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HYDRAULIC LOADING FOR LAND TREATMENT SITES UNDER NON—IDEAL CONDITIONS Tammo S. Steenhuis, Assistant Professor Raymond C. Loehr, Professor Department of Agricultural Engineering Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853 Chris Babajimopoulos, Assistant Professor School of Agriculture Aristotelian University Thessaloniki, Greece INTRODUCTION Treatment of municipal and industrial wastewaters has become an effective waste management option. Land treatment removes suspended solids, biodegradable organics, microorganisms, almost all of the applied phosphorus and, with proper management, most of the applied nitrogen. Land treatment systems are site specific. The technical and economic feasibility of land treatment will depend on: (1) the waste characteristics; (2) transmission distances from the waste source to the treatment site; and (3) the site topography, vegetation, soils and hydrogeology. The interactions between these facts must be considered in identifying and using suitable sites. The engineer is to collect the information and to design the most cost effective and technically sound system. Specifically the engineer must: (1) identify technically feasible land treatment sites located within the feasible transmission distances; (2) identify the most cost-effective options for use of such sites; and (3) collect the necessary field data for preliminary and final design preparation. The liquid hydraulic application rate is one of the most important design considerations for land treatment systems treating wastewater. Of importance is the movement of the applied wastewater not only through the surface soils but also through the subsoil. With sites that have a relatively high groundwater table or perched water conditions due to less permeable subsoils, the lateral or horizontal water movement through the soil can be as or more important than the vertical movement of the applied water. Experience has indicated that there are many soils that have the above conditions. To assist in the design of land treatment systems, a design methodology to determine: (1) proper hydraulic application rates; and (2) the impact of the applied rates on groundwater table height and movement has been developed. The methodology follows the general design principles presented by Loehr and co-workers [1,2]. The methodology is a state-of-the-art approach that: (1) integrates many factors involved in the design of land treatment systems; (2) can be used as a screening procedure for preliminary evaluation of land treatment feasibility and in final design development; and (3) is designed to be used on a microcomputer. The methodology developed in this paper for hydraulic loading is tailored especially to the type of microcomputer now widely available in engineering offices. The design procedure is divided into three parts. The level I analysis is a general evaluation which includes a problem definition and an initial solution definition and limitations. It is meant to screen out site and treatment alternatives which are clearly not feasible. Level II analysis permits a more detailed analysis of potential site and treatment options and should define a solution to the waste treatment problem. The level III procedure develops a final solution design. This paper has two objectives. The first is to identify the methodology that can select the proper hydraulic loading of a land treatment system for wastewater. The methodology considers the effect of the additional recharge on the existing hydrological system. The second objective is to incorporate the use of microcomputers in the design process. Microcomputers not only reduce the tedious and time 57
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198308 |
Title | Hydraulic loading for land treatment sites under non-ideal conditions |
Author |
Steenhuis, Tammo S. Loehr, Raymond C. Babajimopoulos, Chris |
Date of Original | 1983 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 38th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,34749 |
Extent of Original | p. 57-66 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-07-28 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 57 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | HYDRAULIC LOADING FOR LAND TREATMENT SITES UNDER NON—IDEAL CONDITIONS Tammo S. Steenhuis, Assistant Professor Raymond C. Loehr, Professor Department of Agricultural Engineering Cornell University Ithaca, New York 14853 Chris Babajimopoulos, Assistant Professor School of Agriculture Aristotelian University Thessaloniki, Greece INTRODUCTION Treatment of municipal and industrial wastewaters has become an effective waste management option. Land treatment removes suspended solids, biodegradable organics, microorganisms, almost all of the applied phosphorus and, with proper management, most of the applied nitrogen. Land treatment systems are site specific. The technical and economic feasibility of land treatment will depend on: (1) the waste characteristics; (2) transmission distances from the waste source to the treatment site; and (3) the site topography, vegetation, soils and hydrogeology. The interactions between these facts must be considered in identifying and using suitable sites. The engineer is to collect the information and to design the most cost effective and technically sound system. Specifically the engineer must: (1) identify technically feasible land treatment sites located within the feasible transmission distances; (2) identify the most cost-effective options for use of such sites; and (3) collect the necessary field data for preliminary and final design preparation. The liquid hydraulic application rate is one of the most important design considerations for land treatment systems treating wastewater. Of importance is the movement of the applied wastewater not only through the surface soils but also through the subsoil. With sites that have a relatively high groundwater table or perched water conditions due to less permeable subsoils, the lateral or horizontal water movement through the soil can be as or more important than the vertical movement of the applied water. Experience has indicated that there are many soils that have the above conditions. To assist in the design of land treatment systems, a design methodology to determine: (1) proper hydraulic application rates; and (2) the impact of the applied rates on groundwater table height and movement has been developed. The methodology follows the general design principles presented by Loehr and co-workers [1,2]. The methodology is a state-of-the-art approach that: (1) integrates many factors involved in the design of land treatment systems; (2) can be used as a screening procedure for preliminary evaluation of land treatment feasibility and in final design development; and (3) is designed to be used on a microcomputer. The methodology developed in this paper for hydraulic loading is tailored especially to the type of microcomputer now widely available in engineering offices. The design procedure is divided into three parts. The level I analysis is a general evaluation which includes a problem definition and an initial solution definition and limitations. It is meant to screen out site and treatment alternatives which are clearly not feasible. Level II analysis permits a more detailed analysis of potential site and treatment options and should define a solution to the waste treatment problem. The level III procedure develops a final solution design. This paper has two objectives. The first is to identify the methodology that can select the proper hydraulic loading of a land treatment system for wastewater. The methodology considers the effect of the additional recharge on the existing hydrological system. The second objective is to incorporate the use of microcomputers in the design process. Microcomputers not only reduce the tedious and time 57 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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