69    THREE DIFFERENT GENERIC LANDFILL TOPOGRAPHIES
AND THEIR MANAGEMENT
I. Ponsoye, Environmental Engineer
FRANCE-DECHETS-BP 29-78440
Gargenville, France
C. Fraissinet, Doctor in Geology
F.D. Conseil-BP 29-78440
Gargenville, France
INTRODUCTION
FRANCE-DECHETS is a subsidiary company of SITA and Lyonnaise des Eaux. Its speciality is
hazardous industrial waste landfilling.
FRANCE-DECHETS operates 20 landfills in France and has several projects abroad (SITA operates 80 municipal waste landfills with 5 Mt/yr).
When considering only industrial wastes, FRANCE has 11 sites. Among them 10 are operated by
SITA of which 8 are operated by FRANCE-DECHETS.
Our current authorized airspace capacity is 3 Mm3. FRANCE-DECHETS treats 370,000 T/year of
industrial wastes. Looking back over our 15 years of experience we can divide the waste treated into 5
main categories:
— waste from incineration plants (fly ash),
— waste from water treatment plants (solid sludges),
— paint wastes (solids) after phase separation,
— waste from metallurgical industries (slags, sands from smelting works),
— contaminated materials (soils).
For each of these 5 categories we developed specific methodologies for each of the following steps
of the process:
— waste identification and analysis before acceptance,
— control analysis before delivery,
— pretreatment and packaging for transport and storage,
— cell preparation and operation.
The landfilling process is based on 3 key words = security, control and transparency. Designing a
landfill includes many engineering disciplines with a large variety of specialities = geology, hydroge-
ology, chemistry, geotechnology, environment. This paper describes part of the process according to
the different types of initial site topographical configurations: above ground containment, quarry,
valley. How these factors affect the cost per cubic meter of waste deposited will be considered. We will
not detail general constraints such as geological context, accessibility, existence of a natural outlet for
treated water, factors which are determinants for the choice of a site, but we will emphasize those
directly related to the design of the site.
WATER IS ENEMY NUMBER ONE
Throughout the site life one wants to avoid as much as possible the contact of wastes with water.
This is why some people thought of sites in deserts and others of salt mines.
As far as surface storage is concerned, what can be done?
— during the construction phase, one makes sure that the groundwater table will be protected and that no infiltration into the waste can occur.
M = I million.
45th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, © 1991 Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan 48118.
Printed in U.S.A.
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