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POULTRY WASTE PRETREATMENT THROUGH DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION COUPLED WITH LIME-POLYMER CONDITIONING Michael H. Zimmerman, Environmental Engineer Black and Veatch Consulting Engineers Kansas City, Missouri 64114 Ricardo B. Jacquez, Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering University of Missouri-Rolla Rolla, Missouri 65401 The presence of grease and oU (G&O) in the influent waters to a wastewater treatment facUity is one of the most serious problems affecting facUity efficiency. If domestic and industrial wastewater having a relatively large industrial fraction of G&O reaches a treatment facUity, the facUity may experience a skimming problem in the primary clarifiers, an organic overload in the biological units, and clogging of the conveying sewer lines. Pretreatment is required for G&O reduction in the industrial segment to effectively minimize these problems. The poultry processing industry has encountered problems associated with direct disposal into municipal sewers. The National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) has proposed discharge limitations for poultry processing plants consisting of: 0.18 kg (0.40 lb) of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BODs )/454 kg (1000 lb) of broUers processed and 0.28 kg (0.62 lb) of suspended solids (SS)/454 kg (1000 lb) of broUers processed. Slightly higher allowances are made for the processing of heavier birds, referred to as fowls, increasing the BOD5 load to 0.21 kg (0.46 lb)/454 kg (1000 lb) of birds processed [1]. The present double-digit inflation has increased consumer demand for poultry products due to their high protein content and low cost. This increased demand has pushed the poultry processing industry to the limits of its productivity, requiring greater volumes of production and processing methods of increasing complexity. Two main types of processing exist today: "typical" processing and "further" processing. As a result of the differences in processing, each operation generates a distinctly different waste stream. The two processes along with their respective steps and corresponding wastewater characteristics are shown in Table I [2]. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) with chemical additives has emerged as a viable pretreatment alternative for "typical" poultry processing wastes where blood and/or G&O are recovered for additional processing at a rendering facility [3). Generally, alum and lime are the main chemical conditioners employed in flotation for pretreatment of "typical" plant wastes. Chemical conditioning is necessary to form floe on which to absorb the G&O which will effectively break the G&O-water emulsions [4]. Alum and lime have been used as chemical conditioners at doses of 15-30 mg/1 and 100-500 mg/1, respectively [1]. In addition, various polymers have been used in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 20 mg/1, depending on the polymer type [ 1 ]. Operation parameters for pretreatment of a "typical" poultry processing waste employing DAF are listed in Table II. Reduction in SS and BOD5 concentrations of 81% and 57%, respectively, are common with lime conditioning and DAF [2]. The objective of this study was to determine if chemical conditioning coupled with DAF could be applied as a means of pretreatment of effluents from poultry processing plants engaged in "further" processing. Lime was selected as the primary chemical additive to be used in conjunction with a cationic polymer. DAF was selected in consideration of the high levels of G&O present in the raw waste and the potential for by-product recovery, the sales of which would partially defray the cost of the pretreatment system. 586
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198058 |
Title | Poultry waste pretreatment through dissolved air flotation coupled with lime-polymer conditioning |
Author |
Zimmerman, Michael H. Jacquez, Ricardo B. |
Date of Original | 1980 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 35th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,31542 |
Extent of Original | p. 586-595 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-10-22 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 586 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | POULTRY WASTE PRETREATMENT THROUGH DISSOLVED AIR FLOTATION COUPLED WITH LIME-POLYMER CONDITIONING Michael H. Zimmerman, Environmental Engineer Black and Veatch Consulting Engineers Kansas City, Missouri 64114 Ricardo B. Jacquez, Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering University of Missouri-Rolla Rolla, Missouri 65401 The presence of grease and oU (G&O) in the influent waters to a wastewater treatment facUity is one of the most serious problems affecting facUity efficiency. If domestic and industrial wastewater having a relatively large industrial fraction of G&O reaches a treatment facUity, the facUity may experience a skimming problem in the primary clarifiers, an organic overload in the biological units, and clogging of the conveying sewer lines. Pretreatment is required for G&O reduction in the industrial segment to effectively minimize these problems. The poultry processing industry has encountered problems associated with direct disposal into municipal sewers. The National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) has proposed discharge limitations for poultry processing plants consisting of: 0.18 kg (0.40 lb) of 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (BODs )/454 kg (1000 lb) of broUers processed and 0.28 kg (0.62 lb) of suspended solids (SS)/454 kg (1000 lb) of broUers processed. Slightly higher allowances are made for the processing of heavier birds, referred to as fowls, increasing the BOD5 load to 0.21 kg (0.46 lb)/454 kg (1000 lb) of birds processed [1]. The present double-digit inflation has increased consumer demand for poultry products due to their high protein content and low cost. This increased demand has pushed the poultry processing industry to the limits of its productivity, requiring greater volumes of production and processing methods of increasing complexity. Two main types of processing exist today: "typical" processing and "further" processing. As a result of the differences in processing, each operation generates a distinctly different waste stream. The two processes along with their respective steps and corresponding wastewater characteristics are shown in Table I [2]. Dissolved air flotation (DAF) with chemical additives has emerged as a viable pretreatment alternative for "typical" poultry processing wastes where blood and/or G&O are recovered for additional processing at a rendering facility [3). Generally, alum and lime are the main chemical conditioners employed in flotation for pretreatment of "typical" plant wastes. Chemical conditioning is necessary to form floe on which to absorb the G&O which will effectively break the G&O-water emulsions [4]. Alum and lime have been used as chemical conditioners at doses of 15-30 mg/1 and 100-500 mg/1, respectively [1]. In addition, various polymers have been used in concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 20 mg/1, depending on the polymer type [ 1 ]. Operation parameters for pretreatment of a "typical" poultry processing waste employing DAF are listed in Table II. Reduction in SS and BOD5 concentrations of 81% and 57%, respectively, are common with lime conditioning and DAF [2]. The objective of this study was to determine if chemical conditioning coupled with DAF could be applied as a means of pretreatment of effluents from poultry processing plants engaged in "further" processing. Lime was selected as the primary chemical additive to be used in conjunction with a cationic polymer. DAF was selected in consideration of the high levels of G&O present in the raw waste and the potential for by-product recovery, the sales of which would partially defray the cost of the pretreatment system. 586 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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