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Section 3. PAPER WASTES KRAFT MILL EFFLUENT COLOR REMOVAL BY ULTRAFILTRATION Henry A. Fremont, Associate Director Champion International Hamdton, Ohio 45020 Myles H. Kleper, Manager Abxor, Inc. Wilmington, Massachusetts 01887 INTRODUCTION Wastewater discharges from integrated kraft mdls are typicady 30,000 gal/ton (125 m3/metric ton) of pulp produced. The suspended solids and BOD loadings of these wastewaters can adequately be reduced by conventional treatment processes. Color bodies found in pulp and paper mdl wastes are, however, resistant to biological degradation and require new treatment techniques for removal. Processes developed for color removal include chemical precipitation [1-10], both Ume precipitation and alum precipitation, adsorption [11-14], oxidation [15-18] and reverse osmosis and ultrafdtration [19-29]. Also, rapid infdtration [30] involving percolation of the effluent through the ground and reduction of effluent color by modification of pulping and bleaching sequences have been demonstrated. This chapter presents the final phase of a multiyear field demonstration of ultrafdtration for color removal conducted at Champion International's Canton, North Carolina, mdl. Major Color Producing Streams Segration of mdl waste streams is often practiced, and it is likely that segration of wastes by color content wdl eventuady be required for adequate waste treatment. For example, in Champion's North Carodna Mdl, about 60% of the total mdl color effluent is present in about 1 to 2 MGD (3790 to 7580 m3/day) of the pine bleachery first-stage caustic extraction fdtrate. This flow amounts to about 2 to 5% of the total mdl effluent, yet removal of color from this stream could reduce total effluent color by 60%. The second most important controllable source of color in a kraft mdl is the pulp washing decker effluent. This waste stream is present in all pulp mdls, whde the pine caustic extraction fdtrate is found only in mdls producing bleached pulp. At the North Carolina mdl, approximately 2 MGD (7580 m3/day) of mixed pine and hardwood decker effluents are currently discharged. This waste contributes about 20% of the total mdl effluent color. In this program, it was decided to primarily study the pine bleachery caustic extraction fdtrate as the feed to be processed. It constitutes the major color contributor in a kraft pulp mid system and all previous studies have taught that the pulp washing decker effluents performed in a simdar manner as regards membrane flux but with even more effective color rejection. Program Background and Overview The initial (1970-1973) EPA-sponsored study [31] on the use of ultrafdtration processes to control kraft mdl effluent color presented a number of recommendations for subsequent work. In that study, the technical feasibility and economic promise of ultrafdtration was demonstrated. The major recommendations emphasized the need for studies to improve and verify the economic bases for the process as new membrane capabdities were developed. Studies conducted subsequent to 1973 demonstrated that the development of non- cellulosic membranes by the industry was at a point that promising noncellulosic membranes were becoming commercially avadable and would be of value in this application. 114
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC198013 |
Title | Kraft mill effluent color removal by ultrafiltration |
Author |
Fremont, Henry A. Kleper, Myles H. |
Date of Original | 1980 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 35th Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,31542 |
Extent of Original | p. 114-133 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-10-22 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 114 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | Section 3. PAPER WASTES KRAFT MILL EFFLUENT COLOR REMOVAL BY ULTRAFILTRATION Henry A. Fremont, Associate Director Champion International Hamdton, Ohio 45020 Myles H. Kleper, Manager Abxor, Inc. Wilmington, Massachusetts 01887 INTRODUCTION Wastewater discharges from integrated kraft mdls are typicady 30,000 gal/ton (125 m3/metric ton) of pulp produced. The suspended solids and BOD loadings of these wastewaters can adequately be reduced by conventional treatment processes. Color bodies found in pulp and paper mdl wastes are, however, resistant to biological degradation and require new treatment techniques for removal. Processes developed for color removal include chemical precipitation [1-10], both Ume precipitation and alum precipitation, adsorption [11-14], oxidation [15-18] and reverse osmosis and ultrafdtration [19-29]. Also, rapid infdtration [30] involving percolation of the effluent through the ground and reduction of effluent color by modification of pulping and bleaching sequences have been demonstrated. This chapter presents the final phase of a multiyear field demonstration of ultrafdtration for color removal conducted at Champion International's Canton, North Carolina, mdl. Major Color Producing Streams Segration of mdl waste streams is often practiced, and it is likely that segration of wastes by color content wdl eventuady be required for adequate waste treatment. For example, in Champion's North Carodna Mdl, about 60% of the total mdl color effluent is present in about 1 to 2 MGD (3790 to 7580 m3/day) of the pine bleachery first-stage caustic extraction fdtrate. This flow amounts to about 2 to 5% of the total mdl effluent, yet removal of color from this stream could reduce total effluent color by 60%. The second most important controllable source of color in a kraft mdl is the pulp washing decker effluent. This waste stream is present in all pulp mdls, whde the pine caustic extraction fdtrate is found only in mdls producing bleached pulp. At the North Carolina mdl, approximately 2 MGD (7580 m3/day) of mixed pine and hardwood decker effluents are currently discharged. This waste contributes about 20% of the total mdl effluent color. In this program, it was decided to primarily study the pine bleachery caustic extraction fdtrate as the feed to be processed. It constitutes the major color contributor in a kraft pulp mid system and all previous studies have taught that the pulp washing decker effluents performed in a simdar manner as regards membrane flux but with even more effective color rejection. Program Background and Overview The initial (1970-1973) EPA-sponsored study [31] on the use of ultrafdtration processes to control kraft mdl effluent color presented a number of recommendations for subsequent work. In that study, the technical feasibility and economic promise of ultrafdtration was demonstrated. The major recommendations emphasized the need for studies to improve and verify the economic bases for the process as new membrane capabdities were developed. Studies conducted subsequent to 1973 demonstrated that the development of non- cellulosic membranes by the industry was at a point that promising noncellulosic membranes were becoming commercially avadable and would be of value in this application. 114 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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