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83 TOXICITY EVALUATION OF CTMP EFFLUENT BIOTREATED BY A PILOT-SCALE CARROUSEL OXIDATION DITCH SYSTEM David H. Bennett, Professor C. Michael Falter, Professor Alton G. Campbell, Assistant Professor College of Forestry, Wildlife and Range Sciences University of Idaho Moscow, Idaho 83843 David M. Reeser, Manager William H. Johnson, Engineer RUST International Corporation Portland, Oregon 97225 INTRODUCTION CTMP effluents can be treated by aerobic and/or anaerobic waste treatment systems but consistent reduction of toxicity has been difficult to achieve. Characteristics of raw CTMP effluents are high BODj, sulfite, and resin acid concentrations. These components reduce treatment efficiency as well as exert an organic demand and toxicity upon stream and lake organisms after effluent discharge. The chemical characteristics of CTMP effluents depend upon the wood species and mill process conditions, such as chemical concentrations, steaming and refining temperatures, pH, and tightness of the water system. The toxicity of CTMP effluents is related to the quantity and type of resin acids, fatty acids, alcohols, and aldehyde extractives found in the chip furnish.1 Leach and Thakore2 demonstrated that mechanical pulping effluents had median lethal concentrations of 4-10% by volume in 96-hour LC50 juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) bioassays. Resin acids were the major toxic components with LC50 concentrations of 0.4-1.1 mg/L. The purpose of this study was to assess the toxicity of an industrial CTMP effluent biotreated in a pilot-scale Carrousel oxidation ditch system. The effluent was post-treated in several ways to increase fish survival. MILL EFFLUENT DESIGN SYSTEM COMPONENTS Process effluent from the CTMP/sulfonated rejects pulp mill, steam plant, and paper machine were to be processed through a primary reactor clarifier, sulfite aeration and cooling system, and a secondary treatment system consisting of Carrousel reactors, final or secondary clarifiers, a return sludge lift station, and a waste sludge lagoon (Figures 1, 2, and 3). The purpose of this work was to determine the suitability of the sulfite oxidation tank and Carrousel reactors for toxicity reduction and to develop design criteria for each of the units. PILOT PLANT SIMULATION To simulate the Carrousel oxidation ditch, we used a scaled pilot-scale system. Round fiberglass fish tanks were used as aeration tanks and clarifiers in this study. The aeration tanks each had a total volume of 440 gallons and were 60 inches in diameter and 36 inches high. The clarifiers had a total volume of 120 gallons, a diameter of 30 inches, a height of 62 inches, and a cone angle of 75 degrees. The Carrousel treatment unit was simulated in the pilot plant with three parallel reactor vessels each equipped with a mixer and provision for intermediate aeration. 44th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, © 1990 Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 755
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198983 |
Title | Toxicity evaluation of CTMP effluent biotreated by a pilot-scale carrousel oxidation ditch system |
Author |
Bennett, David H. Falter, C. Michael Campbell, Alton G. Reeser, David M. Johnson, William H. |
Date of Original | 1989 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 44th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,40757 |
Extent of Original | p. 755-760 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-08-18 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 755 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | 83 TOXICITY EVALUATION OF CTMP EFFLUENT BIOTREATED BY A PILOT-SCALE CARROUSEL OXIDATION DITCH SYSTEM David H. Bennett, Professor C. Michael Falter, Professor Alton G. Campbell, Assistant Professor College of Forestry, Wildlife and Range Sciences University of Idaho Moscow, Idaho 83843 David M. Reeser, Manager William H. Johnson, Engineer RUST International Corporation Portland, Oregon 97225 INTRODUCTION CTMP effluents can be treated by aerobic and/or anaerobic waste treatment systems but consistent reduction of toxicity has been difficult to achieve. Characteristics of raw CTMP effluents are high BODj, sulfite, and resin acid concentrations. These components reduce treatment efficiency as well as exert an organic demand and toxicity upon stream and lake organisms after effluent discharge. The chemical characteristics of CTMP effluents depend upon the wood species and mill process conditions, such as chemical concentrations, steaming and refining temperatures, pH, and tightness of the water system. The toxicity of CTMP effluents is related to the quantity and type of resin acids, fatty acids, alcohols, and aldehyde extractives found in the chip furnish.1 Leach and Thakore2 demonstrated that mechanical pulping effluents had median lethal concentrations of 4-10% by volume in 96-hour LC50 juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) bioassays. Resin acids were the major toxic components with LC50 concentrations of 0.4-1.1 mg/L. The purpose of this study was to assess the toxicity of an industrial CTMP effluent biotreated in a pilot-scale Carrousel oxidation ditch system. The effluent was post-treated in several ways to increase fish survival. MILL EFFLUENT DESIGN SYSTEM COMPONENTS Process effluent from the CTMP/sulfonated rejects pulp mill, steam plant, and paper machine were to be processed through a primary reactor clarifier, sulfite aeration and cooling system, and a secondary treatment system consisting of Carrousel reactors, final or secondary clarifiers, a return sludge lift station, and a waste sludge lagoon (Figures 1, 2, and 3). The purpose of this work was to determine the suitability of the sulfite oxidation tank and Carrousel reactors for toxicity reduction and to develop design criteria for each of the units. PILOT PLANT SIMULATION To simulate the Carrousel oxidation ditch, we used a scaled pilot-scale system. Round fiberglass fish tanks were used as aeration tanks and clarifiers in this study. The aeration tanks each had a total volume of 440 gallons and were 60 inches in diameter and 36 inches high. The clarifiers had a total volume of 120 gallons, a diameter of 30 inches, a height of 62 inches, and a cone angle of 75 degrees. The Carrousel treatment unit was simulated in the pilot plant with three parallel reactor vessels each equipped with a mixer and provision for intermediate aeration. 44th Purdue Industrial Waste Conference Proceedings, © 1990 Lewis Publishers, Inc., Chelsea, Michigan 48118. Printed in U.S.A. 755 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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