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Section 14. FOOD WASTES THE TREATMENT OF APPLE PROCESSING WASTEWATER BY THE ANAEROBIC FILTER PROCESS Mark J. Laquidara, Laboratory Supervisor Department of Civil Engineering Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Charles R. Ott, Professor Department of Civil Engineering University of Lowell Lowell, Massachusetts 01854 INTRODUCTION Biological treatment of waste streams containing BOD's ranging between 800 and 8,000 mg/l may present problems in conventional processes, i.e., they are too strong for conventionally designed aerobic processes and too weak for conventional anaerobic digestion. Because there are many industrial waste streams that fall in this range of concentrations, McCarty and co-workers developed the anaerobic filter process [1]. The anaerobic filter is not applicable to all waste streams with BOD's in this range, but finds its greatest utility in the processing of wastes whose organic content is primarily in a soluble form and contains low suspended solids concentrations. In addition to its ability to treat wastes of this type, the filter possesses the advantage of requiring very little energy input. Aside from heat required to maintain proper operation, thoughtful plant outlay can reduce energy inputs to almost negligible amounts. Even the external heat input may be small in some installations. The study reported here was concerned with application of the anaerobic filter to the treatment of wastes generated by a local apple processing firm. After a short settling period, the waste stream satisfied the process requirements of low suspended solids concentration and moderate organic strength (see Table I). Objectives of the study were to determine the treatment capabilities of the anaerobic filter process when fed this waste as a function of: (1) operating temperature; (2) nutrient content; and (3) hydraulic detention time. With respect to nutrients, the waste was found to have abundant phosphorus but was severely limited in nitrogen. DESCRIPTION OF THE ANAEROBIC FILTER PROCESS The anaerobic filter process consists of a rock filled bed similar in appearance to an aerobic trickling filter. However, the waste is distributed across the bottom of the filter. The flow is upward through the bed of rocks so the filter is completely submerged. Anaerobic microorganisms accumulate in the void spaces between the rocks so that the waste comes in contact with a large active biological mass as it flows through the filter. A high degree of treatment results at nominal waste temperatures, and the effluent is essentially free of suspended solids due to interception by the rocks. Satisfactory loading rates have been found to range between 0.427 to 3.40 kg COD/day/m3 (26.5 to 212 lbs COD/day/1000 ft3) of total filter volume, and respective efficiencies range from 93% to 60%. Adequate liquid detention times range from 4.5 to 72 hours [2,3]. Previous work with the 761
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198376 |
Title | Treatment of apple processing wastewater by the anaerobic filter process |
Author |
Laquidara, Mark J. Ott, Charles R. |
Date of Original | 1983 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 38th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,34749 |
Extent of Original | p. 761-768 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-07-28 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 761 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | Section 14. FOOD WASTES THE TREATMENT OF APPLE PROCESSING WASTEWATER BY THE ANAEROBIC FILTER PROCESS Mark J. Laquidara, Laboratory Supervisor Department of Civil Engineering Northeastern University Boston, Massachusetts 02115 Charles R. Ott, Professor Department of Civil Engineering University of Lowell Lowell, Massachusetts 01854 INTRODUCTION Biological treatment of waste streams containing BOD's ranging between 800 and 8,000 mg/l may present problems in conventional processes, i.e., they are too strong for conventionally designed aerobic processes and too weak for conventional anaerobic digestion. Because there are many industrial waste streams that fall in this range of concentrations, McCarty and co-workers developed the anaerobic filter process [1]. The anaerobic filter is not applicable to all waste streams with BOD's in this range, but finds its greatest utility in the processing of wastes whose organic content is primarily in a soluble form and contains low suspended solids concentrations. In addition to its ability to treat wastes of this type, the filter possesses the advantage of requiring very little energy input. Aside from heat required to maintain proper operation, thoughtful plant outlay can reduce energy inputs to almost negligible amounts. Even the external heat input may be small in some installations. The study reported here was concerned with application of the anaerobic filter to the treatment of wastes generated by a local apple processing firm. After a short settling period, the waste stream satisfied the process requirements of low suspended solids concentration and moderate organic strength (see Table I). Objectives of the study were to determine the treatment capabilities of the anaerobic filter process when fed this waste as a function of: (1) operating temperature; (2) nutrient content; and (3) hydraulic detention time. With respect to nutrients, the waste was found to have abundant phosphorus but was severely limited in nitrogen. DESCRIPTION OF THE ANAEROBIC FILTER PROCESS The anaerobic filter process consists of a rock filled bed similar in appearance to an aerobic trickling filter. However, the waste is distributed across the bottom of the filter. The flow is upward through the bed of rocks so the filter is completely submerged. Anaerobic microorganisms accumulate in the void spaces between the rocks so that the waste comes in contact with a large active biological mass as it flows through the filter. A high degree of treatment results at nominal waste temperatures, and the effluent is essentially free of suspended solids due to interception by the rocks. Satisfactory loading rates have been found to range between 0.427 to 3.40 kg COD/day/m3 (26.5 to 212 lbs COD/day/1000 ft3) of total filter volume, and respective efficiencies range from 93% to 60%. Adequate liquid detention times range from 4.5 to 72 hours [2,3]. Previous work with the 761 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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