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PHENOLIC PROBLEMS SOLVED WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE OXIDATION Edward J. Keating, Technical Service Richard A. Brown, Research Chemist Edward S. Greenberg, Research Chemist Industrial Chemical Group FMC Corporation Princeton, New Jersey 08540 INTRODUCTION Phenolic wastes are one of the most prevalent forms of chemical pollutants in industry today. Among the major sources of phenolic waste discharges are insulation fiberglass manufacturing and petroleum refineries. Other sources of phenolic waste include: smelting and slag operations, organic products manufacture, synthetic resin manufacture, textile mills, steel making, paint stripping, plywood, hardboard and wood preserving (Table I). The problem of phenolic wastes is complex. They include not only phenol (C6}\ OH), but also an assortment of many organic compounds. Just counting all possible chlorophenols, one arrives at a total of nineteen distinct compounds, several of which are shown in Figure 1. Multiply this number by the variety of single type compounds possible and by the number of combinations of different substituted phenols (i.e., chloro cresols) and the problems associated with phenolic waste treatment becomes apparent. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established phenolic discharge limitations for a number of industries. The Best Practical Control Technology Currently Available (BPCTCA) for 1977 has established phenolic levels of 0.1 jug/g- In 1983 under the Best Available Control Technology Economically Achievable (BACTEA) the phenolic discharge levels are lowered to 0.02 /tg/g [ 1 ]. Phenolic discharges can create problems in three areas: toxicity to marine life, taste and odor, and oxygen depletion of the receiving water. Phenols are toxic to fish and marine life at about 2 /ig/g; lower concentrations cause an objectionable taste in the fish flesh. Objectionable taste and odor in potable water can result from small amounts of phenols. The taste and odor problem is greatly magnified when the phenol combines with chlorine to form chlorophenols. Phenols in sufficient concentrations can lead to an oxygen depletion upon discharge, since they have a relatively high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Unsubstituted phenol has a theoretical COD of 2.38 mg 02/mg phenol. EXPERIMENTAL Metal catalyzed hydrogen peroxide is effective in the oxidation of many phenolic compounds. Case histories include the batch treatment of wastes high in phenols, post treatment to remove the last traces of phenols from a biological treatment system effluent and as an emergency backup to other treatment methods. For the laboratory evaluation, three possible types of substituted phenols-nitrophen- ols, chlorophenols, and cresols (methylphenols)-were of particular interest, since they 464
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC1978052 |
Title | Phenolic problems solved with hydrogen peroxide oxidation |
Author |
Keating, Edward J. Brown, Richard A. Greenberg, Edward S. |
Date of Original | 1978 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 33rd Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,27312 |
Extent of Original | p. 464-470 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University LIbraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-06-22 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page0464 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | PHENOLIC PROBLEMS SOLVED WITH HYDROGEN PEROXIDE OXIDATION Edward J. Keating, Technical Service Richard A. Brown, Research Chemist Edward S. Greenberg, Research Chemist Industrial Chemical Group FMC Corporation Princeton, New Jersey 08540 INTRODUCTION Phenolic wastes are one of the most prevalent forms of chemical pollutants in industry today. Among the major sources of phenolic waste discharges are insulation fiberglass manufacturing and petroleum refineries. Other sources of phenolic waste include: smelting and slag operations, organic products manufacture, synthetic resin manufacture, textile mills, steel making, paint stripping, plywood, hardboard and wood preserving (Table I). The problem of phenolic wastes is complex. They include not only phenol (C6}\ OH), but also an assortment of many organic compounds. Just counting all possible chlorophenols, one arrives at a total of nineteen distinct compounds, several of which are shown in Figure 1. Multiply this number by the variety of single type compounds possible and by the number of combinations of different substituted phenols (i.e., chloro cresols) and the problems associated with phenolic waste treatment becomes apparent. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has established phenolic discharge limitations for a number of industries. The Best Practical Control Technology Currently Available (BPCTCA) for 1977 has established phenolic levels of 0.1 jug/g- In 1983 under the Best Available Control Technology Economically Achievable (BACTEA) the phenolic discharge levels are lowered to 0.02 /tg/g [ 1 ]. Phenolic discharges can create problems in three areas: toxicity to marine life, taste and odor, and oxygen depletion of the receiving water. Phenols are toxic to fish and marine life at about 2 /ig/g; lower concentrations cause an objectionable taste in the fish flesh. Objectionable taste and odor in potable water can result from small amounts of phenols. The taste and odor problem is greatly magnified when the phenol combines with chlorine to form chlorophenols. Phenols in sufficient concentrations can lead to an oxygen depletion upon discharge, since they have a relatively high Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). Unsubstituted phenol has a theoretical COD of 2.38 mg 02/mg phenol. EXPERIMENTAL Metal catalyzed hydrogen peroxide is effective in the oxidation of many phenolic compounds. Case histories include the batch treatment of wastes high in phenols, post treatment to remove the last traces of phenols from a biological treatment system effluent and as an emergency backup to other treatment methods. For the laboratory evaluation, three possible types of substituted phenols-nitrophen- ols, chlorophenols, and cresols (methylphenols)-were of particular interest, since they 464 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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