas J. Fort, Vice President Enos L. Stover, President The Stover Group Stillwater, Oklahoma 74076 INTRODUCTION Increased regulatory concern over whole effluent toxicity control for National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permittees has warranted the development of effective long-term whole effluent toxicity control strategies. At the municipal level, the Industrial Pretreatment program represents one of the best opportunities for long-term whole effluent toxicity source control and regulation. The Industrial Pretreatment program may be effectively used during three primary stages of NPDES permit toxicity testing: (1) prior to toxicity problems as a preventative tool, (2) during the TRE program as a means of identifying and controlling sources of the toxicant(s), and (3) following TRE studies as a means of controlling toxicity through surveying potential problem users, cost-effective aquatic toxicity and microbial inhibition monitoring of users, and public education and outreach programs. Overall, dischargers that have utilized the benefits of the industrial program have been substantially more successful in controlling whole effluent toxicity than those who either did not effectively use the program or were not involved in an Industrial Pretreatment program. In this chapter, we describe the successful connection between the TRE program and the Industrial Pretreatment program in the long-term control of whole effluent toxicity for both industrial and municipal wastewater treatment facilities. THE TRE PROGRAM Although no standard approach can be applied to every TRE program, most studies consist of several critical components (Figure 1). These components, completed in a tiered format, often include a background data review, facility evaluation, toxicity identification evaluation (TIE), toxicity source identification, toxicity treatability studies (if necessary), and toxicity reduction option selection (Figure 2). The primary objectives of the background data review are to review the historical chemical- specific and toxicity data on the effluent and specific point sources (sewer users). Special consideration is typically given to evaluation of records associated with general plant housekeeping, daily plant operation, selection and use of specific chemicals, and maintenance. Information gleaned from this review can be used to define the study objectives, provide immediate information as to potential cause(s) and source(s) of toxicity, and provide insight into the efficacy of immediate actions which may be useful in reducing final effluent toxicity. A detailed facility audit is conducted to evaluate facility housekeeping and operational practices in an effort to identify areas which may be contributing to the observed toxicity. A major effort is initiated to collect and review all of the information necessary to assess the potential for reducing toxicity with the existing treatment facilities. An extensive review of operations records 51st Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, 1996, Ann Arbor Press. Inc., Chelsea. Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 405 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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