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12 TRANSPORT MODELING OF CONTAMINATED INDUSTRIAL ABRASIVES FROM A SMALL URBANIZED WATERSHED Paul D. Kuhlmeier, Senior Staff Consulting Timothy J. Champagne, Civil Engineer International Technology Corporation Knoxville, Tennessee 37923 INTRODUCTION An unprecedented public awareness of pollution problems in the United States is evident and growing. Until the advent of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970, only one major law addressing contamination had been passed, the Solid Waste Act in 1965. In 1986, then- EPA-Administrator Lee Thomas commissioned a study by senior staff members to address the question of where America's most pressing pollution concerns stand. One recurring problem that ranked near the top of the study's list was nonpoint source pollution. A separate EPA study1 estimates that 65 percent of stream pollution is produced from nonpoint sources. A large body of information has been gathered pertaining to farmland, feedlot, and industrial runoff pollution. However, one component of nonpoint source pollution has only recently been identified for study; that is pollution caused by abrasives blasting of materials such as bridges, ships, and buildings. This study addresses this issue as it relates to sandblasting ship components and the operation impact on the environment. At NSY Mare island (Site 900), sandblasting practices are carried out in open areas. The 900 Area is in a relatively small watershed measuring approximately 990 feet long and 500 feet wide at its widest point. It is completely paved with asphalt. The integrity of the asphalt is poor in several places. Sandblasting of large and small ship parts is practiced throughout the entire watershed. An abrasive, consisting of a nickel-copper slag, called greensand is used to strip paint from metal surfaces. Uncontrolled runoff from the site deposits onto an estuary which comprises the rim of the Mare Island peninsula. Mare Island Strait borders the strip estuary (it occupies less than 2,000 linear feet of coastline). A wide range of design storm frequencies (1-year to 100-year) were selected for the purpose of estimating the amount of flow which could be expected from the site. Synthetic hydrographs for the drainage basin were developed using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers HEC-1 model2, one of the most widely employed hydrologic simulation codes. Sediment transport was simulated through the use of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers HEC-6 model.3 The model, which is well suited for classical river sediment transport, is postulated here to hold promise for estimating sheet flow sediment transport. The HEC-6 model was also selected because of its broad acceptability. RUNOFF MODELING To determine the potential runoff under different conditions, average meteorological conditions were compiled using storm frequency information from 1947 through 1987 and isohyetal precipitation charts. The storm distribution type for the study area has also been defined by the SCS as type IA. Three primary subbasin areas were defined that required independent modeling: • Subbasin 1 (shown in Figure 1) defines the asphalt area which is further subdivided into four blocks for runoff analysis. The Kinematic Wave Model was used for flow modeling. • Upgradient Subbasin 2 defines the watershed behind the 900 Area site. This is an area of steep grass-covered slopes. • Crossgradient and upgradient, Subbasin 3 is located south of the containment area. 45th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, © 1991 Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 97
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC199012 |
Title | Transport modeling of contaminated industrial abrasives from a small urbanized watershed |
Author |
Kuhlmeier, Paul D. Champagne, Timothy J. |
Date of Original | 1990 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 45th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,41605 |
Extent of Original | p. 97-106 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-08-18 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 97 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | 12 TRANSPORT MODELING OF CONTAMINATED INDUSTRIAL ABRASIVES FROM A SMALL URBANIZED WATERSHED Paul D. Kuhlmeier, Senior Staff Consulting Timothy J. Champagne, Civil Engineer International Technology Corporation Knoxville, Tennessee 37923 INTRODUCTION An unprecedented public awareness of pollution problems in the United States is evident and growing. Until the advent of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 1970, only one major law addressing contamination had been passed, the Solid Waste Act in 1965. In 1986, then- EPA-Administrator Lee Thomas commissioned a study by senior staff members to address the question of where America's most pressing pollution concerns stand. One recurring problem that ranked near the top of the study's list was nonpoint source pollution. A separate EPA study1 estimates that 65 percent of stream pollution is produced from nonpoint sources. A large body of information has been gathered pertaining to farmland, feedlot, and industrial runoff pollution. However, one component of nonpoint source pollution has only recently been identified for study; that is pollution caused by abrasives blasting of materials such as bridges, ships, and buildings. This study addresses this issue as it relates to sandblasting ship components and the operation impact on the environment. At NSY Mare island (Site 900), sandblasting practices are carried out in open areas. The 900 Area is in a relatively small watershed measuring approximately 990 feet long and 500 feet wide at its widest point. It is completely paved with asphalt. The integrity of the asphalt is poor in several places. Sandblasting of large and small ship parts is practiced throughout the entire watershed. An abrasive, consisting of a nickel-copper slag, called greensand is used to strip paint from metal surfaces. Uncontrolled runoff from the site deposits onto an estuary which comprises the rim of the Mare Island peninsula. Mare Island Strait borders the strip estuary (it occupies less than 2,000 linear feet of coastline). A wide range of design storm frequencies (1-year to 100-year) were selected for the purpose of estimating the amount of flow which could be expected from the site. Synthetic hydrographs for the drainage basin were developed using the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers HEC-1 model2, one of the most widely employed hydrologic simulation codes. Sediment transport was simulated through the use of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers HEC-6 model.3 The model, which is well suited for classical river sediment transport, is postulated here to hold promise for estimating sheet flow sediment transport. The HEC-6 model was also selected because of its broad acceptability. RUNOFF MODELING To determine the potential runoff under different conditions, average meteorological conditions were compiled using storm frequency information from 1947 through 1987 and isohyetal precipitation charts. The storm distribution type for the study area has also been defined by the SCS as type IA. Three primary subbasin areas were defined that required independent modeling: • Subbasin 1 (shown in Figure 1) defines the asphalt area which is further subdivided into four blocks for runoff analysis. The Kinematic Wave Model was used for flow modeling. • Upgradient Subbasin 2 defines the watershed behind the 900 Area site. This is an area of steep grass-covered slopes. • Crossgradient and upgradient, Subbasin 3 is located south of the containment area. 45th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, © 1991 Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 97 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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