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A STUDY OF TRACE ORGANIC EMISSIONS AND THEIR CONTROL IN MINING AND MILLING WASTEWATER Alan J. Callier, Sanitary Engineer Environmental Protection Agency, Region VII Kansas City, Missouri 64108 J. Charles Jennett, Chairman Civil Engineering Department Syracuse University Syracuse, New York 13210 INTRODUCTION Trace organics resistant to removal by conventional water and wastewater treatment are often the cause of taste, odor, color and toxicity problems [ 1 ]. Effluent from secondary wastewater treatment plants may contain up to 10 times more refractory than degradable organics [2]. Furthermore, treated water from a conventional water treatment plant may contain more trace organics than the raw water supply [3,4], The primary sources of trace organics in natural waters are the decomposition of natural products, industrial and domestic wastes, and agricultural runoff. Generally, industrial wastes contribute the largest number and volume of trace organic compounds to fresh water [5]. The primary objective of this investigation was to study the refractory organic levels in the discharged effluent of a treated industrial waste and the concomitant increase of trace organics in the receiving body of water. However, because of the large number of sources and types of trace organics which may be present in streams, it was virtually impossible to evaluate complex multiple effluent systems and it was, therefore, necessary to find an isolated area for study. The "Viburnum Trend" or "New Lead Belt" of southeast Missouri was such an area. This area was the site of the largest lead mining region in the world and was located almost wholly within Clark National Forest; there were no other industrial sources of pollution, and there were a number of streams available to serve as controls whose only trace organic input was from natural runoff and leaching. In order to accomplish the primary objective, a lead-zinc (Buick mine and mill, owned and operated by AM AX Lead Company of Missouri and Homestake Mining Company) and a lead-zinc-copper (Fletcher mine and mill, owned and operated by St. Joe Minerals Corporation) mining and milling operation in the New Lead Belt, both of which were known to use toxic organic reagents in their processes, were studied. Normal water quality parameters were not applicable in evaluating these wastewaters [6] and there was little, if any, information available relative to the trace organic levels released to the environment by this particular industry. The solvent extraction method (SEM) as described by ASTM was used to evaluate the trace organic levels of these wastewaters prior to and following treatment, and also to evaluate those of a control stream. THE EFFECTS OF ORGANICS IN MINING AND MILLING WASTEWATERS Since the beginning of lead, zinc and copper production in the "Viburnum Trend" of southeastern Missouri, researchers have studied the environmental impact on the streams receiving discharges from the mining and milling industry. Abnormally excessive growths of bottom-coating mats of algae and bacteria have been reported in some of the streams receiving treated mine and mill effluents [6,7]. Studies have also shown that some algal and bacterial consumer organisms, such as snails, crayfish, tadpoles and various aquatic insects which are common in Ozark streams were absent or were rarely found in streams below the discharge point of mine and mill effluents [8]. Some investigators have concluded that the discharge of effluents containing residual amounts of toxic flotation 84
Object Description
Purdue Identification Number | ETRIWC197608 |
Title | Study of trace organic emissions and their control in mining and milling wastewater |
Author |
Callier, Alan J. Jennett, J. Charles |
Date of Original | 1976 |
Conference Title | Proceedings of the 31st Industrial Waste Conference |
Conference Front Matter (copy and paste) | http://e-archives.lib.purdue.edu/u?/engext,27048 |
Extent of Original | p. 84-93 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Date Digitized | 2009-07-07 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
Description
Title | page 84 |
Collection Title | Engineering Technical Reports Collection, Purdue University |
Repository | Purdue University Libraries |
Rights Statement | Digital object copyright Purdue University. All rights reserved. |
Language | eng |
Type (DCMI) | text |
Format | JP2 |
Capture Device | Fujitsu fi-5650C |
Capture Details | ScandAll 21 |
Transcript | A STUDY OF TRACE ORGANIC EMISSIONS AND THEIR CONTROL IN MINING AND MILLING WASTEWATER Alan J. Callier, Sanitary Engineer Environmental Protection Agency, Region VII Kansas City, Missouri 64108 J. Charles Jennett, Chairman Civil Engineering Department Syracuse University Syracuse, New York 13210 INTRODUCTION Trace organics resistant to removal by conventional water and wastewater treatment are often the cause of taste, odor, color and toxicity problems [ 1 ]. Effluent from secondary wastewater treatment plants may contain up to 10 times more refractory than degradable organics [2]. Furthermore, treated water from a conventional water treatment plant may contain more trace organics than the raw water supply [3,4], The primary sources of trace organics in natural waters are the decomposition of natural products, industrial and domestic wastes, and agricultural runoff. Generally, industrial wastes contribute the largest number and volume of trace organic compounds to fresh water [5]. The primary objective of this investigation was to study the refractory organic levels in the discharged effluent of a treated industrial waste and the concomitant increase of trace organics in the receiving body of water. However, because of the large number of sources and types of trace organics which may be present in streams, it was virtually impossible to evaluate complex multiple effluent systems and it was, therefore, necessary to find an isolated area for study. The "Viburnum Trend" or "New Lead Belt" of southeast Missouri was such an area. This area was the site of the largest lead mining region in the world and was located almost wholly within Clark National Forest; there were no other industrial sources of pollution, and there were a number of streams available to serve as controls whose only trace organic input was from natural runoff and leaching. In order to accomplish the primary objective, a lead-zinc (Buick mine and mill, owned and operated by AM AX Lead Company of Missouri and Homestake Mining Company) and a lead-zinc-copper (Fletcher mine and mill, owned and operated by St. Joe Minerals Corporation) mining and milling operation in the New Lead Belt, both of which were known to use toxic organic reagents in their processes, were studied. Normal water quality parameters were not applicable in evaluating these wastewaters [6] and there was little, if any, information available relative to the trace organic levels released to the environment by this particular industry. The solvent extraction method (SEM) as described by ASTM was used to evaluate the trace organic levels of these wastewaters prior to and following treatment, and also to evaluate those of a control stream. THE EFFECTS OF ORGANICS IN MINING AND MILLING WASTEWATERS Since the beginning of lead, zinc and copper production in the "Viburnum Trend" of southeastern Missouri, researchers have studied the environmental impact on the streams receiving discharges from the mining and milling industry. Abnormally excessive growths of bottom-coating mats of algae and bacteria have been reported in some of the streams receiving treated mine and mill effluents [6,7]. Studies have also shown that some algal and bacterial consumer organisms, such as snails, crayfish, tadpoles and various aquatic insects which are common in Ozark streams were absent or were rarely found in streams below the discharge point of mine and mill effluents [8]. Some investigators have concluded that the discharge of effluents containing residual amounts of toxic flotation 84 |
Resolution | 300 ppi |
Color Depth | 8 bit |
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