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DRAFT TUBE CHANNEL APPROACH TO POULTRY PROCESSING WASTEWATER TREATMENT J. L. Gruette, Manager G. M. Westphal, Process Design Engineer Waste and Water Treatment Mixing Equipment Co., Inc. Rochester, New York 14603 A large poultry processing company, located in central Pennsylvania, had to undergo an extensive upgrading of its waste treatment facilities due to an increase in plant production capabUity and a tightening of the plant discharge criteria as imposed by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources. This paper details the selection of the LIGHTNIN™ draft tube channel as the most cost-effective design, the process design criteria, the start up, and the operating history of this industrial waste treatment plant. BACKGROUND The basic concept of the oxidation ditch was developed by Pasveer in HoUand in the early 1950s. The original concept was buUt around simplicity, both from a design standpoint and also from an operational standpoint. Since the initial development, there have been many modifications made to allow more flexibUity in design to both improve process performance and also reduce construction and operating cost. The initial design had a number of drawbacks which became increasingly critical on scale up to larger sizes: 1. The use of brush aerators for oxygen transfer and flow development limited the depth of the oxidation ditch to approximately 5 ft to ensure adequate mixing for dissolved oxygen distribution and blending in of the influent waste. 2. The brush aerator design consisted of horizontal rotor shafts with bearings that were exposed to the splash and spray generated by the aerators. This type of design has generated a high percentage of downtime associated with the operation of the equipment. 3. The depth limitation of 5 ft increases amount of land area required and consequently the capital cost of the entire system. 4. The use of brush aerators increased the amount of waste cooling due to low ambient temperatures. This created additional mechanical problems for the brush aerators and the cooling effect decreased the removal efficiency of the biological system. This limited the use of oxidation ditches in cold weather climates. With the development of the nitrification/denitrification process during the early 1960s, additional advantages were found for the oxidation ditch with respect to power consumption and process design. Through the use of a low F/M ratio, and the attendant high sludge age, nitrification normally occurs to a significant extent in oxidation ditch systems. By taking advantage of the denitrification reaction occuring in the anoxic zone, a sizable amount of BOD is removed which decreases the total oxygen requirement. In the late 1960s, the LIGHTNIN organization began development of a mechanical submerged turbine aerator called the draft tube aerator. It was designed to generate a large volume of controlled flow, using the liquid flow to drive compressed air to the bottom of complete mixed activated sludge systems for improved oxygen transfer efficiency. This new system was built around an airfoil type impeller, pumping axial within a draft tube modified to permit high hydraulic efficiencies. Low pressure compressed air was introduced 577
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198057 |
Title | Draft tube channel approach to poultry processing wastewater treatment |
Author |
Gruette, J. L. Westphal, G. M. |
Date of Original | 1980 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 35th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,31542 |
Extent of Original | p. 577-585 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-10-22 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 577 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | DRAFT TUBE CHANNEL APPROACH TO POULTRY PROCESSING WASTEWATER TREATMENT J. L. Gruette, Manager G. M. Westphal, Process Design Engineer Waste and Water Treatment Mixing Equipment Co., Inc. Rochester, New York 14603 A large poultry processing company, located in central Pennsylvania, had to undergo an extensive upgrading of its waste treatment facilities due to an increase in plant production capabUity and a tightening of the plant discharge criteria as imposed by the Pennsylvania Department of Environmental Resources. This paper details the selection of the LIGHTNIN™ draft tube channel as the most cost-effective design, the process design criteria, the start up, and the operating history of this industrial waste treatment plant. BACKGROUND The basic concept of the oxidation ditch was developed by Pasveer in HoUand in the early 1950s. The original concept was buUt around simplicity, both from a design standpoint and also from an operational standpoint. Since the initial development, there have been many modifications made to allow more flexibUity in design to both improve process performance and also reduce construction and operating cost. The initial design had a number of drawbacks which became increasingly critical on scale up to larger sizes: 1. The use of brush aerators for oxygen transfer and flow development limited the depth of the oxidation ditch to approximately 5 ft to ensure adequate mixing for dissolved oxygen distribution and blending in of the influent waste. 2. The brush aerator design consisted of horizontal rotor shafts with bearings that were exposed to the splash and spray generated by the aerators. This type of design has generated a high percentage of downtime associated with the operation of the equipment. 3. The depth limitation of 5 ft increases amount of land area required and consequently the capital cost of the entire system. 4. The use of brush aerators increased the amount of waste cooling due to low ambient temperatures. This created additional mechanical problems for the brush aerators and the cooling effect decreased the removal efficiency of the biological system. This limited the use of oxidation ditches in cold weather climates. With the development of the nitrification/denitrification process during the early 1960s, additional advantages were found for the oxidation ditch with respect to power consumption and process design. Through the use of a low F/M ratio, and the attendant high sludge age, nitrification normally occurs to a significant extent in oxidation ditch systems. By taking advantage of the denitrification reaction occuring in the anoxic zone, a sizable amount of BOD is removed which decreases the total oxygen requirement. In the late 1960s, the LIGHTNIN organization began development of a mechanical submerged turbine aerator called the draft tube aerator. It was designed to generate a large volume of controlled flow, using the liquid flow to drive compressed air to the bottom of complete mixed activated sludge systems for improved oxygen transfer efficiency. This new system was built around an airfoil type impeller, pumping axial within a draft tube modified to permit high hydraulic efficiencies. Low pressure compressed air was introduced 577 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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