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42 IN-SITU REMOVAL OF PURGEABLE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM VADOSE ZONE SOILS Frederick C. Payne, President Midwest Water Resource, Inc. Charlotte, Michigan 48813 Charles P. Cubbage, President Cubbage Environmental Control Milford, Michigan 48042 Galen L. Kilmer, District Engineer Groundwater Quality Division Michigan Department of Natural Resources Plainwell, Michigan 49080 Laurence H. Fish, Vice President Custom Products, Inc. Stevensville, Michigan 49127 INTRODUCTION Our test site is located in Stevensville, Michigan, 0.9 miles east of the Lake Michigan shoreline, 18 miles north of the Indiana-Michigan border. During mid-1984, a purgeable organic contamination plume was discovered in a useable aquifer, covering approximately 51 acres. Testing showed perchlo- roethylene as the principal contaminant, reaching levels in excess of 100 ppb in domestic water wells and levels of 800 ppb in nearby industrial production wells. Two light manufacturing facilities were identified by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources as potentially responsible parties (PRP's) under provisions of the Michigan Environmental Response Act. Custom Products, Inc., one of the two PRP's identified by MDNR, had used PERC as a degreasing solvent prior to discovery of groundwater contamination in the area. The company retained Water Quality Investigators and Midwest Water Resource, Inc. to conduct soil and hydrogeological studies in the vicinity of its sheet metal forming facility. Soil surface samples were collected in February 1985 for analysis of purgeable aromatic and chlorinated solvents. These tests showed three potential loading points for volatile organic compounds into the soils and groundwater: 1) a location outside the building where solvents had been stored; 2) an interior drywell which drained the paint spray booth; and 3) a location outside an exterior wall where a pipe once exhausted PERC tank sludge which recycling haulers would not accept. The sludge discharge location later proved to be the major loading point and showed 110 mg/ kg PERC in the February 1985 soil surface sampling. A 9-point triangular grid pattern was established for soil borings outside the building (Figure 1). This grid had a 5-point base leg (A-E) with 25-foot separation between boring points; the center point on the base leg (C) was placed at the sludge discharge point. A second tier of three borings (F-H) was placed parallel to the base leg 25 feet from the wall with 25-foot separation between points. A final boring (I) was placed 50 feet from the wall perpendicular to the known discharge point. Three additional borings (J-L) were placed through the floor of the building, 20 feel from the exterior wall. The soil borings were conducted with a hollow-stem auger with split-spoon samples taken at 5-foot intervals. Soil samples were placed in Teflon-capped VOA bottles, stored on ice, and carried to Canton Analytical Laboratory, Ypsilanti, Michigan for immediate analysis of purgeable aromatics and purgeable halocarbons. Two borings showed measureable levels of purgeables — the boring located at the sludge discharge point (C), and one of the three borings within 25 feet of the discharge point (B). Table I gives the results of laboratory analysis for these two borings. All borings showed fine sand throughout the vadose zone, which extended to the 30-foot depth. The volume of contaminated soil was estimated lo be between 1,000 and 2,000 cubic yards. More 365
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198642 |
Title | In-situ removal of purgeable organic compounds from vadose zone soils |
Author |
Payne, Frederick C. Cubbage, Charles P. Kilmer, Galen L. Fish, Laurence H. |
Date of Original | 1986 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 41st Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,37786 |
Extent of Original | p. 365-369 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-07-13 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 365 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | 42 IN-SITU REMOVAL OF PURGEABLE ORGANIC COMPOUNDS FROM VADOSE ZONE SOILS Frederick C. Payne, President Midwest Water Resource, Inc. Charlotte, Michigan 48813 Charles P. Cubbage, President Cubbage Environmental Control Milford, Michigan 48042 Galen L. Kilmer, District Engineer Groundwater Quality Division Michigan Department of Natural Resources Plainwell, Michigan 49080 Laurence H. Fish, Vice President Custom Products, Inc. Stevensville, Michigan 49127 INTRODUCTION Our test site is located in Stevensville, Michigan, 0.9 miles east of the Lake Michigan shoreline, 18 miles north of the Indiana-Michigan border. During mid-1984, a purgeable organic contamination plume was discovered in a useable aquifer, covering approximately 51 acres. Testing showed perchlo- roethylene as the principal contaminant, reaching levels in excess of 100 ppb in domestic water wells and levels of 800 ppb in nearby industrial production wells. Two light manufacturing facilities were identified by the Michigan Department of Natural Resources as potentially responsible parties (PRP's) under provisions of the Michigan Environmental Response Act. Custom Products, Inc., one of the two PRP's identified by MDNR, had used PERC as a degreasing solvent prior to discovery of groundwater contamination in the area. The company retained Water Quality Investigators and Midwest Water Resource, Inc. to conduct soil and hydrogeological studies in the vicinity of its sheet metal forming facility. Soil surface samples were collected in February 1985 for analysis of purgeable aromatic and chlorinated solvents. These tests showed three potential loading points for volatile organic compounds into the soils and groundwater: 1) a location outside the building where solvents had been stored; 2) an interior drywell which drained the paint spray booth; and 3) a location outside an exterior wall where a pipe once exhausted PERC tank sludge which recycling haulers would not accept. The sludge discharge location later proved to be the major loading point and showed 110 mg/ kg PERC in the February 1985 soil surface sampling. A 9-point triangular grid pattern was established for soil borings outside the building (Figure 1). This grid had a 5-point base leg (A-E) with 25-foot separation between boring points; the center point on the base leg (C) was placed at the sludge discharge point. A second tier of three borings (F-H) was placed parallel to the base leg 25 feet from the wall with 25-foot separation between points. A final boring (I) was placed 50 feet from the wall perpendicular to the known discharge point. Three additional borings (J-L) were placed through the floor of the building, 20 feel from the exterior wall. The soil borings were conducted with a hollow-stem auger with split-spoon samples taken at 5-foot intervals. Soil samples were placed in Teflon-capped VOA bottles, stored on ice, and carried to Canton Analytical Laboratory, Ypsilanti, Michigan for immediate analysis of purgeable aromatics and purgeable halocarbons. Two borings showed measureable levels of purgeables — the boring located at the sludge discharge point (C), and one of the three borings within 25 feet of the discharge point (B). Table I gives the results of laboratory analysis for these two borings. All borings showed fine sand throughout the vadose zone, which extended to the 30-foot depth. The volume of contaminated soil was estimated lo be between 1,000 and 2,000 cubic yards. More 365 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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